Citation:

PANGAEA.969124 (DOI registration in progress)

Name: Long-term averages of mean annual temperatures (MAT), the respective summer (July/August) and winter (Dec/Jan) temperatures and δ18Oprecipitation values of 84 European sites (GNIP, IAEA/WMO, 2023)
Published: 2024
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Last Glacial Maximum; Paleotemperature; Phosphate; Seasonality; Sequential sampling; Upper Palaeolithic; δ18O

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Abstract:

The dataset contains long‐term means of δ18Oprecipitation values and temperatures from 84 European sites (GNIP database; IAEA/WMO, 2023), which were used to estimate mean annual (palaeo-) temperatures from the measured oxygen isotope data on horse tooth enamel phosphate. Mean temperatures of the warmest (July/August) and coldest (December/January) periods were considered representative for summer and winter temperatures, respectively, using the peak and trough values of the modelled phosphate data for their calculation.

Keyword(s):

Last Glacial Maximum; Paleotemperature; Phosphate; Seasonality; Sequential sampling; Upper Palaeolithic; δ18O

Related to:

IAEA/WMO (2023): Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation. The GNIP Database. https://nucleus.iaea.org/wiser

Reiss, Lilian; Mayr, Christoph; Pasda, Kerstin; Joachimski, Michael M; Einwögerer, Thomas; Händel, Marc; Maier, Andreas (2024): Seasonal climate variations during Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 2 inferred from high‐resolution oxygen isotope ratios in horse tooth enamel from Lower Austria. Journal of Quaternary Science, 39(4), 531-546, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3613

Funding:

German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 424736737 : Success, limits and failure of subsistence strategies in eastern Central Europe during the early Gravettian and the Last Glacial Maximum

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 47.827317 * Median Longitude: 15.208678 * South-bound Latitude: 36.840000 * West-bound Longitude: -13.840000 * North-bound Latitude: 69.770000 * East-bound Longitude: 113.580000

Date/Time Start: 1949-01-01T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2016-05-13T00:00:00

Minimum Elevation: 0.0 m * Maximum Elevation: 1460.0 m

Event(s):

Amleria_Aeropuerto * Latitude: 36.840000 * Longitude: -2.370000 * Elevation: 10.0 m * Method/Device: Meteorological station

Ancona-Monte_Dago * Latitude: 43.610000 * Longitude: 13.510000 * Elevation: 25.0 m * Method/Device: Meteorological station

Arkona * Latitude: 54.680000 * Longitude: 13.430000 * Elevation: 30.0 m * Method/Device: Meteorological station

Comment:

Temperatures and δ18Oprecipitation values of 84 European sites (GNIP, IAEA/WMO, 2023). Given are long-term averages of mean annual temperatures (MAT) and the respective summer (July/August) and winter (December/January) temperatures.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Reiss, Lilian
2	Station label	Station		Reiss, Lilian
3	Country	Country		Reiss, Lilian
4	Temperature, air, annual mean	MAAT	°C	Reiss, Lilian
5	δ18O, precipitation	δ18O precip	‰ SMOW	Reiss, Lilian	annual mean
6	Number of measurements	n	#	Reiss, Lilian	δ18O precipitation, annual mean
7	Month	Month		Reiss, Lilian
8	Temperature, air, summer	T air sum	°C	Reiss, Lilian
9	Number of measurements	n	#	Reiss, Lilian	temperature, summer
10	δ18O, precipitation	δ18O precip	‰ SMOW	Reiss, Lilian	summer
11	Number of measurements	n	#	Reiss, Lilian	δ18O precipitation, summer
12	Month	Month		Reiss, Lilian
13	Temperature, air, winter	T air wint	°C	Reiss, Lilian
14	Number of measurements	n	#	Reiss, Lilian	temperature, winter
15	δ18O, precipitation	δ18O precip	‰ SMOW	Reiss, Lilian	winter
16	Number of measurements	n	#	Reiss, Lilian	δ18O precipitation, winter
17	Date/Time local	Date/Time local		Reiss, Lilian	last accessed

