Webster, Jody M; Ravelo, Ana Christina; Grant, Hannah; Stewart, Margaret S; Rydzy, Marisa; Le Ber, Erwan; Allison, Nicola; Asami, Ryuji; Boston, Brian; Braga, Juan-Carlos; Brenner, Logan; Chen, Xuefei; Chutcharavan, Peter; Dutton, Andrea; Felis, Thomas; Fukuyo, Naoto; Gischler, Eberhard; Greve, Sahra; Hagen, Amy; Hamon, Youri; Hathorne, Ed C; Humblet, Marc; Jorry, Stephan J; Khanna, Pankaj; McGregor, Helen V; Mortlock, Richard A; Nohl, Theresa; Potts, Donald C; Prohaska, Ana; Prouty, Nancy G; Renema, Willem; Rubin, Kenna Harmony; Westphal, Hildegard; Yokoyama, Yusuke (2025): Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 389-M0099G [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.987656
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Published: 2025-11-25 • DOI registered: 2025-12-24
Abstract:
Description of lithologic section units from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 389 (Hawaiian Drowned Reefs). The content of this dataset is based on the visual core descriptions (VCD) done by sedimentologists during the onshore phase of expedition 389 (2025-02-06 to 2025-02-26 at the Bremen Core Repository (BCR) hosted at MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen). For digitalization of the information, content of the hand-drawn VCD sheets was transferred into the mobile Drilling Information System (mDIS) database. The present dataset forms the basis for the digital lithologic columns and composite plots archived under the titles Visual core description of IODP Hole 389-M00###.
For further methodological information see methods chapter in Webster, J.M. et al., 2025 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.2025
Keyword(s):
Related to:
Webster, Jody M; Ravelo, Ana Christina; Grant, Hannah; Stewart, Margaret S; Rydzy, Marisa; Le Ber, Erwan; Allison, Nicola; Asami, Ryuji; Boston, Brian; Braga, Juan-Carlos; Brenner, Logan; Chen, Xuefei; Chutcharavan, Peter; Dutton, Andrea; Felis, Thomas; Fukuyo, Naoto; Gischler, Eberhard; Greve, Sahra; Hagen, Amy; Hamon, Youri; Hathorne, Ed C; Humblet, Marc; Jorry, Stephan J; Khanna, Pankaj; McGregor, Helen V; Mortlock, Richard A; Nohl, Theresa; Potts, Donald C; Prohaska, Ana; Prouty, Nancy G; Renema, Willem; Rubin, Kenna Harmony; Westphal, Hildegard; Yokoyama, Yusuke (2025): Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, International Ocean Discovery Program, 389, https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.2025
Project(s):
Coverage:
Latitude: 19.835295 * Longitude: -156.092467
Date/Time Start: 2023-10-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2023-10-23T00:00:00
Minimum Elevation: -146.3 m * Maximum Elevation: -146.3 m
Event(s):
389-M0099G (KAW-02Cg) * Latitude: 19.835295 * Longitude: -156.092467 * Date/Time Start: 2023-10-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2023-10-23T00:00:00 * Elevation: -146.3 m * Location: Hawaii, USA * Campaign: Exp389 (Hawaiian Drowned Reefs (HDR)) * Basis: MMA Valour * Method/Device: Benthic Portable Remotely Operated Drill (PROD5) * Comment: IGSN: IBCR0389EH56101. Spatial reference system (SRS): 4326. Comment: LAT water depth: 145.7 m. Washed to 25.88m. Core 32 to advance the hole aborted. Borehole terminated as per client request.
Comment:
Data was submitted and proofread by Vera Barbara Bender, MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (University Bremen) on behalf of ECORD Science Operator Data Management (https://www.ecord.org).
