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Zimmer, Florian; Nicolaus, Marcel; Salganik, Evgenii; Tao, Ran; Schiller, Martin; Elmaleh, Coralie: Spectral solar radiation over and under the sea ice, spectral transmittance and transflectance and sea ice draft measured by the Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Beast during the CONTRASTS expedition [dataset bundled publication]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996560 (dataset in review)

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Abstract:
Measurements of solar radiation over and under sea ice, spectral transmittance and transflectance and sea ice draft have been performed during the Polarstern Expedition CONTRASTS (PS149) to the Arctic Ocean. Measurements were conducted during repeated visits to three distinct Arctic sea-ice regimes using the Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) "Beast".
All radiation measurements have been performed with RAMSES spectral radiometers (TriOS, Rastede, Germany). All data are given in full spectral resolution interpolated to 1.0 nm, and integrated over the entire wavelength range (broadband, total: 320 to 950 nm). Two sensors were mounted on the ROV and one radiometer was installed on the sea ice or the ship's crow's nest for surface reference measurements (solar irradiance). On the ROV, one irradiance sensor (cos-collector) for energy budget calculations and one radiance sensor (7° opening angle) to obtain high resolution spatial variability were installed. Along with the radiation measurements, ROV positions were obtained from acoustic LBL (Long BaseLine)-positioning and all parameters of vehicle depth, distance to the ice and attitude recorded.
The distance between a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the sea-ice underside was measured by a single-beam upward-looking acoustic sonar altimeter (Tritech PA500) attached to the ROV. Sea-ice draft was derived by subtracting the distance to the sea-ice underside from the ROV depth, uncorrected for ROV attitude (pitch, roll). An offset between the depth reference (ROV bumper bars) and the altimeter of 0.105 m is accounted for in the presented data. All times are given in UTC.
Keyword(s):
Arctic sea ice; BEAST; CONTRASTS; Polarstern; PS149; Remotely operated vehicle (ROV); sea ice draft; shortwave radiation; transmittance
Related to:
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (2017): Polar Research and Supply Vessel POLARSTERN operated by the Alfred-Wegener-Institute. Journal of large-scale research facilities JLSRF, 3, A119, https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163
Katlein, Christian; Schiller, Martin; Belter, Hans Jakob; Coppolaro, Veronica; Wenslandt, David; Nicolaus, Marcel (2017): A New Remotely Operated Sensor Platform for Interdisciplinary Observations under Sea Ice. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, 281, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00281
Nicolaus, Marcel (2026): The Expedition PS149 of the Research Vessel POLARSTERN to the Arctic Ocean in 2025. Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on Polar and Marine Research, 808, 382 pp, https://doi.org/10.57738/BZPM_0808_2026
Nicolaus, Marcel; Hudson, Stephen R; Gerland, Sebastian; Munderloh, Karin (2010): A modern concept for autonomous and continuous measurements of spectral albedo and transmittance of sea ice. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 62(1), 14-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.03.001
Other version:
Zimmer, Florian; Nicolaus, Marcel; Salganik, Evgenii; Tao, Ran; Schiller, Martin; Elmaleh, Coralie: Spectral solar radiation over and under the sea ice, spectral transmittance and transflectance and sea ice draft measured by the Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Beast during the CONTRASTS expedition in matlab format [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.997493
Project(s):
Arctic Amplification (AC3)
Funding:
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI), grant/award no. AWI_PS149_01: Sea Ice Physics (CONTRASTS)
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 268020496: TRR 172: ArctiC Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and SurfaCe Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms
Horizon Europe (HorizonEU), grant/award no. 101135051: Arctic pollution in a One Health perspective – from complex challenges to sustainable solutions
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 83.677572 * Median Longitude: 9.731088 * South-bound Latitude: 82.338960 * West-bound Longitude: -17.932600 * North-bound Latitude: 85.022741 * East-bound Longitude: 34.147091
Date/Time Start: 2025-07-06T14:06:00 * Date/Time End: 2025-08-30T12:14:00
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (License comes into effect after moratorium ends)
Size:
77 datasets

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Datasets listed in this bundled publication

