Smith, Shawn R; Lopez, Nicolas; Bourassa, Mark A: Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) air-sea fluxes, version 2, 2005-2015 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996056 (dataset in review)
Alert New version:
Smith, Shawn R; Lopez, Nicolas; Bourassa, Mark A: Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) air-sea fluxes, version 3, 2005-2024 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996048
Abstract:
Along ship track bulk turbulent heat and momentum fluxes derived using one-minute interval data collected by the Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) initiative. The fluxes are provided as three products derived using three widely accepted air-sea flux algorithms (Smith 1988, COARE 3.5, and a 2013 update of Bourassa 2006). Datasets are organized by ship and flux algorithm. The dataset uses SAMOS data from 19 research vessels with observations spanning 2005-2015. Data include heat and momentum fluxes, state variables adjusted to 10 meters, and multiple inputs and outputs from the flux algorithms. These data have wide use for satellite product and model evaluation; air-sea interaction, marine biology, chemistry and geoscience research activities; climate science, and marine geoinformatics. The data are concentrated in the oceans around North America, but select data are available from most ocean basins. Fluxes are derived from along cruise track navigational, meteorological, and oceanographic observations from 19 research vessels. Fluxes are derived at one-minute intervals (the same as the source observations) and take advantage of extensive quality control flags on the source SAMOS data. Additional QC flags are applied to the derived fluxes, height adjusted state variables, and other outputs of the flux algorithms. All data are provided in CF and ACDD compliant netCDF files, with extensive metadata. The uncompressed data volume is ca. 5 GB.
Related to:
Smith, Shawn R; Lopez, Nicolas; Bourassa, Mark A (2016): SAMOS air‐sea fluxes: 2005–2014. Geoscience Data Journal, 3(1), 9-19, https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.34
Source:
Smith, Shawn R; Rolph, Jeremy J; Briggs, Kristen; Bourassa, Mark A (2009): Quality-Controlled Underway Oceanographic and Meteorological Data from the Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Predictions Studies (COAPS) - Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) [dataset]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, https://doi.org/10.7289/V5QJ7F8R
Original version:
Smith, Shawn R; Lopez, Nicolas; Bourassa, Mark A (2015): Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) Air-Sea Fluxes [dataset]. University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR):NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF NCAR):Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL):Information Services Division (ISD):Data Engineering and Curation Section (DECS), https://doi.org/10.5065/D6930R70
References:
Bourassa, Mark A (2006): Chapter 2: Satellite-Based Observations of Surface Turbulent Stress During Severe Weather, In: Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions, ed. W. Perrie. WIT Press, 2, 35–52
Edson, J B; Jampana, Venkata; Weller, Robert A; Bigorre, Sebastien P; Plueddemann, Albert J; Fairall, Christopher W; Miller, Scott D; Mahrt, L; Vickers, Dean; Hersbach, Hans (2013): On the Exchange of Momentum over the Open Ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 43(8), 1589-1610, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-12-0173.1
Smith, Stuart D (1988): Coefficients for sea surface wind stress, heat flux, and wind profiles as a function of wind speed and temperature. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 93(C12), 15467-15472, https://doi.org/10.1029/JC093iC12p15467
