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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Maria Reigersbergen cruise from St. George Delmina to Montevideo started at 1824-10-24 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750628, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -13.894667 * Median Longitude: -24.575778 * South-bound Latitude: -35.020000 * West-bound Longitude: -56.210000 * North-bound Latitude: 4.930000 * East-bound Longitude: 1.190000
Date/Time Start: 1824-10-24T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-12-07T16:00:00
Event(s):
Maria_Reigersbergen_18241024_MAR_D23905_3658 * Latitude Start: 4.900000 * Longitude Start: -1.350000 * Latitude End: -35.970000 * Longitude End: -55.650000 * Date/Time Start: 1824-10-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-12-07T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Maria Reigersbergen (Fregat), Voyage: St George D'Elmina - Montevideo, 1st Observer: Ktz, Company: MAR, Other ship information: 32 STUKKEN. BEMANNING 250+41 KOPPEN
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7Temperature, airTTT°C
8Image number/nameImage no/nameIdentification Number of the original image
9--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
12Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
13Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the humidity instrument
15Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16Present weatherwwWeather description
17Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18Cloud typeCloud type
19GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21FogFog1 If fog was reported
22Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24HailHail1 If hail was reported
25Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26CommentComment
27IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
911 data points

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