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Hernández-León, Santiago (2020): Carbon export and sequestration in the ocean [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.923832

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Abstract:
Carbon export (from the epipelagic towards the mesopelagic zone) and sequestration (from the mesopelagic towards the bathypelagic zone) in the ocean are reviewed. Particulate organic carbon (POC) flux, and active flux due to migrant zooplankton and micronekton are shown from the epipelagic to the mesopelagic zone, and from the latter to the bathypelagic zone. Values towards the meso- and bathypelagic zones are compared in oligotrophic and productive systems. Zooplankton and prokaryote respiration in the meso- and bathypelagic zones of the ocean are also reviewed for oligotrophic and productive systems. Values were integrated over a depth layer and are given as the flux or respiration under one square meter (in g/m**2/a) between e.g. 100 m and 1000 m depth.
Keyword(s):
active flux; biological carbon pump; Deep sea; passive flux; Respiration
Related to:
Bode, Antonio; Mompeán, Carmen (2020): Stable isotope data of mesozooplankton for depth layers along the Malaspina-2010 expedition. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919314
Fraile-Nuez, Eugenio; Hernández-León, Santiago (2020): Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP) backscatter attached to the rosette sampler during the Malaspina Circumnavigation Expedition. Spanish Institute of Oceanography, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.922619
Hernández-León, Santiago; Koppelmann, Rolf (2020): Review of global zooplankton biomass in the bathypelagic zone. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.923149
Further details:
Arístegui, Javier; Agustí, Susana; Duarte, Carlos Manuel (2003): Respiration in the dark ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(2), 1041, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016227
Arístegui, Javier; Agustí, Susana; Middelburg, Jack J; Duarte, Carlos Manuel (2005): Respiration in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the oceans. In: del Giorgio, Paul; Williams, Peter (eds.), Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems, Oxford University Press, 181-205, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198527084.003.0010
Arístegui, Javier; Barton, Eric D; Montero, María Fernanda; García-Muñoz, Mercedes; Escánez, José (2003): Organic carbon distribution and water column respiration in the NW Africa-Canaries Coastal Transition Zone. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 33, 289-301, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame033289
Ariza, A; Garijo, Juan Carlos; Landeira, José María; Bordes, Fernando; Hernández-León, Santiago (2015): Migrant biomass and respiratory carbon flux by zooplankton and micronekton in the subtropical northeast Atlantic Ocean (Canary Islands). Progress in Oceanography, 134, 330-342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.03.003
Baltar, Federico; Arístegui, Javier; Gasol, Josep M; Sintes, Eva; Herndl, Gerhard J (2009): Evidence of prokaryotic metabolism on suspended particulate organic matter in the dark waters of the subtropical North Atlantic. Limnology and Oceanography, 54(1), 182-193, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.1.0182
Buesseler, Ken O; Lamborg, C H; Boyd, Philip W; Lam, Phoebe J; Trull, Tom W; Bidigare, Robert R; Bishop, James K B; Casciotti, Karen L; Dehairs, Frank; Elskens, Marc; Honda, Makio C; Karl, David Michael; Siegel, David A; Silver, M W; Steinberg, Deborah K; Valdes, Jim; Van Mooy, Benjamin A S; Wilson, Stephanie (2007): Revisiting carbon flux through the ocean's twilight zone. Science, 316(5824), 567-570, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137959
Childress, James J; Thuesen, Erik V (1992): Metabolic potential of deep-aea animals: regional and global scales. In: Rowe, Gilbert T.; Pariente, Vita (eds.), Deep-sea food chains and the global carbon cycle, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 360, 217-236, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2452-2_13
Fernández-Castro, B; Arístegui, Javier; Anderson, L; Montero, María Fernanda; Hernández-León, Santiago; Marañón, Emilio; Mouriño-Carballido, Beatriz (2016): Mesopelagic respiration near the ESTOC (European Station for Time-Series in the Ocean, 15.5°W, 29.1°N) site inferred from a tracer conservation model. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 115, 63-73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2016.05.010
Guidi, Lionel; Legendre, Louis; Reygondeau, Gabriel; Uitz, Julia; Stemmann, Lars; Henson, Stephanie A (2015): A new look at ocean carbon remineralization for estimating deepwater sequestration. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 29(7), 1044-1059, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005063
Helmke, Peer; Romero, Oscar E; Fischer, Gerhard (2005): Northwest African upwelling and its effect on off-shore organic carbon export to the deep sea. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19(4), GB4015, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GB002265