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

2461 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Station	3 Country	4 MAAT [°C]	5 δ18O precip [‰ SMOW] (annual mean)	6 n [#] (δ18O precipitation, annual mean)	7 Month	8 T air sum [°C]	9 n [#] (temperature, summer)	10 δ18O precip [‰ SMOW] (summer)	11 n [#] (δ18O precipitation, summer)	12 Month	13 T air wint [°C]	14 n [#] (temperature, winter)	15 δ18O precip [‰ SMOW] (winter)	16 n [#] (δ18O precipitation, winter)	17 Date/Time local (last accessed)
Petzenkirchen	PETZENKIRCHEN	Austria	8.7	-9.73	5	July	17.9	5	-5.49	6	December	-0.7	5	-14.52	5	2023-08-09
Petzenkirchen	PETZENKIRCHEN	Austria				August	17.3	5	-6.73	6	January	-0.6	6	-14.39	5	2023-08-09
WMO_11035	VIENNA (HOHE WARTE)	Austria	10.5	-9.57	61	July	20.6	59	-6.25	59	December	1.4	62	-13.34	59	2023-08-09
WMO_11035	VIENNA (HOHE WARTE)	Austria				August	20.1	60	-6.29	60	January	0.1	62	-12.97	58	2023-08-09
WMO_07110	BREST	Belarus	8.0	-10.05	3	July	17.9	4	-8.68	4	December	-0.5	11	-12.48	4	2023-08-09
WMO_07110	BREST	Belarus				August	17.6	4	-5.43	4	January	-3.1	10	-14.40	3	2023-08-09
WMO_26850	MINSK	Belarus	5.8	-11.18	3	July	17.4	4	-8.13	4	December	-3.4	9	-14.58	4	2023-08-09
WMO_26850	MINSK	Belarus				August	16.3	4	-9.43	4	January	-5.8	9	-15.30	3	2023-08-09
CRO0014236	ZAGREB-GRIC	Croatia	12.5	-8.28	8	July	22.1	8	-5.80	8	December	1.9	8	-12.23	7	2023-08-09
CRO0014236	ZAGREB-GRIC	Croatia				August	22.7	7	-6.65	8	January	1.7	8	-12.98	7	2023-08-09
WMO_14240	ZAGREB	Croatia	11.5	-8.81	16	July	21.6	16	-5.70	16	December	2.4	21	-12.10	16	2023-08-09
WMO_14240	ZAGREB	Croatia				August	20.9	15	-6.41	15	January	1.4	20	-11.88	14	2023-08-09
Prague	PRAGUE	Czech Republic	8.7	-9.12	7	July	19.3	2	-6.45	4	December	0.5	2	-11.41	11	2023-08-09
Prague	PRAGUE	Czech Republic				August	18.8	2	-5.91	10	January	0.1	3	-11.32	9	2023-08-09
Uhlirska	UHLIRSKA	Czech Republic	5.8	-9.91	11	July	15.9	6	-7.64	17	December	-2.6	5	-12.28	17	2023-08-09
Uhlirska	UHLIRSKA	Czech Republic				August	14.4	6	-7.57	16	January	-3.0	5	-12.26	16	2023-08-09
Avignon	AVIGNON	France	15.0	-5.62	22	July	25.0	10	-2.96	18	December	6.1	10	-7.24	25	2023-08-09
Avignon	AVIGNON	France				August	23.8	10	-3.89	18	January	5.4	11	-7.32	20	2023-08-09
Cestas-Pierroton	CESTAS-PIERROTON	France	13.3	-5.21	15	July	19.7	16	-4.34	13	December	8.0	16	-6.03	16	2023-08-09
Cestas-Pierroton	CESTAS-PIERROTON	France				August	19.8	16	-4.50	15	January	7.1	15	-5.72	15	2023-08-09