Zheng, Yangxing; Bourassa, Mark A; Hughes, Paul (2013): Influences of Sea Surface Temperature Gradients and Surface Roughness Changes on the Motion of Surface Oil: A Simple Idealized Study. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 52(7), 1561-1575, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0211.1
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 581871754: PANGAEA past and future efforts in rescuing data and creating resilience (2026)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 5.500000 * Median Longitude: 0.000000 * South-bound Latitude: -79.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -180.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 90.000000 * East-bound Longitude: 180.000000
Date/Time Start: 2005-05-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2015-06-12T00:00:00
Event(s):
Comment:
Input and output variables and parameters included in the netCDF files:
quality control flags
latent heat flux (Watts meter-2)
sensible heat flux (Watts meter-2)
Specific humidity height adjusted at 10m (gram kilogram-1)
Potential temperature height adjusted at 10m (celsius)
Stress magnitude (Newton meter-2)
Zonal stress (Newton meter-2)
Meridional stress (Newton meter-2)
Wind speed height adjusted at 10m (meter second-1)
Zonal wind component adjusted at 10m (meter second-1)
Meridional wind component adjusted at 10m (meter second-1)
dimensionless Monin-Obhukov length scale height (z/L) adjusted at 10m (meter meter-1)
momentum roughness length (meter)
netCDF4:Cd
netCDF4:Cd_qc
netCDF4:Cd_qc_secondary
netCDF4:Ce
netCDF4:Ce_qc
netCDF4:Ce_qc_secondary
netCDF4:Ch
netCDF4:Ch_qc
netCDF4:Ch_qc_secondary
netCDF4:DIR_instrument
netCDF4:P_instrument
netCDF4:RAD_LW_instrument
netCDF4:RAD_SW_instrument
netCDF4:RH_instrument
netCDF4:SPD_instrument
netCDF4:SSPS_instrument
netCDF4:TS_instrument
netCDF4:T_instrument
netCDF4:dT_skinx
netCDF4:dq_skinx
netCDF4:flux_calc_qc_secondary
netCDF4:hbb
netCDF4:in_DIR
netCDF4:in_DIR_qc
netCDF4:in_DIR_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_P
netCDF4:in_P_qc
netCDF4:in_P_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_RAD_LW
netCDF4:in_RAD_LW_qc
netCDF4:in_RAD_LW_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_RAD_SW
netCDF4:in_RAD_SW_qc
netCDF4:in_RAD_SW_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_RH
netCDF4:in_RH_height
netCDF4:in_RH_qc
netCDF4:in_RH_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_SPD
netCDF4:in_SPD_height
netCDF4:in_SPD_qc
netCDF4:in_SPD_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_SSPS
netCDF4:in_SSPS_qc
netCDF4:in_SSPS_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_T
netCDF4:in_TS
netCDF4:in_TS_depth
netCDF4:in_TS_qc
netCDF4:in_TS_qc_secondary
netCDF4:in_T_height
netCDF4:in_T_qc
netCDF4:in_T_qc_secondary
netCDF4:lhf
netCDF4:lhf_qc
netCDF4:lhf_qc_secondary
netCDF4:q_10
netCDF4:q_10_qc
netCDF4:q_10_qc_secondary
netCDF4:q_star
netCDF4:shf
netCDF4:shf_qc
netCDF4:shf_qc_secondary
netCDF4:sst_adj
netCDF4:t_10
netCDF4:t_10_qc
netCDF4:t_10_qc_secondary
netCDF4:t_star
netCDF4:tau
netCDF4:tau_qc
netCDF4:tau_qc_secondary
netCDF4:tau_u
netCDF4:tau_u_qc
netCDF4:tau_u_qc_secondary
netCDF4:tau_v
netCDF4:tau_v_qc
netCDF4:tau_v_qc_secondary
netCDF4:thick_skinx
netCDF4:u_10
netCDF4:u_10_qc
netCDF4:u_10_qc_secondary
netCDF4:u_10_u
netCDF4:u_10_v
netCDF4:u_star
netCDF4:u_star_u
netCDF4:u_star_v
netCDF4:z0_m
netCDF4:z0_q
netCDF4:z0_t
netCDF4:z_over_L
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reference/source | Reference | Smith, Shawn R | algorithm | ||
| 2 | Year of observation | Year obs | a AD | Smith, Shawn R | ||
| 3 | Binary Object | Binary | Smith, Shawn R | Calculated | ||
| 4 | Binary Object (File Size) | Binary (Size) | Bytes | Smith, Shawn R | Calculated |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (License comes into effect after moratorium ends)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
99 data points