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Anhaus, Philipp; Arndt, Stefanie; Katlein, Christian; Krampe, Daniela; Lange, Benjamin Allen; Matero, Ilkka; Regnery, Julia; Rohde, Jan; Schiller, Martin; Nicolaus, Marcel (2025): Spectral solar radiation over and under sea ice during the MOSAiC expedition 2019/20, version 2.0 [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.979856

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Published: 2025-06-10 • DOI registered: 2025-06-27

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Abstract:
Solar radiation over and under drifting sea ice was measured using RAMSES hyper-spectral radiometers (TriOS) mounted on the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) between November 2019 and September 2020. All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm), and integrated over the photosynthetically active radiation wavelength range (PAR: 400 to 700 nm). Two sensors were mounted on the ROV, an irradiance sensor (transmitted solar irradiance, ACC: Advanced-Cosine-Collector) for energy budget calculations and a radiance sensor (transmitted solar radiance, ARC: Advanced-Radiance-Collector with a 7° opening angle) to obtain high-resolution spatial variability. One additional radiometer was installed on the sea ice for surface reference measurements (incident solar irradiance, ACC). This is a raw data set, including all recorded spectra without any selection. Along with the radiation measurements, ROV positions were obtained from an acoustic Long Base Line (LBL) positioning system (LinkQuest Pinpoint). ROV depth was measured by a pressure sensor (Keller A-21Y, Keller AG). All times are given in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC).
Keyword(s):
Arctic; BEAST; MOSAiC20192020; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); Sea ice; Solar radiation
Supplement to:
Anhaus, Philipp; Katlein, Christian; Arndt, Stefanie; Krampe, Daniela; Lange, Benjamin Allen; Matero, Ilkka; Salganik, Evgenii; Nicolaus, Marcel (2025): Under-ice environment observations from a remotely operated vehicle during the MOSAiC expedition. Scientific Data, 12(1), 944, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05223-1
Related to:
Anhaus, Philipp; Katlein, Christian; Matero, Ilkka; Nicolaus, Marcel; Arndt, Stefanie; Krampe, Daniela; Lange, Benjamin Allen; Regnery, Julia; Rohde, Jan; Schiller, Martin (2023): Positioning and telemetry from remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys during the MOSAiC expedition 2019/20 [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.952676
Anhaus, Philipp; Katlein, Christian; Matero, Ilkka; Nicolaus, Marcel; Arndt, Stefanie; Krampe, Daniela; Lange, Benjamin Allen; Regnery, Julia; Rohde, Jan; Schiller, Martin; Ransby, Daniela (2023): Under-ice environment surveys using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the MOSAiC expedition 2019/20 [dataset bibliography]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.951077
Anhaus, Philipp; Katlein, Christian; Nicolaus, Marcel (2023): MATLAB processing code for under-ice environment data from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the MOSAiC expedition 2019/2020. Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7821721
Katlein, Christian; Schiller, Martin; Belter, Hans Jakob; Coppolaro, Veronica; Wenslandt, David; Nicolaus, Marcel (2017): A New Remotely Operated Sensor Platform for Interdisciplinary Observations under Sea Ice. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, 281, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00281
Nicolaus, Marcel; Hudson, Stephen R; Gerland, Sebastian; Munderloh, Karin (2010): A modern concept for autonomous and continuous measurements of spectral albedo and transmittance of sea ice. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 62(1), 14-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.03.001