Draix	DRAIX	France	10.1	-8.06	14	July	19.1	17	-5.13	16	December	2.0	18	-11.43	17	2023-08-09
Draix	DRAIX	France				August	19.7	17	-5.17	16	January	1.3	17	-10.77	16	2023-08-09
Arkona	ARKONA	Germany	9.0	-8.75	10	July	17.3	12	-6.91	12	December	3.0	12	-10.58	11	2023-08-09
Arkona	ARKONA	Germany				August	17.8	12	-7.96	11	January	1.7	12	-9.74	11	2023-08-09
Artern	ARTERN	Germany	9.8	-8.58	16	July	19.0	21	-5.84	17	December	2.0	21	-12.09	17	2023-08-09
Artern	ARTERN	Germany				August	18.7	21	-6.33	17	January	0.7	21	-10.73	16	2023-08-09
GeoZentrum_Erlangen	ERLANGEN (GEOZENTRUM)	Germany	10.3	-9.30	8	July	20.2	9	-5.83	8	December	2.4	9	-12.08	9	2023-08-09
GeoZentrum_Erlangen	ERLANGEN (GEOZENTRUM)	Germany				August	19.0	9	-6.39	9	January	1.3	8	-11.51	8	2023-08-09
Garmisch-Partenkirchen	GARMISCH-PARTENKIRCHEN	Germany	7.4	-11.20	30	July	16.7	44	-6.65	36	December	-1.4	44	-14.62	36	2023-08-09
Garmisch-Partenkirchen	GARMISCH-PARTENKIRCHEN	Germany				August	16.2	43	-7.58	36	January	-2.4	44	-14.04	36	2023-08-09
Goerlitz	GOERLITZ	Germany	9.3	-8.67	16	July	18.9	22	-6.40	17	December	1.1	22	-11.64	17	2023-08-09
Goerlitz	GOERLITZ	Germany				August	18.6	22	-6.54	16	January	-0.3	22	-10.98	15	2023-08-09
WMO_10184	GREIFSWALD	Germany	9.3	-8.40	10	July	18.5	17	-6.37	12	December	2.6	17	-10.55	11	2023-08-09
WMO_10184	GREIFSWALD	Germany				August	18.1	17	-7.24	12	January	0.8	17	-10.23	10	2023-08-09
Hof-Hohensaas	HOF-HOHENSAAS	Germany	7.5	-8.78	31	July	16.9	39	-6.41	31	December	-0.3	39	-10.90	31	2023-08-09
Hof-Hohensaas	HOF-HOHENSAAS	Germany				August	16.6	39	-6.46	31	January	-1.5	39	-10.70	31	2023-08-09
WMO_10962	HOHENPEISSENBERG	Germany	7.0	-11.43	33	July	15.5	40	-7.77	33	December	0.2	40	-14.07	33	2023-08-09
WMO_10962	HOHENPEISSENBERG	Germany				August	15.4	40	-7.76	34	January	-0.8	40	-13.80	34	2023-08-09
Kahler_Asten	KAHLER ASTEN	Germany	6.0	-8.84	16	July	14.2	22	-7.30	17	December	-0.8	22	-10.78	16	2023-08-09
Kahler_Asten	KAHLER ASTEN	Germany				August	14.0	22	-7.60	17	January	-2.0	22	-10.10	16	2023-08-09
Koblenz	KOBLENZ	Germany	10.9	-6.94	30	July	19.6	34	-4.43	33	December	3.8	34	-9.62	33	2023-08-09
Koblenz	KOBLENZ	Germany				August	19.1	34	-5.09	33	January	3.0	35	-8.35	32	2023-08-09
Konstanz	KONSTANZ	Germany	10.0	-9.86	36	July	19.5	44	-6.41	36	December	2.0	44	-12.74	36	2023-08-09
Konstanz	KONSTANZ	Germany				August	19.0	44	-6.60	36	January	0.8	44	-11.79	36	2023-08-09