Henson, Stephanie A; Sanders, Richard J; Madsen, Esben (2012): Global patterns in efficiency of particulate organic carbon export and transfer to the deep ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26(1), GB1028, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004099
Hernández-León, Santiago; Ikeda, Tsutomu (2005): A global assessment of mesozooplankton respiration in the ocean. Journal of Plankton Research, 27(2), 153-158, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh166
Hernández-León, Santiago; Olivar, M Pilar; Fernández de Puelles, Maria Luz; Bode, Antonio; Castellón, Arturo; López-Pérez, Cristina; Tuset, Victor M; González-Gordillo, José Ignacio (2019): Zooplankton and micronekton active flux across the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 535, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535
Hidaka, Kiyotaka; Kawaguchi, Kouichi; Murakami, Masahiro; Takahashi, M (2001): Downward transport of organic carbon by diel migratory micronekton in the western equatorial Pacific: its quantitative and qualitative importance. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 48(8), 1923-1939, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00003-6
Honjo, Susumu; Manganini, Steven J; Krishfield, Richard A; Francois, Roger (2008): Particulate organic carbon fluxes to the ocean interior and factors controlling the biological pump: A synthesis of global sediment trap programs since 1983. Progress in Oceanography, 76(3), 217-285, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2007.11.003
Jenkins, William J; Wallace, Douglas WR (1992): Tracer based inferences of new primary production in the sea. In: Falkowski, Paul G.; Woodhead, Avril D.; Vivirito, Katherine (eds.), Primary productivity and biogeochemical cycles in the sea, Springer US, Boston, MA, 43, 299-316, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0762-2_17
Karl, David Michael; Christian, J R; Dore, John E; Hebel, Dale; Letelier, Ricardo M; Tupas, Luis M; Winn, Christopher D (1996): Seasonal and interannual variability in primary production and particle flux at Station ALOHA. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 43(2-3), 539-568, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1
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Martin, J H; Knauer, George A; Karl, David Michael; Broenkow, William (1987): VERTEX: Carbon cycling in the northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 34(2), 267-285, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(87)90086-0
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Packard, Ted T; Osma, Natalja; Fernández Urruzola, Igor; Codispoti, Louis A; Christensen, John P; Gómez, M (2015): Peruvian upwelling plankton respiration: calculations of carbon flux, nutrient retention efficiency, and heterotrophic energy production. Biogeosciences, 12(9), 2641-2654, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015
Santana-Falcón, Yeray; Alvarez-Salgado, Xose Anton; Pérez-Hernández, M Dolores; Hernández-Guerra, Alonso; Mason, Evan; Arístegui, Javier (2017): Organic carbon budget for the eastern boundary of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre: major role of DOC in mesopelagic respiration. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 10129, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10974-y
Savenkoff, C; Prieur, Louis; Reys, Jean-Pierre; Lefèvre, Dominique; Dallot, Serge; Denis, Michel (1993): Deep microbial communities evidenced in the Liguro-Provençal front by their ETS activity. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 40(4), 709-725, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(93)90067-D
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Funding:
Horizon 2020 (H2020), grant/award no. 817578: Tropical and South Atlantic climate-based marine ecosystem predictions for sustainable management
Horizon 2020 (H2020), grant/award no. 817806: Sustainable management of mesopelagic resources
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), grant/award no. CSD2008-00077: Circumnavigation expedition Malaspina 2010: Global Change and Exploration of Biodiversity of the Global Ocean
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Reference/sourceReferenceHernández-León, Santiago
Uniform resource locator/link to referenceURL refHernández-León, Santiago
OceanOceanHernández-León, SantiagoSystem
Depth, descriptionDepth descHernández-León, SantiagoZone
ParameterParameterHernández-León, Santiago
OrganismsOrgHernández-León, Santiago
DEPTH, waterDepth watermHernández-León, SantiagoGeocode
DEPTH, waterDepth watermHernández-León, SantiagoGeocode – min of layer
DEPTH, waterDepth watermHernández-León, SantiagoGeocode – max of layer
10 Carbon, fluxC fluxmg/m2/dayHernández-León, SantiagoCalculated, integrated over layer depth
11 Carbon, flux per yearC fluxg/m2/aHernández-León, SantiagoCalculated, integrated over layer depth
12 Respiration rate, carbonResp Cmol/m3/dayHernández-León, SantiagoCalculated, integrated over layer depth
13 Respiration rate, carbonResp Cmmol/m2/dayHernández-León, SantiagoCalculated, integrated over layer depth
14 Respiration rate, carbonResp Cmg/m2/dayHernández-León, SantiagoCalculated, integrated over layer depth
15 Respiration rate, carbonResp Cg/m2/aHernández-León, SantiagoCalculated, integrated over layer depth
16 CommentCommentHernández-León, Santiago
Size:
902 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Reference

