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Fenner, Juliane M; Mikkelsen, Naja (1990): Eocene-Oligocene diatoms in the western Indian Ocean [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728561, Supplement to: Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): Eocene-Oligocene diatoms in the western Indian Ocean: Taxonomy, Stratigraphy, and Paleoceanography. In: Duncan, R.A., Backmann, J., Peterson, L.C.; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 15, 433-463, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.115.207.1990

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Abstract:
The occurrence of diatom species in the Eocene-Oligocene sections of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 115 sites and Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Sites 219 and 236 in the low-latitude Indian Ocean are investigated. Diatoms are generally rare and poorly preserved in the Paleogene sequences we studied. The best-preserved assemblages are found close to ash layers in early Oligocene sediments.
The low-latitude diatom zonation established for the Atlantic region by Fenner in 1984 is fully applicable to the Paleogene sequences of the western Indian Ocean. Correlation of the diatom zones to the calcareous nannofossil stratigraphy of the sites places the Coscinodiscus excavatus Zone of Fenner within calcareous nannofossil Subzone CP16b. For the Mascarene Plateau and the Chagos Ridge, the times when the sites studied, together with the areas upslope from them, subsided to below the euphotic zone are deduced from changes in the relative abundance between the group of benthic, shallow-water species and Grammatophora spp. vs. the group of fully planktonic diatom species.
The Eocene section of Site 707, on the Mascarene Plateau, is characterized by the occurrence of benthic diatoms (approximately 10% of the diatom assemblage). These allochthonous diatoms must have originated from shallow-water environments around volcanic islands that existed upslope from ODP Site 707 in Eocene times. In Oligocene and younger sediments of Sites 707 and 706, occurrences of benthic diatoms are rare and sporadic and interpreted as reworked from older sediments. This indicates that the area upslope from these two Mascarene Plateau sites had subsided below the euphotic zone by the early Oligocene. Only Grammatophora spp., for which a neritic but not benthic habitat is assumed, continues to be abundant throughout the Oligocene sequences.
The area of the Madingley Rise sites (Sites 709-710) and nearby shallower areas subsided below the euphotic zone already in middle Eocene times, as benthic diatoms are almost absent from these Eocene sections. Only sites located on abyssal plains, and which intermittently received turbidite sediments (e.g., Sites 708 and 711), contain occasionally single, benthic diatoms of Oligocene age.
The occurrence of the freshwater diatom Aulacosira granulata in a few samples of late early Oligocene and late Oligocene age at Sites 707, 709, and 714 is interpreted as windblown. Their presence indicates at least seasonally arid conditions for these periods in the source areas of eastern Africa and India.
Three new species and two new combinations are defined: Chaetoceros asymmetricus Fenner sp. nov.; Hemiaulus gracilis Fenner, sp. nov.; Kozloviella meniscosa Fenner, sp. nov.; Cestodiscus demergitus (Fenner) Fenner comb, nov.; and Rocella princeps (Jouse) Fenner comb. nov.
Project(s):
Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP)
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -2.882938 * Median Longitude: 64.925710 * South-bound Latitude: -13.114000 * West-bound Longitude: 57.647500 * North-bound Latitude: 9.029200 * East-bound Longitude: 73.831300
Date/Time Start: 1972-03-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1987-06-28T07:45:00
Event(s):
23-219 * Latitude: 9.029200 * Longitude: 72.877800 * Date/Time: 1972-03-10T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1764.0 m * Penetration: 273 m * Recovery: 172.8 m * Location: Indian Ocean/Arabian Sea/RIDGE * Campaign: Leg23 * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 27 cores; 235 m cored; 0 m drilled; 73.5 % recovery
24-236 * Latitude: -1.677000 * Longitude: 57.647500 * Date/Time: 1972-05-28T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4487.0 m * Penetration: 327.5 m * Recovery: 216.5 m * Campaign: Leg24 * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 37 cores; 327.5 m cored; 0 m drilled; 66.1 % recovery
115-706A * Latitude: -13.114000 * Longitude: 61.371000 * Date/Time Start: 1987-05-22T23:15:00 * Date/Time End: 1987-05-23T08:00:00 * Elevation: -2517.0 m * Penetration: 47.5 m * Recovery: 39.28 m * Location: South Indian Ridge, South Indian Ocean * Campaign: Leg115 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 6 cores; 47.5 m cored; 0 m drilled; 82.7 % recovery
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
21 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 5) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in DSDP holes 23-219 and 24-236. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728560
  2. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of DSDP Hole 23-219. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728252
  3. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of DSDP Hole 24-236. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728253
  4. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 3) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Hole 115-706B. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728258
  5. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Site 115-706. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728254
  6. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 3) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Site 115-707. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728260
  7. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Site 115-707. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728255
  8. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 3) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Hole 115-708A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728259
  9. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Hole 115-708A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728245
  10. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 4) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Hole 115-709C. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728261
  11. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Site 115-709. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728256
  12. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 4) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Hole 115-710A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728262
  13. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Hole 115-710A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728246
  14. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 4) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Hole 115-711A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728263
  15. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Site 115-711. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728257
  16. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Hole 115-712A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728247
  17. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 5) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Hole 115-713A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728264
  18. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Hole 115-713A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728248
  19. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 5) Occurrence chart of Paleogene diatom species in ODP Hole 115-714A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728265
  20. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Hole 115-714A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728249
  21. Fenner, JM; Mikkelsen, N (1990): (Table 2) Diatom abundance and nannofossil and diatom zonation of ODP Hole 115-715A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728250