Leipzig	LEIPZIG	Germany	9.5	-8.49	27	July	18.8	38	-6.29	27	December	1.8	39	-11.26	27	2023-08-09
Leipzig	LEIPZIG	Germany				August	18.7	38	-6.25	26	January	0.9		-10.46	26	2023-08-09
Neuherberg	NEUHERBERG	Germany	8.9	-10.27	14	July	18.2	14	-7.46	14	December	0.3	13	-12.85	14	2023-08-09
Neuherberg	NEUHERBERG	Germany				August	18.2	14	-6.73	14	January	-0.4	14	-12.60	14	2023-08-09
Passau-Fuerstenzell	PASSAU-FUERSTENZELL	Germany	8.9	-9.83	16	July	18.5	21	-7.00	17	December	-0.3	21	-12.18	17	2023-08-09
Passau-Fuerstenzell	PASSAU-FUERSTENZELL	Germany				August	18.2	21	-7.20	17	January	-1.5	21	-12.82	16	2023-08-09
Regensburg	REGENSBURG	Germany	9.0	-9.23	36	July	18.9	44	-6.58	36	December	0.5	44	-11.12	36	2023-08-09
Regensburg	REGENSBURG	Germany				August	18.4	44	-6.57	36	January	-0.9	44	-11.86	36	2023-08-09
Seehausen	SEEHAUSEN	Germany	9.7	-8.10	16	July	19.0	22	-6.17	17	December	2.5	22	-11.29	17	2023-08-09
Seehausen	SEEHAUSEN	Germany				August	18.3	22	-6.52	17	January	1.0	22	-10.04	16	2023-08-09
WMO_10739	STUTTGART	Germany	10.1	-8.21	45	July	19.2	61	-5.62	44	December	2.2	61	-10.64	46	2023-08-09
WMO_10739	STUTTGART	Germany				August	18.8	61	-5.70	45	January	1.3	61	-10.12	45	2023-08-09
Trier	TRIER	Germany	9.9	-7.24	36	July	18.6	43	-5.35	36	December	2.8	44	-9.12	36	2023-08-09
Trier	TRIER	Germany				August	18.1	44	-5.73	36	January	1.5	44	-8.39	36	2023-08-09
Wasserkuppe_Rhoen	WASSERKUPPE RHOEN	Germany	5.6	-9.49	36	July	14.3	44	-7.59	36	December	-1.2	44	-11.10	36	2023-08-09
Wasserkuppe_Rhoen	WASSERKUPPE RHOEN	Germany				August	14.2	44	-7.53	36	January	-2.6	44	-10.66	36	2023-08-09
Weil_am_Rhein	WEIL AM RHEIN	Germany	10.4	-8.43	29	July	19.1	12	-5.51	31	December	2.0	11	-11.06	31	2023-08-09
Weil_am_Rhein	WEIL AM RHEIN	Germany				August	18.8	12	-5.62	30	January	2.3	11	-10.39	31	2023-08-09
Wuerzburg	WUERZBURG	Germany	9.8	-8.07	36	July	19.1	45	-5.76	36	December	1.9	45	-10.60	36	2023-08-09
Wuerzburg	WUERZBURG	Germany				August	18.7	45	-5.89	36	January	0.6	45	-9.63	36	2023-08-09
Zinnwald	ZINNWALD	Germany	5.5	-9.73	13	July	15.2	17	-6.91	13	December	-2.4	17	-12.79	13	2023-08-09
Zinnwald	ZINNWALD	Germany				August	14.6	17	-7.47	13	January	-3.7	17	-11.84	13	2023-08-09
Athens-Pendeli	ATHENS-PENDELI	Greece	15.6	-6.16	19	July	25.4	19	-3.15	9	December	8.4	20	-8.22	19	2023-08-09
Athens-Pendeli	ATHENS-PENDELI	Greece				August	25.4	19	-1.69	9	January	6.9	20	-8.47	19	2023-08-09
