García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during DUNKIRK cruise from Senegal Road to Spithead started at 1759-01-23 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748725, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 37.642857 * Median Longitude: -20.635714 * South-bound Latitude: 16.100000 * West-bound Longitude: -35.430000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.950000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.200000
Date/Time Start: 1759-01-23T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1759-02-26T12:00:00
Event(s):
Dunkirk_17590123_NMM_ADM/L/D295 * Latitude Start: 16.100000 * Longitude Start: -17.810000 * Latitude End: 50.680000 * Longitude End: -0.960000 * Date/Time Start: 1759-01-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1759-02-26T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Dunkirk (4th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Senegal Road - Spithead, 1st Observer: Robert Digby (Captain), 2nd Observer: Barnabas Fenwick (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 60G, 1216BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
672 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1759-01-23T13:00 | 16.10 | -17.81 | 25 | 6.7 | SENEGAL | S75E | 23 | N75W | 23.00 | -9 | NE, NEBN | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63735 | |||
| 1759-01-24T13:00 | 16.82 | -19.16 | 36 | 4.6 | SENEGAL | S64E | 37 | N61W | 88.00 | -9 | NNE, NEBN, NE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER GENTLE GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63736 | |||
| 1759-01-25T13:00 | 17.22 | -18.91 | 36 | 6.7 | SENEGAL | S50E | 37 | N29E | 29.00 | -9 | NW, NEBE, NEBN, NNE, NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63737 | |||
| 1759-01-26T13:00 | 17.90 | -18.86 | 328 | 6.7 | SENEGAL | S36E | 47 | N4E | 41.00 | -10 | NE, NNE, NNW | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63738 | |||
| 1759-01-27T13:00 | 18.42 | -19.11 | 35 | 9.3 | SENEGAL | S33E | 58 | N25W | 34.00 | -10 | NW, NEBE, NNE, NBE, NE | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63739 | |||
| 1759-01-28T13:00 | 19.95 | -20.98 | 46 | 19.0 | SENEGAL | S40E | 104 | N49W | 140.00 | -10 | NEBN, NNE, NE, NEBE | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63740 | |||
| 1759-01-29T14:00 | 21.97 | -23.31 | 48 | 19.0 | SENEGAL | S43E | 163 | N47W | 179.00 | -8 | NEBE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63741 | |||
| 1759-01-30T14:00 | 24.27 | -25.38 | 25 | 6.7 | SENEGAL | S42W | 220 | N50W | 180.00 | -9 | ENE, NEBN | MODERATE | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63742 | |||
| 1759-01-31T14:00 | 26.12 | -27.21 | 362 | SENEGAL | S42E | 273 | N42W | 150.00 | -9 | NE, NEBE, ENE, VARIABLE | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE SQUALLY | MIDDLE SMALL RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63743 | |||
| 1759-02-01T14:00 | 28.47 | -28.66 | 47 | 19.0 | SENEGAL | S40E | 323 | N30W | 154.00 | -9 | ENE, NEBE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART CLEAR, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63744 | |||
| 1759-02-02T14:00 | 30.25 | -29.91 | 81 | 2.6 | SENEGAL | N39E | 366 | N30W | 132.00 | -9 | NE, ENE, E | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE GALES, LATTER LITTLE WIND | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLEAR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63745 | |||
| 1759-02-03T14:00 | 31.85 | -30.46 | 149 | 15.4 | SENEGAL | N37E | 397 | N16W | 100.00 | -9 | E, SEBS, SSE | MODERATE GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63746 | |||
| 1759-02-04T14:00 | 33.43 | -31.00 | 147 | 6.7 | SENEGAL | S35W | 427 | N16W | 99.00 | -11 | VARIABLE, CALM, SW, SSE | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS, MIDDLE SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | MIDDLE RAIN | LATTER FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63747 | ||
| 1759-02-05T14:00 | 35.20 | -32.18 | 135 | 2.6 | SENEGAL | S35E | 467 | N29E | 122.00 | -11 | SEBE, SE, SEBS | FIRST PART GENTLE GALES, LATTER LITTLE WIND | MIDDLE SMALL RAIN | FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63748 | ||
| 1759-02-06T14:00 | 36.03 | -33.50 | 193 | 6.7 | SENEGAL | S36E | 494 | N52W | 82.00 | -10 | SE, SBE, S, SBW, SSW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS GENTLE BREEZES, LATTER MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63749 | |||
| 1759-02-07T14:00 | 38.37 | -34.23 | 281 | 1.0 | SENEGAL | S35E | 522 | N24W | 87.00 | -12 | SWBS, SSW, SW, WSW, WNW | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER LIGHT AIRS | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63750 | |||