Nicolaus, Marcel; Perovich, Donald K; Spreen, Gunnar; Granskog, Mats A; von Albedyll, Luisa; Angelopoulos, Michael; Anhaus, Philipp; Arndt, Stefanie; Belter, Hans Jakob; Bessonov, Vladimir; Birnbaum, Gerit; Brauchle, Jörg; Calmer, Radiance; Cardellach, Estel; Cheng, Bin; Clemens-Sewall, David; Dadic, Ruzica; Damm, Ellen; de Boer, Gijs; Demir, Oguz; Dethloff, Klaus; Divine, Dmitry V; Fong, Allison A; Fons, Steven W; Frey, Markus M; Fuchs, Niels; Gabarró, Carolina; Gerland, Sebastian; Goessling, Helge; Gradinger, Rolf; Haapala, Jari; Haas, Christian; Hamilton, Jonathan; Hannula, Henna-Reetta; Hendricks, Stefan; Herber, Andreas; Heuzé, Céline; Hoppmann, Mario; Høyland, Knut Vilhelm; Huntemann, Marcus; Hutchings, Jennifer K; Hwang, Byongjun; Itkin, Polona; Jacobi, Hans-Werner; Jaggi, Matthias; Jutila, Arttu; Kaleschke, Lars; Katlein, Christian; Kolabutin, Nikolai; Krampe, Daniela; Kristensen, Steen Savstrup; Krumpen, Thomas; Kurtz, Nathan; Lampert, Astrid; Lange, Benjamin Allen; Lei, Ruibo; Light, Bonnie; Linhardt, Felix; Liston, Glen E; Loose, Brice; Macfarlane, Amy R; Mahmud, Mallik; Matero, Ilkka; Maus, Sönke; Morgenstern, Anne; Naderpour, Reza; Nandan, Vishnu; Niubom, Alexey; Oggier, Marc; Oppelt, Natascha; Pätzold, Falk; Perron, Christophe; Petrovsky, Tomasz; Pirazzini, Roberta; Polashenski, Chris; Rabe, Benjamin; Raphael, Ian; Regnery, Julia; Rex, Markus; Ricker, Robert; Riemann-Campe, Kathrin; Rinke, Annette; Rohde, Jan; Salganik, Evgenii; Scharien, Randall K; Schiller, Martin; Schneebeli, Martin; Semmling, Maximilian; Shimanchuk, Egor; Shupe, Matthew D; Smith, Madison M; Smolyanitsky, Vasily M; Sokolov, Vladimir; Stanton, T; Stroeve, Julienne C; Thielke, Linda; Timofeeva, Anna; Tonboe, Rasmus Tage; Tavri, Aikaterini; Tsamados, Michel; Wagner, David N; Watkins, Daniel; Webster, Melinda; Wendisch, Manfred (2022): Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Snow and sea ice. 10(1), https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.000046
Project(s):
FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring (FRAM)
Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC)
Sea Ice Physics @ AWI (AWI_SeaIce)
Funding:
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI), grant/award no. AFMOSAiC-1_00: Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI), grant/award no. AWI_PS122_00: Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate / MOSAiC
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 85.267280 * Median Longitude: 52.321015 * South-bound Latitude: 79.400154 * West-bound Longitude: -2.735151 * North-bound Latitude: 89.072596 * East-bound Longitude: 122.521442
Date/Time Start: 2019-11-02T07:20:55 * Date/Time End: 2020-09-17T10:41:32
Event(s):
PS122/1_5-62 * Latitude: 85.849719 * Longitude: 122.521442 * Date/Time: 2019-11-02T07:24:00 * Elevation: -4398.4 m * O2A Registry URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/650 * Campaign: PS122/1 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST (BEAST) * Comment: 20191102_1: vv
PS122/1_6-16 * Latitude: 85.948300 * Longitude: 118.753756 * Date/Time: 2019-11-05T05:44:00 * Elevation: -4409.1 m * O2A Registry URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/650 * Campaign: PS122/1 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST (BEAST) * Comment: 20191105_1: deployed BEAST for multibeam sonar survey of OASIS
PS122/1_6-31 * Latitude: 85.920923 * Longitude: 117.828704 * Date/Time: 2019-11-06T01:35:00 * Elevation: -4411.6 m * O2A Registry URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/650 * Campaign: PS122/1 (MOSAiC20192020) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Remotely operated sensor platform BEAST (BEAST) * Comment: 20191106_1: fishing line deployment
Comment:
Version comment (version 2.0):
• More accurate position (X, Y) and depth values have been included.
• The depth values have been adjusted for pitch and roll of the ROV.
• Very high, physically not meaningful broadband transmittance and transflectance values have been included in some winter surveys to achieve uniform file structure. Very high, physically not meaningful values arise from dividing very low values (transmitted irradiance and radiance values during winter) by even lower values (incident irradiance values in winter) and integrating over the solar spectrum (320 nm to 950 nm).
• Mismatches between some files and corresponding dates have been sorted correctly.
Change history:
2025-03-21T10:11:18 – This is the version 2.0. The previous version 1.0 was published under doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.935688.
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Size:
440 datasets

