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Belo, Julie (2025): Major element glass data of marine tephras from sediment core M141/1_1140-1 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.987019, In: Belo, J (2025): Major element glass data of marine tephras around São Miguel Island, Azores [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.986779

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Published: 2025-10-27DOI registered: 2025-11-25

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Abstract:
A total of 44 gravity cores were collected in the Azores region in 2017, during the R/V Meteor cruise M141/1. Based on their length, content in tephra layers, and spatial distribution around São Miguel, 22 cores have been carefully selected as the most representative to gain insights on the volcanic history and the depositional marine environment around the islands of the eastern group of the archipelago. In total, 454 samples from 350 ash- or pumice/scoria/lapilli- bearing horizons were examined. Here we present the major element glass data of the Pleistocene to Holocene marine tephra record around the eastern islands of the Azores. Marine lapilli samples were cleaned in an ultrasonic bath and then crushed. All ash samples and the previously crushed lapilli samples were wet-sieved into different grain size fractions. The 125-63 microns fraction was embedded with epoxy in pre-drilled acrylic mounts and polished for geochemical micro-analyses. Major and minor element compositions of glass shards were conducted using a JEOL JXA 8200 wavelength dispersive EMP at GEOMAR Helmholtz-Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany.
Every 60 individual glass shards analyses were bracketed by a set of four standard analyses. We analyzed 15–25 single glass shards per sample (~7,000 analyses in total). Outliers with totals below 92 wt.%, as well as accidental mineral analyses were removed from the dataset.
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 509166013: VolClimA
Coverage:
Latitude: 36.370833 * Longitude: -25.546167
Date/Time Start: 2017-09-12T17:28:00 * Date/Time End: 2017-09-12T17:28:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.65 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 1.15 m
Event(s):
M141/1_1140-1 * Latitude: 36.370833 * Longitude: -25.546167 * Date/Time: 2017-09-12T17:28:00 * Elevation: -4000.7 m * Campaign: M141/1 * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: Gravity corer (GC)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmBelo, JulieGeocode
Depth commentDepth commBelo, Juliein cm
Sample code/labelSample labelBelo, Julie
Sodium oxideNa2O%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
Potassium oxideK2O%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
Iron oxide, Fe2O3Fe2O3%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
Silicon dioxideSiO2%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
Titanium dioxideTiO2%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
Magnesium oxideMgO%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
10 Calcium oxideCaO%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
11 Manganese oxideMnO%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
12 Aluminium oxideAl2O3%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
13 Phosphorus pentoxideP2O5%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
14 Elements, totalTotal%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
15 Sodium oxideNa2O%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
16 Potassium oxideK2O%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
17 Iron oxide, Fe2O3Fe2O3%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
18 Silicon dioxideSiO2%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
19 Titanium dioxideTiO2%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
20 Magnesium oxideMgO%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
21 Calcium oxideCaO%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
22 Manganese oxideMnO%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
23 Aluminium oxideAl2O3%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
24 Phosphorus pentoxideP2O5%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
25 Elements, totalTotal%Belo, JulieElectron microprobe JEOL JXA-8200
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
2544 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Depth sed [m]

Depth comm
(in cm)

Sample label

Na2O [%]

K2O [%]

Fe2O3 [%]

SiO2 [%]

TiO2 [%]