Athens-Thission	ATHENS-THISSION	Greece	18.9	-5.34	18	July	29.1	19	-4.45	7	December	11.4	21	-7.27	19	2023-08-09
Athens-Thission	ATHENS-THISSION	Greece				August	29.1	19	-3.71	7	January	10.0	20	-7.20	17	2023-08-09
Patras	PATRAS	Greece	18.2	-4.71	18	July	27.1	22	-1.75	6	December	11.9	22	-6.45	21	2023-08-09
Patras	PATRAS	Greece				August	27.5	22	-0.83	6	January	10.3	22	-6.30	20	2023-08-09
Ancona-Monte_Dago	ANCONA-MONTE D'AGO	Italy	16.3	-5.80	7	July	26.3	9	-4.20	6	December	8.1	9	-8.51	7	2023-08-09
Ancona-Monte_Dago	ANCONA-MONTE D'AGO	Italy				August	26.0	9	-3.31	6	January	7.8	9	-7.93	8	2023-08-09
Bologna_CNR	BOLOGNA (CNR)	Italy	14.3	-7.45	4	July	24.8	5	-5.51	4	December	3.8	5	-10.74	4	2023-08-09
Bologna_CNR	BOLOGNA (CNR)	Italy				August	24.9	5	-4.59	4	January	3.9	5	-9.68	4	2023-08-09
Fogliano	FOGLIANO	Italy	16.8	-4.45	2	July	24.3	2	-2.81	3	December	9.6	2	-5.82	4	2023-08-09
Fogliano	FOGLIANO	Italy				August	24.8	2	-3.83	4	January	9.3	2	-5.26	4	2023-08-09
Genoa_Sestri	GENOA (SESTRI)	Italy	14.5	-5.08	25	July	22.4	28	-3.36	28	December	8.2	28	-5.82	29	2023-08-09
Genoa_Sestri	GENOA (SESTRI)	Italy				August	22.4	29	-3.64	21	January	6.6	29	-5.24	28	2023-08-09
Monte-Conero	MONTE CONERO	Italy	14.3	-6.85	8	July	24.1	9	-5.03	7	December	7.0	9	-9.72	9	2023-08-09
Monte-Conero	MONTE CONERO	Italy				August	23.9	9	-4.50	8	January	5.4	9	-9.60	9	2023-08-09
Palermo	PALERMO	Italy	18.1	-5.32	1	July	24.5	2	-2.13	3	December	13.3	2	-6.67	2	2023-08-09
Palermo	PALERMO	Italy				August	23.9	2	-3.05	3	January	12.2	2	-5.07	3	2023-08-09
Pisa_Central	PISA (CENTRAL)	Italy	14.6	-5.11	4	July	23.8	4	-3.66	3	December	8.5	4	-6.60	6	2023-08-09
Pisa_Central	PISA (CENTRAL)	Italy				August	23.8	4	-3.60	4	January	6.1	5	-4.84	6	2023-08-09
Rome-DST	ROME-DST	Italy	17.9	-4.56	4	July	27.0	2	-2.56	4	December	9.6	2	-6.49	4	2023-08-09
Rome-DST	ROME-DST	Italy				August	27.0	2	-3.67	4	January	9.5	3	-6.99	4	2023-08-09
Trieste	TRIESTE	Italy	13.6	-7.05	6	July	23.3	7	-4.97	5	December	5.7	7	-9.20	7	2023-08-09
Trieste	TRIESTE	Italy				August	23.4	7	-5.48	6	January	3.4	6	-8.81	6	2023-08-09
Krakow	KRAKOW (WOLA JUSTOWSKA)	Poland	8.3	-9.68	46	July	18.8	47	-6.83	46	December	-0.3	47	-12.91	46	2023-08-09
Krakow	KRAKOW (WOLA JUSTOWSKA)	Poland				August	18.1	47	-6.98	46	January	-1.9	47	-12.69	45	2023-08-09
WMO_12425	WROCLAW	Poland	7.0	-8.98	2	July	12.5	4	-4.93	4	December	0.5	3	-13.58	3	2023-08-09
WMO_12425	WROCLAW	Poland				August	15.6	4	-6.18	4	January	-0.8	5	-12.56	5	2023-08-09