URL ref

Ocean
(System)

Depth desc
(Zone)

Parameter

Org

Depth water [m]

Depth water [m]
(min of layer)

Depth water [m]
(max of layer)
10 
C flux [mg/m2/day]
11 
C flux [g/m2/a]
12 
Resp C [mol/m3/day]
13 
Resp C [mmol/m2/day]
14 
Resp C [mg/m2/day]
15 
Resp C [g/m2/a]
16 
Comment
Martin et al. (1987)https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(87)90086-0OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15035.513.00VERTEX 14-35°N
Knauer et al. (1990)https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(90)90054-YOligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15031.211.40VERTEX 33°N
Karl et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15036.013.10Average HOT 1989 (Table 3)
Karl et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15035.012.80Average HOT 1990 (Table 3)
Karl et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15027.09.90Average HOT 1991 (Table 3)
Karl et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15022.08.00Average HOT 1992 (Table 3)
Karl et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15025.09.10Average HOT 1993 (Table 3)
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15011.34.10Average sts 2-7 and 14 (Table 1)
Miquel et al. (2011)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2011.07.018OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux2002.40Average 1988-2005 (Table 2)
Buesseler et al. (2007)https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137959OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15018.06.60Hawaii Aloha st.
Buesseler et al. (2007)https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137959OligotrophicMesopelagicPOC flux15018.06.60Hawaii Aloha st.
Miquel et al. (2011)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2011.07.018OligotrophicBathypelagicPOC flux10001.60Mediterranean Aver. 1988-2005 (Table 2)
Guidi et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005063OligotrophicBathypelagicPOC flux20001.44Range 0.1-9.3
Henson et al. (2012)https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004099OligotrophicBathypelagicPOC flux20001.74Range 0-35
Henson et al. (2012)https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004099OligotrophicBathypelagicPOC flux20000.50About 0.5 for oligotrophic gyres
Martin et al. (1987)https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(87)90086-0OligotrophicBathypelagicPOC flux20000.80Range 0.8-7.0
Lutz et al. (2007)https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003706OligotrophicBathypelagicPOC flux20000.20Range 0.2-7.0
Honjo et al. (2008)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2007.11.003OligotrophicBathypelagicPOC flux20000.30Range 0.3-7.3
Hidaka et al. (2001)https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00003-6OligotrophicMesopelagicActive flux20027.910.20Western equatorial North Pacific (3°N)
Hidaka et al. (2001)https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00003-6OligotrophicMesopelagicActive flux20012.24.50Western equatorial North Pacific (3° 30´N)
Ariza et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.03.003OligotrophicMesopelagicActive flux2006.42.30Canary Current
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535OligotrophicMesopelagicActive flux2003.21.20St 3 South Equatorial Counter Current
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535OligotrophicMesopelagicActive flux20012.64.60St 6 South Equatorial Current
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535OligotrophicMesopelagicActive flux20023.18.40St 7 North Equatorial Counter Current
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535OligotrophicMesopelagicActive flux20012.24.50St 12 Canary Current
Karl et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1ProductiveMesopelagicPOC flux42.015.30Coastal zone (Table 4)
Karl et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1ProductiveMesopelagicPOC flux85.031.00Upwelling zone (Table 4)
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535ProductiveMesopelagicPOC flux15026.09.50Aver. sts 8 and 11 (Table 1)
Buesseler et al. (2007)https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137959ProductiveMesopelagicPOC flux15062.022.60Northwest Pacific Subarctic gyre St K2
Buesseler et al. (2007)https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137959ProductiveMesopelagicPOC flux15023.08.40Northwest Pacific Subarctic gyre St K2
Helmke et al. (2005)https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GB002265ProductiveBathypelagicPOC flux100020.67.50Aver. 4 years NW Africa
Henson et al. (2012)https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004099ProductiveBathypelagicPOC flux20003.003-4 for equatorial and Arabian upwelling
Martin et al. (1987)https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(87)90086-0ProductiveBathypelagicPOC flux20007.00Range 0.8-7.0
Lutz et al. (2007)https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003706ProductiveBathypelagicPOC flux20007.00Range 0.2-7.0