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Download ZIP file containing all datasets as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

Datasets listed in this publication series

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  1. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_45-149 on 2020-07-04, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980367
  2. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_45-149 on 2020-07-04, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980635
  3. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_45-149 on 2020-07-04, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980831
  4. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_45-149 on 2020-07-04, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980995
  5. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_45-149 on 2020-07-04, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980996
  6. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980539
  7. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980660
  8. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980840
  9. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981013
  10. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981014
  11. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980530
  12. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980662
  13. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980841
  14. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981015
  15. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-37 on 2020-07-07, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981016
  16. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-172 on 2020-07-10, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980366
  17. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-172 on 2020-07-10, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980646
  18. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-172 on 2020-07-10, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980834
  19. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-172 on 2020-07-10, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981001
  20. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-172 on 2020-07-10, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981002
  21. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-174 on 2020-07-10, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980558
  22. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-174 on 2020-07-10, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980649
  23. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-174 on 2020-07-10, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980835
  24. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-174 on 2020-07-10, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981003
  25. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-174 on 2020-07-10, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981004
  26. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-175 on 2020-07-10, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980555
  27. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-175 on 2020-07-10, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980632
  28. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-175 on 2020-07-10, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980836
  29. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-175 on 2020-07-10, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981005
  30. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-175 on 2020-07-10, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981006
  31. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-176 on 2020-07-11, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980556
  32. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-176 on 2020-07-11, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980681
  33. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-176 on 2020-07-11, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980837
  34. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-176 on 2020-07-11, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981007
  35. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-176 on 2020-07-11, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981008
  36. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980559
  37. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980675
  38. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980838
  39. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981009
  40. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981010
  41. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980532
  42. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980627
  43. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980839
  44. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981011
  45. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_46-177 on 2020-07-11, survey 3, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981012
  46. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_47-31 on 2020-07-14, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980536
  47. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_47-31 on 2020-07-14, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980663
  48. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_47-31 on 2020-07-14, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980843
  49. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_47-31 on 2020-07-14, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981019
  50. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_47-31 on 2020-07-14, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981020
  51. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_47-135 on 2020-07-19, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980535
  52. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_47-135 on 2020-07-19, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980623
  53. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_47-135 on 2020-07-19, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980842
  54. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_47-135 on 2020-07-19, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981017
  55. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_47-135 on 2020-07-19, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981018
  56. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_48-4 on 2020-07-21, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980587
  57. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/4_48-4 on 2020-07-21, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980636
  58. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/4_48-4 on 2020-07-21, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980845
  59. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/4_48-4 on 2020-07-21, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981023
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  66. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/4_49-105 on 2020-07-28, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980580
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  70. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/4_49-105 on 2020-07-28, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981026
  71. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/5_59-269 on 2020-08-25, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980581
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  74. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/5_59-269 on 2020-08-25, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981027
  75. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/5_59-269 on 2020-08-25, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981028
  76. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/5_59-369 on 2020-08-29, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980582
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  78. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/5_59-369 on 2020-08-29, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980848
  79. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/5_59-369 on 2020-08-29, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981029
  80. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/5_59-369 on 2020-08-29, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981030
  81. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/5_60-5 on 2020-08-31, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980577
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  84. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/5_60-5 on 2020-08-31, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981041
  85. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/5_60-5 on 2020-08-31, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981042
  86. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980586
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  88. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980852
  89. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981037
  90. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981038
  91. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980574
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  93. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980853
  94. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981039
  95. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/5_60-28 on 2020-09-01, survey 2, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981040
  96. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice at station PS122/5_60-165 on 2020-09-04, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980578
  97. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) at station PS122/5_60-165 on 2020-09-04, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980686
  98. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) at station PS122/5_60-165 on 2020-09-04, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.980849
  99. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) at station PS122/5_60-165 on 2020-09-04, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981031
  100. Anhaus, P; Arndt, S; Katlein, C et al. (2025): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) at station PS122/5_60-165 on 2020-09-04, survey 1, version 2.0. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.981032

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