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | ||||
| 2 | Sample code/label | Sample label | DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation | |||
| 3 | Depth, composite top | Depth comp top | mcd | MCD Interval Top [m] | ||
| 4 | Depth, composite bottom | Depth comp bot | mcd | MCD Interval Bottom [m] | ||
| 5 | Lithologic unit/sequence | Unit | Visual description | |||
| 6 | Lithologic unit/sequence | Unit | Visual description | Rock Class | ||
| 7 | Lithology/composition/facies | Lithology | Visual description | Short description | ||
| 8 | Color description | Color desc | Visual description | Munsell Rock Color Chart Code | ||
| 9 | Minerals | Minerals | Visual description | Major Minerals | ||
| 10 | Core disturbance | Disturbance | Visual description | |||
| 11 | Grain size description | Grain size descr | Visual description | |||
| 12 | Bioturbation | Bioturbation | Visual description | Bioturbation Intensity | ||
| 13 | Bioturbation | Bioturbation | Visual description | Bioturbation Taphonomy | ||
| 14 | Fossils | Fossils | Visual description | |||
| 15 | Lithology/composition/facies | Lithology | Visual description | Main description |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
486 data points
Data
| 1 Event | 2 Sample label (DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation) | 3 Depth comp top [mcd] (MCD Interval Top [m]) | 4 Depth comp bot [mcd] (MCD Interval Bottom [m]) | 5 Unit (Visual description) | 6 Unit (Rock Class, Visual description) | 7 Lithology (Short description, Visual des...) | 8 Color desc (Munsell Rock Color Chart Code...) | 9 Minerals (Major Minerals, Visual descri...) | 10 Disturbance (Visual description) | 11 Grain size descr (Visual description) | 12 Bioturbation (Bioturbation Intensity, Visua...) | 13 Bioturbation (Bioturbation Taphonomy, Visua...) | 14 Fossils (Visual description) | 15 Lithology (Main description, Visual desc...) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-1R-1,0-52 | 25.88 | 26.40 | FRW-AlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone;carbonate sedimentary rock | N9 | high | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Serp;Vermetidae;Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Homotrema | Core strongly brecciated with a crumbly, altered aspect. Crushed CCA with fragments of CCA (cm-sized) in a coarse-sand sized matrix of fragmented CCA. Some Vermertids and Homotrema | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-1R-1,52-60 | 26.40 | 26.48 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | 10YR 8/6;N9 | aragonite;calcite | high | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Porites-branching | Fragments of coral encrusted by coralline algae (thin). Borings | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-2R-1,0-30 | 30.89 | 31.19 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | carbonate sedimentary rock;boundstone | 10YR 8/2;5Y 8/4 | high | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Coralline algae;Porites-submassive;Porites-branching;Coral-undetermined | Highly disturbed core. Brecciated Some clasts of corals, rare CCA | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-3R-1,28-47 | 31.61 | 31.80 | FRW-AlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone;carbonate sedimentary rock | N9 | moderate | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Serp;Vermetidae;Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Homotrema | Algal Bst + fragments of Porites. Borings with geopetals | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-3R-1,0-28 | 31.33 | 31.61 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | carbonate sedimentary rock;boundstone | 10YR 8/2;5Y 8/4 | moderate | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Coralline algae;Coral-submassive | Brecciated top. Coralgal boundstone with submassive Porites + CCA crusts (with some geopetals) | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-4R-1,0-145 | 32.03 | 33.48 | FRW-AlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone;carbonate sedimentary rock | N9 | slight | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Serp;Vermetidae;Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Pocillopora-branching;Cyphastrea-undetermined;Montipora-undetermined;Porites-undetermined | Thick interval of CCA+FCA crust with many branches of coral and encrusting corals. Thin microbilaite crusts in cavities. | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-5R-1,0-48 | 34.34 | 34.82 | FRW-AlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone;carbonate sedimentary rock | N9 | slight | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Serp;Vermetidae;Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Homotrema | Several tens of cm thick composite algal crusts (CCA+FCA) with vermetids and srpulids Thin microbialite crusts capping the algal crusts | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-6R-1,0-36 | 34.93 | 35.29 | FRW-MicrobAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | high | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Porites-undetermined;Echinoderm | Highly disturbed core CCA + microbialite crusts Fragmented corals at the top (ISX). | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-7R-1,0-35 | 35.27 | 35.62 | FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | high | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Porites-branching;Porites-undetermined;Sabellaridae | Highly disturbed core Clasts of corals, CCA, microbialite | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-8R-1,0-16 | 36.30 | 36.46 | FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | high | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Porites-undetermined;Porites-branching | Highly disturbed core Clasts of corals, CCA and microbialite Porites branches are bored | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-9R-1,0-27 | 36.89 | 37.16 | FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | aragonite;calcite | high | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Coral-undetermined;Porites-submassive | Highly disturbed core Clasts of corals , CCA+FCA and microbialite | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-10R-1,0-56 | 37.19 | 37.75 | FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | high | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Echinoderm;Gastropod;Porites-branching;Porites-columnar;Porites-undetermined | Coralgal microbialite Bst with robust branching to columnar coral in a CCA crust with a crumbly, altered aspect. Thin microbialite crusts in cavities | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-11R-1,0-71 | 38.20 | 38.91 | FRW-CorAlgMicrobBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | carbonate sedimentary rock;boundstone | 10YR 8/2;5Y 8/4 | aragonite;calcite | moderate | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Coralline algae;Porites-undetermined;Porites-columnar;Porites-branching | FWK made of massive coral, encrusted by CCA and thin microbialite. Columnar and branching corals. | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-12R-1,0-133 | 40.95 | 42.28 | FRW-AlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone;carbonate sedimentary rock | N9 | slight | none | encrustation - multilayered;bioerosion | Serp;Vermetidae;Coralline algae;Echinoderm;Porites-branching;Cyphastrea-encrusting;Coral-undetermined;Homotrema | Several tens of cm thick composite algal crusts (CCA+FCA) with vermetids and srpulids Associated with some laminar and branching corals | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-13R-1,0-12 | 43.70 | 43.82 | FALL | Sedimentary-Carbonate | carbonate sedimentary rock;breccia | N9 | high | none | Extensive drilling disturbance. reworked, brecciated material, possibly with re-coring marks on some debris, at the top of the core Essentially clasts of coral, algal crusts with minor proportion of microbialite clasts. | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-14R-1,0-122 | 44.50 | 45.72 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | aragonite;calcite | slight | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Porites-massive;Vermetidae;Echinoderm;Porites-submassive;Cyphastrea-undetermined | Dominantly massive corals associated with CCA crusts forming FWK with big cavities. Thin microbialite coating in some cavities. | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-15R-1,0-42 | 46.72 | 47.14 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | aragonite;calcite | slight | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Porites-massive;Porites-branching;Gastropod | Dominantly massive and columnar corals associated with CCA+FCA crusts. Some grainy, biodetrital carbonate sand in some cavities. | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-15R-1,82-98 | 47.54 | 47.70 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | aragonite;calcite | slight | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coralline algae;Porites-columnar | Dominantly massive and columnar corals associated with CCA+FCA crusts. | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-15R-1,42-82 | 47.14 | 47.54 | DET-Unconsolidated | Sedimentary-Carbonate | carbonate sedimentary rock;grainstone | 10YR 8/2;N7 | slight | none | bioerosion | Coralline algae;Vermetidae;Bivalve;Echinoderm;Coral-undetermined;Porites-undetermined;Cyphastrea-undetermined | Unconsolidated biodetrital gravelly rubbles of fruticose coralline algae, corals (reworked ?) in a sandy bioclastic matrix (ivalves, echinoids, CCA, coral...) | ||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-16R-1,0-21 | 48.19 | 48.40 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | aragonite;calcite | slight | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Porites-submassive;Coral-branching;Echinoderm;Coralline algae | Branching and sumassive corals associated with CCA crust | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-16R-1,21-81 | 48.40 | 49.00 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | none | none | Massive basalt with submm sized rounded vesicules. A few elongated vesicules. Aphanitic texture | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-16R-1,81-105 | 49.00 | 49.24 | FRW-CorAlgBound | Sedimentary-Carbonate | boundstone | N9;5Y 8/4 | aragonite;calcite | slight | none | bioerosion;encrustation - multilayered | Coral-branching;Coralline algae;Porites-undetermined | Fragments of Corals and branches partially encrusted by CCA. May be reworked | |
