Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -29.162045 * Median Longitude: 70.342273 * South-bound Latitude: -37.850000 * West-bound Longitude: 18.480000 * North-bound Latitude: -6.100000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000

Date/Time Start: 1816-09-09T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1816-10-29T05:00:00

Event(s):

Maria_Reigersbergen_18160909_MAR_D23905_3654 * Latitude Start: -33.380000 * Longitude Start: 17.270000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1816-09-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1816-10-29T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Maria Reigersbergen (Fregat), Voyage: Simonsbaai - Batavia, 1st Observer: J.W. D'Everdinge Van Der Nijp (Kapitein), Company: MAR, Other ship information: 26 STUKKEN GESCHUT A 121 POND ? EN 2 DRAAIBASSEN A 1 POND. BEMAND MET 200 MAN EQUIPAGE EN 217 MAN ARTILLERIE.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Image number/name	Image no/name		Identification Number of the original image
7	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
8	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
9	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
10	Landmark	Landmark		Name of second landmark
11	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the second landmark
12	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the second landmark
13	Landmark	Landmark		Name of third landmark
14	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the third landmark
15	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the third landmark
16	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
17	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
18	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
19	Comment	Comment		Life on board
20	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
21	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
22	Comment	Comment		Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc.
23	Comment	Comment		Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about any biological item
24	Comment	Comment		Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about wars and fights in which this ship was involved
25	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
26	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
27	Compass, established error	Compass established e
28	Compass, applied correction	Compass applied correction
29	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
30	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
31	Present weather	ww		Weather description
32	Precipitation description	Precip descr
33	State of the sea description	State sea descr
34	Cloud type	Cloud type
35	Clearness	Clearness
36	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
37	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
38	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
39	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
40	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
41	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
42	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
43	Comment	Comment
44	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1058 data points

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