MgO [%]
10 
CaO [%]
11 
MnO [%]
12 
Al2O3 [%]
13 
P2O5 [%]
14 
Total [%]
15 
Na2O [%]
16 
K2O [%]
17 
Fe2O3 [%]
18 
SiO2 [%]
19 
TiO2 [%]
20 
MgO [%]
21 
CaO [%]
22 
MnO [%]
23 
Al2O3 [%]
24 
P2O5 [%]
25 
Total [%]
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-18.275.563.6662.050.630.270.820.3717.730.0299.388.325.593.6862.440.630.280.830.3717.840.02100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-27.465.473.3763.770.560.380.840.2717.320.0599.507.505.503.3964.090.560.390.850.2817.410.05100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-46.485.752.0562.410.570.280.960.1317.160.0495.826.766.002.1465.130.590.301.000.1417.910.04100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-56.746.192.9063.820.570.410.990.0817.780.0399.516.776.222.9164.130.580.410.990.0817.870.03100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-66.136.312.2461.880.640.431.380.1617.630.0496.836.336.522.3163.900.660.441.420.1618.210.04100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-76.955.132.6262.340.660.481.370.1918.000.0797.817.115.242.6863.740.670.491.400.2018.400.07100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-87.475.423.3963.070.600.420.890.3017.480.0799.117.545.473.4263.640.600.420.900.3017.640.07100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-97.255.933.3963.500.570.330.980.2218.080.04100.297.235.913.3863.310.570.330.980.2218.030.04100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-106.936.193.1762.750.580.401.140.1817.900.0699.316.986.233.1963.190.580.401.150.1818.020.07100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-116.226.462.6262.910.690.431.320.1518.060.0698.926.296.532.6563.600.700.431.330.1518.260.07100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-126.776.472.3163.260.620.311.240.0717.910.0699.026.846.532.3363.890.620.311.250.0718.090.06100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-136.225.973.0762.830.600.460.960.1417.020.0997.356.396.133.1564.540.610.470.980.1417.480.09100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-146.166.612.3162.700.700.381.370.1218.080.0798.506.256.712.3563.660.710.381.390.1218.360.07100
0.6565-67M141-1140-65-67-157.035.372.5763.130.680.521.380.1918.170.0499.087.095.422.5963.710.690.521.390.1918.340.05100
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0.6565-67 stddevM141-1140-65-67 stddev0.620.470.510.590.050.070.220.080.370.021.220.580.490.500.630.050.070.220.080.320.020
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-16.496.362.9064.020.680.391.240.2118.170.04100.506.466.332.8963.700.680.391.240.2118.080.04100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-26.416.302.4364.000.600.321.160.0917.800.0199.126.476.362.4564.570.610.321.170.0917.960.01100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-47.036.192.5963.570.610.271.120.1817.840.0699.467.076.222.6063.920.610.271.120.1817.940.06100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-56.565.582.6762.320.430.220.970.2117.160.0396.166.825.802.7864.810.450.231.010.2217.850.04100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-67.025.533.0363.830.550.350.890.1816.960.0798.407.135.623.0864.870.560.350.900.1817.240.07100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-96.486.182.3262.640.560.271.230.1417.530.0197.356.666.352.3864.340.580.281.260.1418.010.01100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-116.785.772.9363.100.610.361.380.1318.070.0899.216.835.822.9563.600.610.371.390.1418.210.08100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-136.275.902.1761.860.600.291.110.1216.990.0495.356.586.192.2864.880.630.301.170.1317.820.04100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-146.725.942.5461.330.550.291.110.2317.580.0596.346.986.172.6463.660.570.301.160.2418.250.05100
0.6868-70M141-1140-68-70-156.276.642.4163.620.610.371.440.0918.400.0699.916.286.652.4163.680.610.371.440.0918.420.06100
0.6868-70 averageM141-1140-68-70 average6.606.042.6063.030.580.311.170.1617.650.0498.186.736.152.6564.200.590.321.190.1617.980.05100
0.6868-70 stddevM141-1140-68-70 stddev0.280.360.280.950.060.050.170.050.500.021.770.290.310.270.550.060.050.160.050.320.020
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-16.096.342.5462.260.630.371.170.1217.730.0797.316.266.522.6163.980.650.381.200.1218.220.07100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-27.944.984.2564.810.230.140.730.3815.780.0399.278.005.024.2865.290.230.140.730.3815.900.03100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-36.026.552.7862.720.810.551.620.1118.130.0999.396.066.592.8063.110.820.551.630.1218.240.09100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-46.276.592.3564.250.610.341.170.1217.870.0699.636.296.612.3664.490.610.341.170.1217.940.06100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-56.725.362.8561.020.650.461.270.2117.460.0596.057.005.582.9763.530.680.481.320.2218.180.05100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-67.865.034.0863.990.240.140.700.3615.960.0498.417.995.114.1565.030.250.140.710.3716.220.04100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-76.235.642.5362.430.380.200.950.1917.230.0395.816.505.892.6465.160.390.210.990.2017.980.03100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-87.045.262.4664.160.440.360.930.2017.570.0398.467.155.342.5065.160.450.370.950.2017.840.03100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-126.656.283.0363.540.550.350.990.0917.500.0399.026.726.343.0664.170.560.351.000.1017.670.03100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-137.545.173.4763.720.310.160.780.2317.070.0098.457.665.253.5264.720.320.160.790.2317.340.00100