Faro_Met	FARO	Portugal	17.8	-4.04	12	July	23.9	18	-1.10	2	December	13.7	16	-4.58	15	2023-08-09
Faro_Met	FARO	Portugal				August	23.9	19	-1.33	2	January	12.2	20	-4.32	18	2023-08-09
Penhas_Douradas	PENHAS DOURADAS	Portugal	9.5	-6.94	13	July	17.9	15	-5.43	12	December	4.2	14	-7.61	16	2023-08-09
Penhas_Douradas	PENHAS DOURADAS	Portugal				August	18.2	15	-5.03	13	January	2.9	14	-8.11	16	2023-08-09
Porto_Met	PORTO	Portugal	15.1	-4.29	11	July	20.5	15	-2.18	13	December	10.7	15	-4.53	16	2023-08-09
Porto_Met	PORTO	Portugal				August	20.4	15	-2.60	14	January	9.8	15	-4.83	15	2023-08-09
Ramnicu	RAMNICU	Romania	11.8	-8.13	10	July	23.2	12	-4.01	10	December	1.5	12	-11.74	8	2023-08-09
Ramnicu	RAMNICU	Romania				August	22.8	11	-4.77	10	January	-0.5	12	-13.93	10	2023-08-09
WMO_23022	AMDERMA	Russia	-7.0	-15.57	4	July	7.1	11	-11.52	6	December	-15.6	10	-19.74	5	2023-08-09
WMO_23022	AMDERMA	Russia				August	6.3	11	-11.72	6	January	-20.3	9	-19.05	6	2023-08-09
ERA-CLIM_4543	ARKHANGELSK	Russia	1.0	-13.38	6	July	15.8	20	-7.90	7	December	-9.7	20	-19.62	6	2023-08-09
ERA-CLIM_4543	ARKHANGELSK	Russia				August	12.9	20	-10.13	7	January	-14.1	19	-19.16	5	2023-08-09
WMO_30554	BAGDARIN	Russia	-5.3	-15.69	5	July	16.1	5	-11.84	5	December	-27.2	5	-27.40	1	2023-08-09
WMO_30554	BAGDARIN	Russia				August	13.4	5	-11.90	5	January	-28.7	5			2023-08-09
WMO_26702	KALININ	Russia	4.4	-11.99	5	July	17.2	10	-8.01	8	December	-6.4	9	-15.82	6	2023-08-09
WMO_26702	KALININ	Russia				August	15.6	9	-8.03	9	January	-8.8	9	-16.74	8	2023-08-09
Kandalaksa	KANDALAKSA	Russia	0.1	-14.10	5	July	14.7	5	-8.92	5	December	-9.5	5	-18.72	5	2023-08-09
Kandalaksa	KANDALAKSA	Russia				August	12.2	5	-9.26	5	January	-12.8	5	-18.16	5	2023-08-09
WMO_27199	KIROV	Russia	2.8	-13.85	7	July	18.7	16	-9.14	9	December	-9.7	16	-17.83	8	2023-08-09
WMO_27199	KIROV	Russia				August	15.2	16	-10.04	9	January	-13.0	15	-19.15	8	2023-08-09
Mowcow_MGU	MOSCOW (MGU)	Russia	7.1	-11.54	7	July	18.9	7	-8.16	7	December	-1.0	7	-15.03	7	2023-08-09
Mowcow_MGU	MOSCOW (MGU)	Russia				August	18.0	7	-7.82	7	January	-5.1	7	-17.48	7	2023-08-09
WMO_22113	MURMANSK	Russia	0.2	-12.97	3	July	12.7	10	-9.47	7	December	-10.6	8	-16.03	3	2023-08-09
WMO_22113	MURMANSK	Russia				August	10.8	10	-10.44	7	January	-12.3	8	-16.78	5	2023-08-09
WMO_28224	PERM	Russia	2.1	-12.89	6	July	18.0	17	-10.16	8	December	-10.3	18	-16.62	5	2023-08-09
WMO_28224	PERM	Russia				August	15.1	17	-11.30	6	January	-14.4	18	-19.55	8	2023-08-09