  1. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_13-1 on 2025-07-11, survey 3. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996561
  2. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_13-1 on 2025-07-11, survey 3. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996636
  3. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_13-1 on 2025-07-11, survey 3. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996587
  4. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_13-1 on 2025-07-11, survey 3. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996784
  5. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_13-1 on 2025-07-11, survey 3. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996823
  6. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_13-1 on 2025-07-11, survey 3. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996689
  7. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from CONTRASTS/PS149_13-1 on 2025-07-11, survey 3. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996729
  8. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_16-1 on 2025-07-16, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996569
  9. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_16-1 on 2025-07-16, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996664
  10. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_16-1 on 2025-07-16, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996610
  11. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_16-1 on 2025-07-16, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996797
  12. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_16-1 on 2025-07-16, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996825
  13. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_16-1 on 2025-07-16, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996690
  14. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from CONTRASTS/PS149_16-1 on 2025-07-16, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996730
  15. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_18-1 on 2025-07-22, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996574
  16. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_18-1 on 2025-07-22, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996671
  17. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_18-1 on 2025-07-22, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996611
  18. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_18-1 on 2025-07-22, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996798
  19. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_18-1 on 2025-07-22, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996826
  20. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_18-1 on 2025-07-22, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996692
  21. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_18-1 on 2025-07-22, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996731
  22. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_21-1 on 2025-07-27, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996575
  23. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_21-1 on 2025-07-27, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996672
  24. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_21-1 on 2025-07-27, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996612
  25. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_21-1 on 2025-07-27, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996799
  26. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_21-1 on 2025-07-27, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996827
  27. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_21-1 on 2025-07-27, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996693
  28. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_21-1 on 2025-07-27, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996732
  29. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_25-1 on 2025-07-31, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996572
  30. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_25-1 on 2025-07-31, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996674
  31. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_25-1 on 2025-07-31, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996609
  32. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_25-1 on 2025-07-31, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996806
  33. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_25-1 on 2025-07-31, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996828
  34. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_25-1 on 2025-07-31, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996694
  35. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from CONTRASTS/PS149_25-1 on 2025-07-3, survey 2. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996738
  36. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_30-1 on 2025-08-04, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996573
  37. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_30-1 on 2025-08-04, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996675
  38. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_30-1 on 2025-08-04, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996605
  39. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_30-1 on 2025-08-04, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996812
  40. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_30-1 on 2025-08-04, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996829
  41. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_30-1 on 2025-08-04, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996696
  42. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_30-1 on 2025-08-04, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996739
  43. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_32-1 on 2025-08-09, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996576
  44. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_32-1 on 2025-08-09, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996685
  45. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_32-1 on 2025-08-09 survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996603
  46. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_32-1 on 2025-08-09, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996815
  47. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_32-1 on 2025-08-09, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996831
  48. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_32-1 on 2025-08-09, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996697
  49. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from CONTRASTS/PS149_32-1 on 2025-08-09, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996741
  50. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_36-1 on 2025-08-12, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996571
  51. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_36-1 on 2025-08-12, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996687
  52. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_36-1 on 2025-08-12, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996604
  53. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_36-1 on 2025-08-12, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996816
  54. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_36-1 on 2025-08-12, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996830
  55. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_36-1 on 2025-08-12, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996688
  56. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from CONTRASTS/PS149_36-1 on 2025-08-12, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996740
  57. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_41-1 on 2025-08-17, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996579
  58. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_41-1 on 2025-08-17, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996679
  59. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_41-1 on 2025-08-17, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996607
  60. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_41-1 on 2025-08-17, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996817
  61. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_41-1 on 2025-08-17, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996832
  62. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_41-1 on 2025-08-17, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996698
  63. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from CONTRASTS/PS149_41-1 on 2025-08-17, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996742
  64. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_46-1 on 2025-08-23, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996578
  65. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_46-1 on 2025-08-23, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996686
  66. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_46-1 on 2025-08-23, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996606
  67. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_46-1 on 2025-08-23, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996818
  68. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_46-1 on 2025-08-23, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996833
  69. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar radiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transflectance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_46-1 on 2025-08-23, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996701
  70. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Fraction of spectral solar irradiance transmitted through snow and sea ice as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmittance) from CONTRASTS/PS149_46-1 on 2025-08-23, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996745
  71. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Distance between ROV and sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_47-1 on 2025-08-26, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996577
  72. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Incident spectral solar irradiance measured above sea ice from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_47-1 on 2025-08-26, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996681
  73. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Positioning and telemetry from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_47-1 on 2025-08-26, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996608
  74. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar irradiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted irradiance) from ROV CONTRASTS/PS149_47-1 on 2025-08-26, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996819
  75. Zimmer, F; Nicolaus, M; Salganik, E et al. (in review): Downward spectral solar radiance as measured in different depths under sea ice (transmitted radiance) from ROV survey CONTRASTS/PS149_47-1 on 2025-08-26, survey 1. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996820
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