| 1759-02-08T14:00 | 40.23 | -35.43 | 213 | CORVO | S83E | 54 | N18W | 184.00 | -12 | WBN, NWBN, SW | FIRST PART MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER SMALL RAIN | FIRST PART HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63751 | |||
| 1759-02-09T14:00 | 41.65 | -32.08 | 302 | 22.6 | CORVO | S3E | 35 | N61E | 174.00 | -13 | WSW, NW | STRONG GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63752 | |||
| 1759-02-10T14:00 | 43.00 | -28.51 | 18 | LIZARD | N65E | 326 | N63E | 178.00 | -16 | NW, WNW, WSW, N, NEBN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63753 | ||||
| 1759-02-11T14:00 | 44.43 | -25.31 | 186 | LIZARD | N67E | 290 | N58E | 164.00 | -17 | NE, NEBE, S, SSW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER SQUALLY | FIRST PART RAIN, MIDDLE MUCH RAIN, LATTER SMALL RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63754 | |||
| 1759-02-12T13:00 | 46.80 | -21.05 | 129 | 22.6 | LIZARD | N72E | 248 | N69E | 212.00 | -17 | SBE, SEBS | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER STRONG GALES | MIDDLE FOGGY | FIRST AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63755 | ||
| 1759-02-13T13:00 | 48.77 | -18.45 | 54 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N81E | 164 | N45E | 168.00 | -19 | ENE, ENE1/2E, EBN, EBN1/2N | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63756 | |||
| 1759-02-14T13:00 | 49.73 | -16.98 | 161 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N88E | 149 | N44E | 81.00 | -19 | SSE, EBN, SBE, S | FRESH GALES | LARGE SWELL FROM S | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63757 | ||
| 1759-02-15T13:00 | 49.93 | -14.50 | 150 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N89E | 109 | N83E | 99.00 | -19 | SSW, S, SBE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | LATTER THICK | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63758 | ||
| 1759-02-16T13:00 | 49.95 | -12.50 | 172 | 6.7 | SCILLY | N89E | 70 | N89E | 78.00 | -19 | SBE, S, SBW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS RAIN | LATTER HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63759 | ||
| 1759-02-17T13:00 | 49.78 | -12.25 | 94 | 2.6 | SCILLY | N86E | 66 | S45E | 14.00 | -19 | SSW, SW, SBW, CALM, ESE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63760 | |||
| 1759-02-18T13:00 | 48.97 | -12.31 | 240 | SCILLY | N73E | 72 | S8W | 53.00 | -19 | SEBE, VARIABLE, ESE, EBS, WBS | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63761 | |||
| 1759-02-19T13:00 | 48.62 | -12.38 | 94 | SCILLY | N68E | 74 | S6E | 21.00 | -19 | SEBE, ESE | FIRST PART FRESH GALES | FIRST PART THICK HAZY WEATHER, MIDDLE AND LATTER C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63762 | ||||
| 1759-02-20T13:00 | 48.33 | -12.33 | 94 | 19.0 | SCILLY | N56E | 82 | S7E | 17.00 | -19 | SEBE, SWBS, ESE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH GALES | SMALL RAIN | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63763 | ||
| 1759-02-21T13:00 | 48.23 | -11.88 | 37 | 19.0 | SCILLY | N54E | 88 | S7W | 54.00 | -19 | SEBE, SBE, E, EBN, NEBE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH GALES | MIDDLE PARTS SMALL RAIN | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63764 | ||
| 1759-02-22T13:00 | 48.13 | -11.43 | 139 | 4.6 | SCILLY | N56E | 68 | N47E | 61.00 | -19 | S, CALM, SSW, SSE | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS, MIDDLE AND LATTER GENTLE GALES. AT 10 A BREEZE SPRANG UP | MIDDLE AND LATTER DRIZZLING RAIN | MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63765 | ||
| 1759-02-23T13:00 | 49.57 | -9.30 | 94 | 19.0 | SCILLY | N72E | 30 | N44E | 120.00 | -19 | SWBW, SW, VARIABLE, SEBS, ESE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS GENTLE GALES, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLEAR, LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63766 | |||
| 1759-02-24T13:00 | 49.68 | -9.21 | 37 | SCILLY | N77E | 27 | N24E | 10.00 | -19 | S, SEBE, NE, SW1/2W, SW, NEBE | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART HAZY, LATTER THICK WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63767 | |||
| 1759-02-25T13:00 | 49.63 | -8.48 | 150 | 1.0 | SCILLY | N67E | 18 | S24E | 28.00 | -19 | S, VARIABLE, SSE, SBE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS | FIRST PART RAIN | FIRST PART THICK WEATHER, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63768 | ||
| 1759-02-26T12:00 | 49.70 | -7.20 | 172 | SCILLY | N68E | 18 | S68W | 39.00 | -19 | SSE, SBE, S, WSW, SBW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63769 |