WMO_34731	ROSTOV-NA-DONU	Russia	9.8	-8.28	4	July	22.9	17	-3.94	7	December	-0.7		-9.83	7	2023-08-09
WMO_34731	ROSTOV-NA-DONU	Russia				August	21.4	17	-4.80	7	January	-4.9	18	-12.57	7	2023-08-09
Salekhard_Met	SALEKHARD	Russia	-6.2	-17.47	5	July	14.0	16	-10.12	5	December	-18.5	16	-23.04	5	2023-08-09
Salekhard_Met	SALEKHARD	Russia				August	11.0	16	-13.18	5	January	-24.9	16	-24.44	5	2023-08-09
WMO_34172	SARATOV	Russia	6.6	-10.71	4	July	22.0	11	-7.92	6	December	-5.9	11	-15.28	8	2023-08-09
WMO_34172	SARATOV	Russia				August	19.9	11	-7.08	6	January	-8.3	10	-16.00	6	2023-08-09
WMO_26063	ST. PETERSBURG	Russia	5.6	-11.60	7	July	18.0	11	-10.04	8	December	-4.7	10	-13.96	7	2023-08-09
WMO_26063	ST. PETERSBURG	Russia				August	15.4	11	-10.18	10	January	-7.0	10	-14.26	8	2023-08-09
Liptovsky	LIPTOVSKY	Slovakia	7.6	-10.40	22	July	17.9	24	-6.48	28	December	-1.5	24	-14.49	27	2023-08-09
Liptovsky	LIPTOVSKY	Slovakia				August	17.2	24	-6.84	28	January	-2.9	23	-14.66	29	2023-08-09
WMO_14015	LJUBLJanuaryA	Slovenia	10.6	-8.70	29	July	21.1	26	-5.98	28	December	1.1	26	-10.95	29	2023-08-09
WMO_14015	LJUBLJanuaryA	Slovenia				August	20.4	26	-6.39	29	January	-0.1	26	-11.62	24	2023-08-09
Portoroz	PORTOROZ	Slovenia	13.6	-6.46	6	July	23.3	7	-4.09	6	December	6.4	7	-8.02	7	2023-08-09
Portoroz	PORTOROZ	Slovenia				August	22.6	7	-5.66	6	January	3.8	7	-8.98	6	2023-08-09
WMO_08001	A CORUNA	Spain	15.1	-4.65	16	July	19.4	17	-2.54	19	December	11.7	17	-5.54	22	2023-08-09
WMO_08001	A CORUNA	Spain				August	19.9	17	-2.19	20	January	11.1	17	-5.54	21	2023-08-09
Amleria_Aeropuerto	ALMERIA AEROPUERTO	Spain	19.2	-4.43	17	July	26.4	17	-0.02	1	December	13.8	17	-5.26	18	2023-08-09
Amleria_Aeropuerto	ALMERIA AEROPUERTO	Spain				August	27.1	17	-2.80	4	January	12.8	17	-6.14	18	2023-08-09
Barcelona_Met	BARCELONA	Spain	16.1	-4.69	8	July	23.7	13	-3.23	5	December	10.4	12	-5.73	8	2023-08-09
Barcelona_Met	BARCELONA	Spain				August	23.7	14	-3.19	7	January	9.5	13	-6.22	8	2023-08-09
Caceres	CACERES	Spain	16.5	-5.46	16	July	26.2	16	-1.55	9	December	8.5	16	-6.55	22	2023-08-09
Caceres	CACERES	Spain				August	26.2	16	-3.56	10	January	8.0	16	-6.32	20	2023-08-09
Ciudad_Real	CIUDAD REAL	Spain	16.0	-6.49	16	July	27.2	16	-1.41	4	December	6.9	16	-7.56	20	2023-08-09
Ciudad_Real	CIUDAD REAL	Spain				August	26.7	16	-2.83	11	January	6.2	16	-8.64	22	2023-08-09
Girona	GIRONA	Spain	15.3	-5.58	13	July	24.0	16	-3.27	21	December	8.1	16	-6.80	19	2023-08-09