Honjo et al. (2008)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2007.11.003ProductiveBathypelagicPOC flux20007.30Range 0.3-7.3
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535ProductiveMesopelagicActive flux20043.015.70St 9 Guinea Dome
Hernández-León et al. (2019)https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00535ProductiveMesopelagicActive flux20085.031.00St 11 Oceanic upwelling off C. Blanc
Nagata et al. (2000)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2000.45.2.0426OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton10010008.0096.0035.00Geomean Table 10.4 Arístegui et al. (2005)
Santana-Falcón et al. (2017)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10974-yOligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton20010007.00Tropical and temperate North Atlantic Ocean
Arístegui et al. (2003a)https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016227OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton200100035.00
Arístegui et al. (2003b)https://doi.org/10.3354/ame033289OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton>2004.0048.0017.50Lower range in the Eastern Subtropical North Atlantic gyre
Arístegui et al. (2003b)https://doi.org/10.3354/ame033289OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton>2008.0096.0035.00Higher range in the Eastern Subtropical North Atlantic gyre
Jenkins and Wallace (1992)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0762-2_17OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton200100039.60Atlantic Ocean (Sagasso Sea)
Packard et al. (1988)https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(88)90016-7OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton200100018.00Atlantic Ocean (Sagasso Sea)
Arístegui et al. (2003a)https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016227OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton200100028.80Atlantic Ocean (Canary Islands)
Savenkoff et al. (1993)https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(93)90067-DOligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton20080026.40Mediterranean Sea (west)
Lefevre et al. (1996)https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-7963(95)00003-8OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton200100014.40Mediterranean Sea (west)
Baltar et al. (2009)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.1.0182OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton20010005.904.7256.6020.70North Equatorial Counter Current (ETS in 900-1000 m depth)
Baltar et al. (2009)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.1.0182OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton20010002.491.9923.908.70Subtropical Gyre (ETS in 900-1000 m depth)
Baltar et al. (2009)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.1.0182OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton200100016.3013.04156.5057.10North Equatorial Counter Current (ETS in 250-500 m depth OMZ)
Baltar et al. (2009)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.1.0182OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton200100013.5010.80129.6047.30Subtropical Gyre (ETS in 250-500 m depth OMZ)
Fernández-Castro et al. (2016)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2016.05.010OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton15070030.70Mean value Time series station ESTOC Canary Current
Nagata et al. (2000)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2000.45.2.0426OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10000.101.200.40N Subtropical Pacific
Packard et al. (1988)https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(88)90016-7OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10008.00Sargasso Sea
Hernández-León and Ikeda (2005)https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh166OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton15010000.212.500.90Lower range of values for the mesopelagic zone
Hernández-León and Ikeda (2005)https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh166OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton150100014.00168.0061.30Higher range of values for the mesopelagic zone
Hernández-León and Ikeda (2005)https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh166OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton15010001.7020.407.40Average value for the mesopelagic zone
