Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -12.335000 * Median Longitude: -49.074453 * South-bound Latitude: -58.950000 * West-bound Longitude: -90.920000 * North-bound Latitude: 41.000000 * East-bound Longitude: -8.170000

Date/Time Start: 1778-03-13T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1778-07-19T00:00:00

Event(s):

Astuto_17780313_MS_941 * Latitude Start: -12.200000 * Longitude Start: -78.770000 * Latitude End: 36.070000 * Longitude End: -6.730000 * Date/Time Start: 1778-03-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1778-07-19T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Astuto (Navío), Voyage: Callao - Cádiz, 1st Observer: Somaglia (?) (Comandante)

Comment:

1778-06-28T14:00: AYER SE VIERON VOLADORES, Y HOY RABIJUNCOS, ALGÚN SARGAZO Y VOLADORES., MAR LLANA, VTO GALENO HASTA LAS 5 QUE SE EMPEZÓ A SENTIR ALGUNA MAR DEL O (...) A LAS 9 1/2 DE LA NOCHE EMPEZAMOS A PERCIBIRE POR LA PARTE DEL N UNA GRAN CLARIDAD QUE SE FUE EXTENDIENDO DESDE EL NNO HASTA EL NE DE LA AGUJA INCENDIÁNDOSE CASI REPENTINAMENTE EL CIELO CON UNA FAJAS QUE CAÍAN COMO DE LOS 45º HASTA CERCA DEL HORIZONTE Y AUNQUE AL PRINCIPIO ERAN BLANCAS O CLARAS SEN ENCENDIABAN INMEDIATAMENTE CON MÁS VIVEZA QUE EL RESTO; CONOCIMOS SER AURORA BOREAL Y A LAS 10 SÓLO QUEDABA ALGUNA POCA DE CLARIDAD QUE CONTINUÓ DESDE LAS 11 AVIVÁNDOSE Y A LAS 11 1/2 VOLVIÓ A INCENDIARSE EL CIELO COMO ANTES, PERO CON LA DIFERENCIA DE QUE SE EXTENDIÓ DESDE EL NNO HASTA EL NO. QUEDÓ TAMBIÉN CLARA AQUELLA PARTE DESDE LA UNA EN QUE SE DISIPÓ LA INCENDIADA HASTA LAS DOS Y A DICHA HORA POR TERCERA VEZ VOLVIÓ A INCENDIARSE AL NO, AUNQUE NO CON TANTA VIVEZA: A LAS 3 1/2 ESTANDO BASTANTE CLARA EL ALBA SE DISIPÓ ENTERAMENTE. AMANECIÓ CLARO, VTO. FRESQUITO CON MAREJADA DEL ONO.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
10	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
12	Comment 2 (continued)	Comm 2		Other remarks
13	Comment 3 (continued)	Comm 3		Other remarks
14	Comment 4 (continued)	Comm 4		Other remarks
15	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
18	Current speed description	V descr
19	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
20	Precipitation description	Precip descr
21	State of the sea description	State sea descr
22	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
23	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
24	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
25	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
26	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
27	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
28	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
29	Comment	Comment
30	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

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2128 data points

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