Citation:

PANGAEA.936683

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and gene expression (RT-PCR) and enzyme activity of the Antarctic coral Malacobelemnon daytoni
Published: 2021-10-05
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Antarctic; Benthic animals; Benthos; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Laboratory experiment; Malacobelemnon daytoni; Other metabolic rates; Polar; Single species

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Abstract:

Benthic organisms of the Southern Ocean are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA), as they inhabit cold waters where calcite-aragonite saturation states are naturally low. OA most strongly affects animals with calcium carbonate skeletons or shells, such as corals and mollusks. We exposed the abundant cold-water coral Malacobelemnon daytoni from an Antarctic fjord to low pH seawater (LpH) (7.68 +/- 0.17) to test its physiological responses to OA, at the level of gene expression (RT-PCR) and enzyme activity. Corals were exposed in short- (3 days) and long-term (54 days) experiments to two pCO2 conditions (ambient and elevated pCO2 equaling RCP 8.5, IPCC 2019, approximately 372.53 and 956.78 μatm, respectively).

Of the eleven genes studied through RT-PCR, six were significantly upregulated compared with control in the short-term in the LpH condition, including the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70), Toll-like receptor (TLR), galaxin and ferritin. After long-term exposure to low pH conditions, RT-PCR analysis showed seven genes were upregulated. These include the mannose-binding C-Lectin and HSP90. Also, the expression of TLR and galaxin, among others, continued to be upregulated after long-term exposure to low pH. Expression of carbonic anhydrase (CA), a key enzyme involved in calcification, was also significantly upregulated after long-term exposure. Our results indicated that, after two months, M. daytoni is not acclimatized to this experimental LpH condition. Gene expression profiles revealed molecular impacts that were not evident at the enzyme activity level. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the physiological processes in the response of a coral to LpH is critical to understanding the ability of polar species to cope with future environmental changes. Approaches integrating molecular tools into Antarctic ecological and/or conservation research make an essential contribution given the current ongoing OA processes.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Antarctic; Benthic animals; Benthos; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Laboratory experiment; Malacobelemnon daytoni; Other metabolic rates; Polar; Single species

Supplement to:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James (2021): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.2.16. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seacarb/index.html

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: -62.233300 * Longitude: -58.666700

Event(s):

King_George_Island_OA * Latitude: -62.233300 * Longitude: -58.666700 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2021-10-05.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Servetto, Natalia		study
2	Species	Species		Servetto, Natalia
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Servetto, Natalia
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Servetto, Natalia		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Treatment	Treat		Servetto, Natalia
6	Day of experiment	DOE	day	Servetto, Natalia
7	Sample ID	Sample ID		Servetto, Natalia
8	Sample ID	Sample ID		Servetto, Natalia		Smaller Tank
9	Catalase activity, unit per protein mass	CAT/prot	U/mg	Servetto, Natalia
10	Superoxide dismutase activity, unit per protein mass	SOD/prot	U/mg	Servetto, Natalia
11	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Ub L 40
12	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Ub L 40
13	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		18S
14	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		18S
15	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Ferritin
16	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Galaxin
17	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Perox
18	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Metal 1
19	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Serin Protease
20	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		SOD
21	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		TLR-2
22	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		HSP90 1
23	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Lectin 1
24	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		Anhyd Carbonic
25	Gene expression	Gene expression		Servetto, Natalia		HSP70 2
26	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Servetto, Natalia
27	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia
28	Salinity	Sal		Servetto, Natalia
29	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia
30	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Servetto, Natalia	Potentiometric titration
31	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Potentiometric titration
32	pH	pH		Servetto, Natalia	Potentiometric	total scale
33	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Potentiometric	total scale
34	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
35	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
36	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
37	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
38	Dry air column-averaged mixing ratio of carbon dioxide	XCO2	ppmv	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
39	Dry air column-averaged mixing ratio of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	XCO2 std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
40	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
41	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
42	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
43	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
44	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
45	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Servetto, Natalia	Calculated using CO2SYS
46	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
47	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
48	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
49	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
50	Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation	fCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
51	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
52	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
53	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
54	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
55	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
56	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
57	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
58	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
59	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
60	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)
61	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
62	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

3461 data points

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