0.7171-72M141-1140-71-72-157.365.333.7764.620.440.240.770.2016.070.0498.847.455.393.8165.380.450.240.780.2116.260.04100
0.7171-72 averageM141-1140-71-72 average6.885.683.1063.410.480.301.010.2017.120.0498.247.015.793.1564.550.490.311.030.2117.440.04100
0.7171-72 stddevM141-1140-71-72 stddev0.710.630.681.170.190.140.280.100.820.021.300.700.630.680.760.190.140.280.100.890.020
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-16.955.833.1962.820.520.350.980.2317.740.0498.677.045.913.2363.670.530.361.000.2417.980.04100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-26.146.312.5962.880.570.351.170.2217.600.0297.846.286.452.6564.270.580.351.190.2217.990.02100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-56.705.752.9063.180.560.431.400.2318.070.0499.266.755.792.9263.650.570.441.410.2318.200.04100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-66.615.842.6362.870.550.360.880.2217.260.0197.236.806.012.7064.660.570.370.900.2317.750.01100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-76.765.913.0862.930.550.451.330.2018.050.0499.306.815.953.1063.370.550.461.340.2018.180.04100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-86.176.532.4563.780.610.351.160.1417.690.0598.936.246.602.4864.470.620.351.180.1417.880.05100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-96.875.432.7461.630.470.240.920.2117.000.0495.557.195.682.8764.500.490.250.960.2217.790.04100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-107.126.183.0962.580.560.331.120.2018.070.0899.337.176.223.1163.000.570.331.130.2018.190.08100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-116.586.192.1563.750.560.271.000.1817.760.0398.476.686.292.1864.740.570.281.010.1818.040.03100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-127.205.333.3162.440.470.290.800.1916.710.0196.747.445.513.4264.540.490.300.820.2017.270.01100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-137.135.573.7963.840.500.350.940.2817.180.0599.647.165.593.8064.070.510.350.950.2817.240.05100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-145.966.492.7562.350.860.551.570.1418.090.1398.886.036.562.7863.060.870.551.590.1418.290.13100
0.7373-75 averageM141-1140-73-75 average6.685.952.8962.920.570.361.110.2017.600.0498.326.806.052.9464.000.580.371.120.2117.900.04100
0.7373-75 stddevM141-1140-73-75 stddev0.410.400.440.650.100.080.230.040.470.031.240.440.380.430.630.100.080.230.040.340.030
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-47.774.725.5864.540.500.230.620.3113.700.0397.997.934.825.6965.870.510.230.630.3213.980.03100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-157.724.895.6464.730.500.270.610.4414.220.0299.047.794.945.6965.350.500.270.620.4514.360.02100
0.7373-75M141-1140-73-75-37.535.004.7364.830.520.230.630.3014.980.0198.757.625.064.7965.650.530.230.640.3015.170.01100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-16.835.642.9863.070.670.411.400.2217.740.0799.026.905.703.0163.690.670.421.410.2217.920.07100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-26.326.712.5162.160.640.321.380.0918.030.0598.216.446.832.5663.290.650.331.400.0918.360.05100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-36.406.572.8162.820.610.371.300.1118.100.0399.126.466.632.8463.380.620.371.310.1118.260.03100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-47.345.803.1463.740.500.240.910.2117.500.0399.427.385.833.1664.110.500.240.920.2117.600.03100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-67.445.403.0863.870.390.180.790.2616.890.0498.347.575.493.1364.950.400.180.810.2617.180.04100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-88.125.294.6560.900.530.320.850.4316.640.0497.768.315.414.7662.290.540.330.870.4417.020.05100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-96.595.472.5263.790.360.210.920.2116.510.0696.636.825.662.6166.010.370.210.950.2217.090.06100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-107.455.174.4764.650.480.300.690.2415.580.0199.057.525.224.5165.270.480.310.700.2415.730.01100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-117.505.702.7263.350.520.240.860.2617.540.0298.727.605.772.7664.170.530.240.870.2617.770.02100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-126.156.622.8363.310.650.431.220.1717.860.0499.286.196.672.8563.770.660.431.230.1717.990.04100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-136.366.442.4663.940.620.351.110.1317.900.0699.366.406.482.4864.350.630.351.110.1318.020.06100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-146.226.682.7063.160.680.391.260.1517.920.0799.236.276.732.7263.650.680.401.270.1618.060.07100
