Citation:

s00300-017-2130-3

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and biomarker pigments and phytoplankton community composition in different biogeochemical regions of the Southern Ocean
Published: 2017
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Antarctic; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Inorganic toxins; Laboratory experiment; Open ocean; Pelagos; Polar; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Temperate

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Abstract:

The ongoing rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration is causing rapid increases in seawater pCO2levels. However, little is known about the potential impacts of elevated CO2 availability on the phytoplankton assemblages in the Southern Ocean's oceanic regions. Therefore, we conducted four incubation experiments using surface seawater collected from the subantarctic zone (SAZ) and the subpolar zone (SPZ) in the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer of 2011-2012. For incubations, FeCl3 solutions were added to reduce iron (Fe) limitation for phytoplankton growth. Ambient and high (~750 µatm) CO2 treatments were then prepared with and without addition of CO2-saturated seawater, respectively. Non-Fe-added (control) treatments were also prepared to assess the effects of Fe enrichment (overall, control, Fe-added, and Fe-and-CO2-added treatments). In the initial samples, the dominant phytoplankton taxa shifted with latitude from haptophytes to diatoms, likely reflecting silicate availability in the water. Under Fe-enriched conditions, increased CO2 level significantly reduced the accumulation of biomarker pigments in haptophytes in the SAZ and AZ, whereas a significant decrease in diatom markers was only detected in the SAZ. The CO2-related changes in phytoplankton community composition were greater in the SAZ, most likely due to the decrease in coccolithophore biomass. Our results suggest that an increase in CO2, if it coincides with Fe enrichment, could differentially affect the phytoplankton community composition in different geographical regions of the Southern Ocean, depending on the locally dominant taxa and environmental conditions.

Keyword(s):

Antarctic; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Inorganic toxins; Laboratory experiment; Open ocean; Pelagos; Polar; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Temperate

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Proye, Aurélien; Soetaert, Karline; Rae, James (2016): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -57.087500 * Median Longitude: 124.533333 * South-bound Latitude: -64.350000 * West-bound Longitude: 110.000000 * North-bound Latitude: -45.000000 * East-bound Longitude: 140.050000

Date/Time Start: 2011-12-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2012-01-27T00:00:00

Event(s):

UM_11_7_cruise_C02 * Latitude: -45.000000 * Longitude: 110.000000 * Date/Time: 2011-12-30T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

UM_11_7_cruise_C07 * Latitude: -60.000000 * Longitude: 110.000000 * Date/Time: 2012-01-03T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

UM_11_7_cruise_D07 * Latitude: -64.350000 * Longitude: 138.083330 * Date/Time: 2012-01-22T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2018-04-11.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event		Endo, H
2	Type	Type		Endo, H		study
3	Experiment	Exp		Endo, H
4	Treatment	Treat		Endo, H
5	Replicate	Repl		Endo, H
6	Salinity	Sal		Endo, H
7	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Endo, H
8	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Endo, H
9	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Endo, H
10	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Endo, H
11	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Endo, H
12	pH	pH		Endo, H	Calculated using CO2SYS	total scale
13	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Endo, H	Calculated using CO2SYS	total scale
14	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Endo, H	Calculated using CO2SYS
15	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Endo, H	Calculated using CO2SYS
16	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/l	Endo, H
17	Fucoxanthin	Fuco	µg/l	Endo, H
18	19-Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin	Hex-fuco	µg/l	Endo, H
19	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Diatoms
20	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Hapto3
21	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Hapto4
22	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Crypto
23	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Prasino
24	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Chloro
25	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Dino
26	Percentage	Perc	%	Endo, H		Cyano
27	Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II	Fv/Fm		Endo, H
28	rbcL gene, copy number, normalized	rbcL		Endo, H		normalized to gene abundance
29	Light saturated maximum photosynthetic rate per Chlorophyll a	Pbmax	mg/mg/h	Endo, H
30	Initial slope of the photosynthesis-irradiance curve	alpha	(mg C /mg Chl a/h)/(µE/m²/s)	Endo, H
31	Light saturated maximum photosynthetic rate	Pmax	mg/m³/h	Endo, H
32	Light saturation	Ek	µmol/m²/s	Endo, H
33	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
35	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
42	Cell density	Cells	#/ml	Endo, H
43	Cell density	Cells	#/ml	Endo, H
44	Cell density	Cells	#/ml	Endo, H

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1456 data points

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