Citation:

PANGAEA.961075

Name: Sedimentological data sets from the prehistoric site of Ajor Pazi (northern Iran)
Published: 2024-12-14
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Alluvial fan; Carbon; Iran; Magnetic susceptibility; mid-holocene; pXRF; sediment colour; sediment profiles

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Published: 2024-12-14 • DOI registered: 2025-01-11

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Abstract:

During a rescue excavation in 2018, 136 sedimentary bulk samples were collected from sediment cross-sections at the prehistoric site of Ajor Pazi (northern Iran). This study aimed to understand the prehistoric human-environmental interactions in an active fluvial fan setting. Using radiocarbon and luminescence-dated sedimentary cross sections, we applied multivariate statistics to sedimentological characteristics (magnetic susceptibility, grain size, remission, total organic and total inorganic carbon, and X-ray fluorescence) interpreted in terms of depositional facies. Based on numerical and material dating and facies interpretation, the first settlement activities must have occurred between 6.4 - 5.6 ka cal. BP (4.4 - 3.6 ka cal. BCE), which archaeologically falls into the Transitional Chalcolithic II period.

Keyword(s):

Alluvial fan; Carbon; Iran; Magnetic susceptibility; mid-holocene; pXRF; sediment colour; sediment profiles

Supplement to:

Busch, Robert; Bernbeck, Reinhard; Hessari, Morteza; Kirsten, Fabian; Lüthgens, Christopher; Pollock, Susan; Rol, Nolwen; Schütt, Brigitta (2024): Linking archaeology and paleoenvironment: Mid‐Holocene occupational sequences in the Varamin Plain (Iran). Geoarcheology, 39(4), 355-374, https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21995

References:

Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe Boden (2005): Bodenkundliche Kartieranleitung (KA5), 5th edition. Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hannover, Germany

Funding:

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn (DFG), grant/award no. 424609853 : Mobile villages and dynamic landscapes: the Varamin Plain from the late 5th to the early 3rd mill.

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 35.251614 * Median Longitude: 51.723477 * South-bound Latitude: 35.251529 * West-bound Longitude: 51.723284 * North-bound Latitude: 35.251678 * East-bound Longitude: 51.723767

Date/Time Start: 2018-08-26T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2018-08-28T00:00:00

Minimum Elevation: 864.0 m * Maximum Elevation: 864.0 m

Event(s):

APZ-MP * Latitude: 35.251634 * Longitude: 51.723767 * Date/Time: 2018-08-28T00:00:00 * Elevation: 864.0 m * Location: Iran * Method/Device: Outcrop sample (OUTCROP)

APZ-NE * Latitude: 35.251529 * Longitude: 51.723284 * Date/Time: 2018-08-27T00:00:00 * Elevation: 864.0 m * Location: Iran * Method/Device: Outcrop sample (OUTCROP)

APZ-SW * Latitude: 35.251678 * Longitude: 51.723381 * Date/Time: 2018-08-26T00:00:00 * Elevation: 864.0 m * Location: Iran * Method/Device: Outcrop sample (OUTCROP)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Busch, Robert
2	Station label	Station		Busch, Robert
3	Sample ID	Sample ID		Busch, Robert		ID used for analysis
4	Sample ID	Sample ID		Bernbeck, Reinhard		Locus (ID used during fieldwork)
5	Color RED	red		Busch, Robert	Portable spectrophotometer Minolta CM-2500d	RGB space
6	Color GREEN	green		Busch, Robert	Portable spectrophotometer Minolta CM-2500d	RGB space
7	Color BLUE	blue		Busch, Robert	Portable spectrophotometer Minolta CM-2500d	RGB space
8	Color, L*, lightness	L*		Busch, Robert	Portable spectrophotometer Minolta CM-2500d	CIE65 space
9	Color, a*	a*		Busch, Robert	Portable spectrophotometer Minolta CM-2500d	CIE65 space
10	Color, b*	b*		Busch, Robert	Portable spectrophotometer Minolta CM-2500d	CIE65 space
11	Carbon, total	TC	%	Busch, Robert	Element analyser CHN, LECO	[mass.-%]
12	Carbon, organic, total	TOC	%	Busch, Robert	Total organic carbon analyzer, Shimadzu, TOC-L	[mass.-%]
13	Carbon, inorganic, total	TIC	%	Busch, Robert	Calculated	[mass.- %]
14	Barium	Ba	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
15	Niobium	Nb	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
16	Zirconium	Zr	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
17	Strontium	Sr	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
18	Rubidium	Rb	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
19	Lead	Pb	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
20	Zinc	Zn	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
21	Iron	Fe	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
22	Manganese	Mn	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
23	Vanadium	V	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
24	Titanium	Ti	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
25	Calcium	Ca	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
26	Potassium	K	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
27	Silicon	Si	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
28	Aluminium	Al	mg/kg	Busch, Robert	portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., NITON XL3t-900 GOLDD+	Original unit = ppm
29	Magnetic susceptibility	MAGS	m³/kg	Busch, Robert	MS2B sensor	Low frequency
30	Magnetic susceptibility	MAGS	m³/kg	Busch, Robert	MS2B sensor	High frequency
31	Magnetic susceptibility, frequency dependence	chi_fd	%	Busch, Robert	MS2B sensor
32	Clay	Clay	%	Busch, Robert	Beckman Coulter Laser diffraction particle size analyzer LS 13 320	[vol.-%] Particle sizes are categorized according to the German classification system of Ad-hoc-AG Boden (2005).
33	Silt	Silt	%	Busch, Robert	Beckman Coulter Laser diffraction particle size analyzer LS 13 320	[vol.-%] Particle sizes are categorized according to the German classification system of Ad-hoc-AG Boden (2005).
34	Sand	Sand	%	Busch, Robert	Beckman Coulter Laser diffraction particle size analyzer LS 13 320	[vol.-%] Particle sizes are categorized according to the German classification system of Ad-hoc-AG Boden (2005).

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

4435 data points

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