0.8484-86M141-1140-84-86-156.546.282.5463.810.510.231.080.1618.040.0799.256.596.332.5664.290.510.231.080.1618.180.07100
0.8484-86 averageM141-1140-84-86 average6.875.983.0363.270.550.311.060.2017.400.0598.726.966.063.0764.100.560.311.070.2117.630.05100
0.8484-86 stddevM141-1140-84-86 stddev0.630.580.710.940.100.080.240.090.770.020.810.650.570.730.950.100.080.240.090.720.020
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-16.246.742.6763.140.640.431.460.1718.150.0499.686.266.762.6863.340.640.431.460.1718.210.04100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-26.605.443.3962.130.420.240.810.1516.760.0095.946.885.673.5364.760.440.250.850.1517.470.00100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-37.485.403.1963.640.390.230.900.1817.530.0498.977.565.463.2264.310.390.230.910.1817.710.04100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-46.226.592.4362.600.590.351.440.1518.180.0498.596.316.682.4663.500.600.351.460.1518.440.04100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-56.216.462.4762.230.510.261.420.0817.830.0297.496.376.632.5363.830.520.261.460.0818.290.02100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-66.815.803.2764.080.430.311.010.1517.670.0399.576.845.823.2864.360.430.311.020.1517.750.04100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-76.545.632.9661.750.420.271.020.1216.780.0295.516.855.893.1064.650.440.291.070.1317.570.02100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-87.025.813.4464.380.460.270.980.1517.510.04100.067.025.813.4464.340.460.270.980.1517.500.04100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-95.986.752.4763.300.670.331.410.1318.350.0599.436.016.792.4863.660.670.331.420.1318.460.05100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-107.555.323.7264.520.380.170.710.2316.860.0299.497.595.353.7464.850.380.170.720.2416.950.02100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-116.106.682.5862.850.630.371.400.1318.340.0399.116.156.742.6063.410.640.371.410.1318.500.03100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-127.605.383.5963.210.350.160.770.2417.050.0598.407.725.473.6564.240.350.160.780.2517.330.05100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-137.084.933.6161.230.330.140.830.1816.400.0194.747.475.203.8164.630.350.150.880.1917.310.01100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-146.895.743.3463.880.440.230.910.1517.250.0598.886.975.803.3864.600.440.230.930.1617.450.05100
1.15115-117M141-1140-115-117-156.096.402.4961.550.600.331.490.1318.080.0697.216.266.582.5663.310.620.341.530.1318.600.06100
1.15115-117 averageM141-1140-115-117 average6.695.943.0462.970.480.271.110.1617.520.0398.206.826.043.1064.120.490.281.120.1617.830.03100
1.15115-117 stddevM141-1140-115-117 stddev0.560.610.481.040.110.080.290.040.640.021.660.570.580.500.550.110.080.290.040.530.020
ccM141-1140-cc-16.366.542.5063.350.650.301.290.0817.880.0799.026.426.602.5263.980.660.311.300.0818.060.07100
ccM141-1140-cc-27.465.583.8163.310.530.420.910.3117.290.0499.677.485.603.8263.520.540.420.920.3117.350.04100
ccM141-1140-cc-36.456.592.3163.310.620.301.200.1118.180.0399.116.516.652.3363.880.620.301.210.1218.340.03100
ccM141-1140-cc-46.105.023.0360.320.830.602.160.2317.540.0995.926.365.233.1662.890.860.622.250.2418.290.09100
ccM141-1140-cc-65.696.542.6462.550.770.551.750.1117.620.1098.325.796.652.6963.620.790.561.780.1117.920.10100
ccM141-1140-cc-76.206.572.3362.540.660.351.290.2117.910.0998.156.326.692.3763.720.670.361.310.2118.250.09100
ccM141-1140-cc-85.885.702.7463.590.430.281.060.1216.740.0496.596.095.902.8465.840.440.291.100.1317.330.04100
ccM141-1140-cc-96.216.712.3463.640.680.321.340.0318.160.0499.476.246.752.3563.980.690.321.340.0318.260.04100
ccM141-1140-cc-107.035.643.3864.380.520.410.790.1916.980.0799.407.075.673.4064.770.530.410.800.2017.080.07100
ccM141-1140-cc-117.125.813.1363.680.410.300.760.1817.570.0599.007.195.873.1664.320.410.300.770.1817.750.05100
ccM141-1140-cc-126.076.122.2361.910.600.321.090.0617.340.0495.786.346.392.3364.640.620.341.140.0618.100.04100
ccM141-1140-cc-137.764.835.4164.050.530.240.620.4114.210.0598.117.914.925.5165.290.540.240.630.4214.480.05100
ccM141-1140-cc-146.156.492.5662.800.710.441.470.0617.720.0798.476.256.592.6063.770.720.451.490.0617.990.07100
ccM141-1140-cc-156.895.462.8062.370.520.210.880.2117.140.0496.537.145.662.9064.610.540.220.910.2217.760.04100
cc averageM141-1140-cc average6.535.972.9462.990.600.361.190.1717.310.0698.116.656.083.0064.200.620.371.210.1717.640.06100
cc stddevM141-1140-cc stddev0.620.620.841.030.120.110.410.110.990.021.350.600.610.850.770.130.110.430.110.990.020