Citation:

j.aquatox.2018.01.008

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and cadmium uptake of the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber
Published: 2018-03-29
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Flexopecten glaber; Immunology/Self-protection; Inorganic toxins; Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; Mollusca; Ocean acidification; Single species; Temperate

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Published: 2018-03-29 • DOI registered: 2018-04-27

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Abstract:

Ocean acidification (OA) may affect sensitivity of marine organisms to metal pollution modulating chemical bioavailability, bioaccumulation and biological responsiveness of several cellular pathways. In this study, the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber was exposed to various combinations of reduced pH (pH/pCO2 7.4/3000 µatm) and Cd (20 µg/L). The analyses on cadmium uptake were integrated with those of a wide battery of biomarkers including metallothioneins, single antioxidant defenses and total oxyradical scavenging capacity in digestive gland and gills, lysosomal membrane stability and onset of genotoxic damage in haemocytes. Reduced pH slightly increased concentration of Cd in scallop tissues, but no effects were measured in terms of metallothioneins. Induction of some antioxidants by Cd and/or low pH in the digestive gland was not reflected in variations of the total oxyradical scavenging capacity, while the investigated stressors caused a certain inhibition of antioxidants and reduction of the scavenging capacity toward peroxyl radical in the gills. Lysosomal membrane stability and onset of genotoxic damages showed high sensitivity with possible synergistic effects of the investigated factors. The overall results suggest that indirect effects of ocean acidification on metal accumulation and toxicity are tissue-specific and modulate oxidative balance through different mechanisms.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Flexopecten glaber; Immunology/Self-protection; Inorganic toxins; Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; Mollusca; Ocean acidification; Single species; Temperate

Further details:

Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Lavigne, Héloïse; Orr, James C; Gentili, Bernard; Proye, Aurélien; Soetaert, Karline; Rae, James (2016): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.1. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2018-03-28.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Type	Type		Regoli, Francesco		study
2	Species	Species		Regoli, Francesco
3	Registration number of species	Reg spec no		Regoli, Francesco
4	Uniform resource locator/link to reference	URL ref		Regoli, Francesco		WoRMS Aphia ID
5	Treatment	Treat		Regoli, Francesco
6	Identification	ID		Regoli, Francesco		label
7	Experiment duration	Exp duration	days	Regoli, Francesco
8	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Regoli, Francesco
9	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco
10	Cadmium	Cd	µg/g	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland, per dry mass
11	Cadmium, standard deviation	Cd std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland, per dry mass
12	Metallothionein, per protein mass	MT/prot	nmol/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
13	Metallothionein per protein, standard deviation	MT std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
14	Glutathione, total, per unit wet mass	TGSH	µmol/g	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
15	Glutathione, total, per unit wet mass, standard deviation	TGSH std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
16	Catalase activity, per protein mass	CAT/prot	µmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
17	Catalase activity, standard deviation	CAT std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
18	Glutathione S-transferase, activity per protein mass	GST/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
19	Glutathione S-transferase, activity per protein mass, standard deviation	GST std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
20	Glutathione reductase, per protein mass	GR/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
21	Glutathione reductase, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	GR std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
22	Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidases activity, per protein mass	GPxSe-Dep/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
23	Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidases activity, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	GPxSe-Dep std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
24	Total glutathione peroxidases activity, per protein mass	GPxTOT/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
25	Total glutathione peroxidases activity, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	GPxTOT std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
26	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against peroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass	TOSC-ROO	U/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
27	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against peroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	TOSC-ROO std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
28	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against hydroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass	TOSC-HO	U/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
29	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against hydroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	TOSC-HO std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in digestive gland
30	Cadmium	Cd	µg/g	Regoli, Francesco		in gills, per dry mass
31	Cadmium, standard deviation	Cd std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills, per dry mass
32	Metallothionein, per protein mass	MT/prot	nmol/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
33	Metallothionein per protein, standard deviation	MT std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
34	Glutathione, total, per unit wet mass	TGSH	µmol/g	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
35	Glutathione, total, per unit wet mass, standard deviation	TGSH std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
36	Catalase activity, per protein mass	CAT/prot	µmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
37	Catalase activity, standard deviation	CAT std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
38	Glutathione S-transferase, activity per protein mass	GST/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
39	Glutathione S-transferase, activity per protein mass, standard deviation	GST std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
40	Glutathione reductase, per protein mass	GR/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
41	Glutathione reductase, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	GR std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
42	Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidases activity, per protein mass	GPxSe-Dep/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
43	Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidases activity, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	GPxSe-Dep std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
44	Total glutathione peroxidases activity, per protein mass	GPxTOT/prot	nmol/min/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
45	Total glutathione peroxidases activity, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	GPxTOT std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
46	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against peroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass	TOSC-ROO	U/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
47	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against peroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	TOSC-ROO std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
48	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against hydroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass	TOSC-HO	U/mg	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
49	Total oxyradical scavenging capacity against hydroxyl radicals, unit per protein mass, standard deviation	TOSC-HO std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco		in gills
50	Hemocytes lysosomal membranes stability	LMS	min	Regoli, Francesco
51	Hemocytes lysosomal membranes stability, standard deviation	LMS std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco
52	Hemocytes DNA strand breaks	DNA damage	%	Regoli, Francesco
53	Hemocytes DNA strand breaks, standard deviation	DNA damage std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco
54	Hemocytes micronuclei frequency	Hem MN	‰	Regoli, Francesco
55	Hemocytes micronuclei frequency, standard deviation	Hem MN std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco
56	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Regoli, Francesco
57	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco
58	pH, NBS scale	pH NBS		Regoli, Francesco	Potentiometric	NBS scale
59	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco	Potentiometric	NBS scale
60	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Regoli, Francesco	Potentiometric titration
61	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco	Potentiometric titration
62	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Regoli, Francesco	Calculated using CO2SYS
63	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco	Calculated using CO2SYS
64	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Regoli, Francesco	Calculated using CO2SYS
65	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco	Calculated using CO2SYS
66	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Regoli, Francesco	Calculated using CO2SYS
67	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Regoli, Francesco	Calculated using CO2SYS
68	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
69	pH, total scale	pHT		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
70	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
71	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
72	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
73	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
74	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
75	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
76	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
77	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

308 data points

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