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton2009005.221.90Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090012.174.40Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090010.543.80Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton2009009.403.40Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090010.573.90Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090026.259.60Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090018.666.80Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090010.553.90Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090020.067.30Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton2009004.171.50Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090012.884.70Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton2009008.593.10Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090026.999.90Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)OligotrophicMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090021.207.70Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Childress and Thuesen (1992)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2452-2_13OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton100040000.100.05Hypothetical central oceanic region
Koppelmann and Weikert (1999)https://doi.org/10.3354/meps179027OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton100022500.111.300.50Spring
Koppelmann and Weikert (1999)https://doi.org/10.3354/meps179027OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton100022500.323.801.40Summer
Koppelmann and Weikert (1999)https://doi.org/10.3354/meps179027OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton>22500.030.400.10Spring
Koppelmann and Weikert (1999)https://doi.org/10.3354/meps179027OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton>22500.030.400.10Summer
Hernández-León and Ikeda (2005)https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh166OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton100040000.323.801.40Average value for the bathypelagic zone
Hernández-León et al. (2020)OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton100020001.90
Hernández-León et al. (2020)OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton200030000.90
Hernández-León et al. (2020)OligotrophicBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton300040000.20
Nagata et al. (2000)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2000.45.2.0426ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton100100042.00504.00184.00Santa Monica Basin
Arístegui et al. (2003b)https://doi.org/10.3354/ame033289ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton>2005.0060.0021.90Lower range in the Coastal Transition Zone Canary Current
Arístegui et al. (2003b)https://doi.org/10.3354/ame033289ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton>20010.00120.0043.80Higher range in the Coastal Transition Zone Canary Current
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton15010003.4941.9015.30Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton1501000344.934139.201510.80Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton150100011.46137.5050.20Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton15010002.4329.2010.60Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton15010002.7232.6011.90Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton150100019.57234.8085.70Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton15010003.5342.4015.50Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationMicroplankton15010006.3075.6027.60Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (1988)https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(88)90016-7ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>100031.30Pacific Ocean (Costa Rica Dome)
Turley and Mackie (1994)https://doi.org/10.3354/meps115191ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10000.404.801.80NE Atlantic
Nagata et al. (2000)https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2000.45.2.0426ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10000.506.002.20Subarctic Pacific
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10003.0736.8013.40Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10000.384.601.70Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10000.344.101.50Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>100022.51270.1098.60Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10000.799.503.50Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Packard et al. (2015)https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2641-2015ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationMicroplankton>10001.2815.405.60Upwelling zone off Perú (Table 5)
Hernández-León (unpublished)ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090022.608.30Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Upwelling zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090090.4033.00Coca I cruise. Respiration by day. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090021.607.90Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León (unpublished)ProductiveMesopelagicRespirationZooplankton20090062.2022.70Coca I cruise. Respiration by night. Oceanic zone Canary Current
Hernández-León et al. (2020)ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton100020001.00Coastal
Hernández-León et al. (2020)ProductiveBathypelagicRespirationZooplankton100020003.00Westerlies