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-16R-1,105-118 | 49.24 | 49.37 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | none | none | Blocks of fractured massive basalt | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-16R-1,118-150 | 49.37 | 49.69 | VOL-Clast | Sedimentary-Volcaniclastic | carbonate sedimentary material;basalt | N1;10YR 2/2 | none | very coarse sand;coarse sand | none | Coarse to very-coarse grained volcanoclastic material with a bioclastic fraction. Some oversized pebbles and cobbles of vesicular basalt | |||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-16R-2,0-10 | 49.69 | 49.79 | VOL-Clast | Sedimentary-Volcaniclastic | carbonate sedimentary material;basalt | N1;10YR 2/2 | none | very coarse sand;coarse sand | none | Coarse to very-coarse grained volcanoclastic material with a bioclastic fraction. | |||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-16R-2,10-130 | 49.79 | 50.99 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | none | none | Black vesicular basalt with various abundant medium round vesicules (3-5mm). Some are colesced.Vesicule size reduces downward Aphanitic texture. A brecciated interval between 85-95 cm | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-17R-1,0-33 | 50.99 | 51.32 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | none | none | Black vesicular basalt with various abundant small vesicules (1-2mm) Aphanitic | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-17R-1,33-47 | 51.32 | 51.46 | VOL-Clast | Sedimentary-Volcaniclastic | carbonate sedimentary material;basalt | N1;10YR 2/2 | none | coarse sand;medium sand | none | Medium to Coarse grained volcanoclastic material with a bioclastic fraction. Some oversized pebble to cobble of vesicular basalt | |||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-17R-1,47-140 | 51.46 | 52.39 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | none | none | Hyaloclastite: Altered, reddish, crumbled vesicular basalt with various abundant medium vesicules (3-5mm). Some black pebble to cobble of vesicular basalt A brecciated reddish interval between 110-130 cm | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-17R-2,0-41 | 52.39 | 52.80 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | none | none | Brecciated black vesicular basalt with various abundant small vesicules (1-2mm) | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-18R-1,0-19 | 52.77 | 52.96 | FALL | Sedimentary-Carbonate | carbonate sedimentary rock;breccia | N9 | high | none | Extensive drilling disturbance. reworked, brecciated material, possibly with re-coring marks on some debris, at the top of the core Essentially clasts of coral, algal crusts with minor proportion of microbialite clasts. | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-18R-1,19-62 | 52.96 | 53.39 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | high | none | Brecciated black vesicular basalt . Aphanitic texture, rounded vesicules (1-2mm). High core disturbance Fractured vesicular basalt at the base | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-19R-1,0-12 | 53.24 | 53.36 | FALL | Sedimentary-Carbonate | carbonate sedimentary rock;breccia | N9 | high | none | Extensive drilling disturbance. reworked, brecciated material, possibly with re-coring marks on some debris, at the top of the core Essentially clasts of coral, algal crusts with minor proportion of microbialite clasts. | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-19R-1,12-45 | 53.36 | 53.69 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | moderate | none | Brecciated black vesicular basalt . High core disturbance Fractured vesicular basalt at the base Aphanitic texture, vesicules 2-4 mm, oblong, non coalesced | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-20R-1,0-52 | 53.62 | 54.14 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N1 | slight | none | Fractured vesicular basalt Aphanitic texture. Vesicules are rounded, 1-3 mm in diameter | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-23R-1,0-77 | 55.48 | 56.25 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | olivine;Pyroxene | moderate | none | Aphanitic basalt in the top 15 cm. Then porphyritic (olivine and pyroxene crystals) basalt with aphanitic matrix. Round bubbles, whose density decreases downhole. Alteration at the base. | |||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-24R-1,0-18 | 55.99 | 56.17 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | high | none | Fragments of mostly aphanitic basalt , one fragment porphyritic. Round bubbles. | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-25R-1,0-60 | 56.22 | 56.82 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | olivine;Pyroxene | none | none | Porphyritic basalt with aphanitic matrix. Few large coalesced bubbles in the upper 40 cm; numerous small bubbles in the lower 20 cm, few coalesced. | |||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-26R-1,0-22 | 57.56 | 57.78 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | high | none | Fragments of porphyritic basalt with few large crystals and aphanitic matrix. Bubbles mostly rounded and small. | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-27R-1,0-42 | 58.86 | 59.28 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | olivine;Pyroxene | moderate | none | Porphyritic basalt with olivine and pyroxene crystals and aphanitic matrix. Bubbles rounded and small; some large and irregular. | |||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-29R-1,0-21 | 62.42 | 62.63 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | high | none | Fragments of porphyritic (few large crystals) basalt with aphanitic matrix. Bubbles mostly rounded mm-sized, few elongated bubbles (cm-sized). | ||||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-30R-1,0-44 | 63.05 | 63.49 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | Pyroxene | moderate | none | Porphyritic (large crystals of pyroxene ) basalt with aphanitic matrix. Few bubbles mostly rounded mm-sized. | |||
| 389-M0099G | 389-M0099G-31R-1,0-48 | 65.80 | 66.28 | VOL-Basalt | Igneous-Volcanic-Mafic | basalt | N3 | Pyroxene;olivine | high | none | Fragments of porphyritic (large crystals of pyroxene and olivine ) basalt with aphanitic matrix. Bubbles mostly rounded mm-sized. Few glassy fragments |