Girona	GIRONA	Spain				August	24.0	16	-3.42	20	January	7.5	16	-7.27	19	2023-08-09
Leon_Virgen-del_Camino	LEON VIRGEN DEL CAMINO	Spain	11.1	-7.91	16	July	19.5	16	-5.24	19	December	3.7	16	-9.72	22	2023-08-09
Leon_Virgen-del_Camino	LEON VIRGEN DEL CAMINO	Spain				August	19.4	16	-4.64	16	January	3.2	16	-9.95	21	2023-08-09
WMO_08221	MADRID-RETIRO	Spain	14.8	-6.42	18	July	25.2	41	-2.44	6	December	6.8	40	-7.34	25	2023-08-09
WMO_08221	MADRID-RETIRO	Spain				August	24.7	42	-1.94	8	January	6.3	43	-9.07	24	2023-08-09
Moron_de_la_Frontera	MORON DE LA FRONTERA	Spain	18.4	-4.43	15	July	27.1	16	-2.61	1	December	11.4	16	-5.14	21	2023-08-09
Moron_de_la_Frontera	MORON DE LA FRONTERA	Spain				August	27.6	16	-3.50	3	January	10.2	16	-5.64	20	2023-08-09
WMO_08430	MURCIA	Spain	19.1	-4.49	16	July	27.9	16	0.34	5	December	11.8	16	-5.53	19	2023-08-09
WMO_08430	MURCIA	Spain				August	28.0	16	-2.49	14	January	11.1	16	-6.58	16	2023-08-09
WMO_08023	SANTANDER (I-CMT)	Spain	14.8	-5.15	15	July	19.7	15	-3.46	22	December	11.3	15	-6.27	21	2023-08-09
WMO_08023	SANTANDER (I-CMT)	Spain				August	20.4	15	-3.54	22	January	10.6	15	-6.21	21	2023-08-09
Tortosa_Met	TORTOSA	Spain	18.1	-4.75	16	July	26.8	16	-1.49	21	December	10.5	16	-6.20	19	2023-08-09
Tortosa_Met	TORTOSA	Spain				August	27.0	16	-2.44	21	January	10.3	16	-7.37	19	2023-08-09
Valencia	VALENCIA	Spain	18.5	-4.44	11	July	26.0	11	-0.88	8	December	12.2	11	-5.97	13	2023-08-09
Valencia	VALENCIA	Spain				August	26.3	11	-2.21	14	January	11.9	11	-6.22	13	2023-08-09
Valladolid	VALLADOLID	Spain	12.9	-7.07	16	July	22.4	16	-2.16	13	December	4.7	16	-8.51	21	2023-08-09
Valladolid	VALLADOLID	Spain				August	22.2	16	-4.30	13	January	4.3	16	-8.94	21	2023-08-09
WMO_08160	ZARAGOZA AEROPUERTO	Spain	16.0	-5.84	16	July	25.8	16	-2.67	15	December	6.9	16	-7.66	20	2023-08-09
WMO_08160	ZARAGOZA AEROPUERTO	Spain				August	25.5	16	-2.59	18	January	6.9	16	-8.84	20	2023-08-09
Lvov	L'VOV	Ukraine	7.5	-10.45	3	July	17.7	10	-7.83	4	December	-0.6	11	-12.78	4	2023-08-09
Lvov	L'VOV	Ukraine				August	16.5	10	-7.63	4	January	-3.5	10	-14.87	3	2023-08-09
Odessa	ODESSA	Ukraine	10.0	-9.06	4	July	20.6	17	-7.26	8	December	2.5	16	-10.82	6	2023-08-09
Odessa	ODESSA	Ukraine				August	20.6	17	-6.96	8	January	-2.0	17	-11.57	6	2023-08-09
WMO_34300	KHARKIV	Ukraine	9.3	-9.11	4	July	21.9	4	-5.88	5	December	-2.2	4	-11.99	7	2023-08-09
WMO_34300	KHARKIV	Ukraine				August	21.8	4	-6.93	4	January	-5.1	4	-12.25	5	2023-08-09