Citation:

cp-14-901-2018

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Abstract:

Here, we have calculated new sea-surface temperature estimates over Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events 5-8 (c. 30-40 ka) from 14 sites in the North Atlantic, based on previously published planktic foraminifera relative abundance datasets. These proxy records suggest a large variability in North Atlantic sea-surface temperatures during DO-events of the last glacial period. However, proxy data availability is limited and cannot provide a full spatial picture of the oceanic changes. Therefore, we combine fully coupled, general circulation model simulations with the planktic foraminifera based sea-surface temperature reconstructions to obtain a broader spatial picture of the ocean state during DO-events 5-8. The resulting spatial sea-surface temperature patterns agree over a number of different general circulation models and simulations. We find that sea-surface temperature variability over the DO-events is characterized by colder conditions in the subpolar North Atlantic during stadials than during interstadials, and the variability is linked to changes in the AMOC, and in the sea-ice cover. Forced simulations are needed to capture the strength of the temperature variability and to reconstruct the variability in other climate records not directly linked to the sea-surface temperature reconstructions.

Related to:

Barker, Stephen; Chen, James; Gong, Xun; Jonkers, Lukas; Knorr, Gregor; Thornalley, David J R (2015): Icebergs not the trigger for North Atlantic cold events. Nature, 520(7547), 333-336, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14330

Broecker, Wallace S; Bond, Gerard C; Klas, Mieczyslawa; Clark, Elizabeth; McManus, Jerry F (1992): Distribution of lithic fragments and the planktic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in quaternary sediments of DSDP Hole 94-609 (Table 2). PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.667086

Dokken, Trond (2017): Relative abundance of planktic foraminifera (30-40 ka) in core MD95-2010. Uni Research Climate and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.880146

Dokken, Trond; Nisancioglu, Kerim H; Li, Camille; Battisti, David S; Kissel, Catherine (2017): Stable isotope records, IRM, ARM, and relative abundance of planktic foraminifera (25-40 ka) in sediment core MD99-2284. Uni Research Climate and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.882431

Elliot, Mary (2017): Planktonic foraminifera abundances in sediment core SU90-24. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881871

Hagen, Sveinung; Hald, Morten (2017): Stable isotope record and planktonic foraminifera of sediment core JM96-1225/1-GC. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881759

Hall, Ian R; Colmenero-Hidalgo, Elena; Zahn, Rainer; Peck, Victoria L; Hemming, Sidney R (2017): Planktonic foraminifera in sediment core MD04-2829CQ. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881437

Kiefer, Thorsten; Sarnthein, Michael (1998): Distribution of planktic foraminifers of sediment core GIK15612-2. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.202139

Labeyrie, Laurent D; Leclaire, Héloïse; Waelbroeck, Claire; Cortijo, Elsa; Duplessy, Jean-Claude; Vidal, Laurence; Elliot, Mary; Le Coat, B (2017): Planktonic foraminifera in sediment core CH69-K09. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881450

Peck, Victoria L (2017): Sedimentology, Sr/Nd and stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of sediment core MD01-2461. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881904

Salgueiro, Emilia; Voelker, Antje H L; de Abreu, Lucia; Abrantes, Fatima F; Meggers, Helge; Wefer, Gerold (2010): Planktonic foraminiferal abundances, and sea surface and export production reconstructions of sediment core SU92-03. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.743086

Sanchez Goñi, Maria Fernanda; Landais, Amaëlle; Fletcher, William J; Naughton, Filipa; Desprat, Stéphanie; Duprat, Josette M (2017): Planktonic foraminifera in sediment core MD04-2845. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881433

van Kreveld, Shirley A; Sarnthein, Michael; Erlenkeuser, Helmut; Grootes, Pieter Meiert; Jung, Simon J A; Pflaumann, Uwe; Voelker, Antje H L (2000): Foraminifera, sedimentological parameters and sea surface temperature and salinity calculated on core SO82_5-2. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.261313

Vogelsang, Elke; Sarnthein, Michael; Pflaumann, Uwe (2004): Distribution of planktic foraminifera in sediment core GIK23415-9. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.186156

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 54.617145 * Median Longitude: -19.479848 * South-bound Latitude: 41.760000 * West-bound Longitude: -47.350000 * North-bound Latitude: 66.684167 * East-bound Longitude: 4.566160

Date/Time Start: 1981-08-20T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2001-09-10T11:03:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 1.0525 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 32.8650 m

Event(s):

94-609_Site * Latitude: 49.877800 * Longitude: -24.238200 * Date/Time: 1983-07-22T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3883.0 m * Penetration: 9.875 m * Recovery: 6.624 m * Location: North Atlantic/FLANK * Campaign: * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: 85 cores; 802.1 m cored; 38.4 m drilled; 82.6% recovery

162-983A * Latitude: 60.403300 * Longitude: -23.640600 * Date/Time Start: 1995-07-21T11:58:00 * Date/Time End: 1995-07-22T09:29:00 * Elevation: -1983.0 m * Penetration: 254.4 m * Recovery: 264.42 m * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 27 cores; 254.4 m cored; 0 m drilled; 103.9 % recovery

CH69-K09 * Latitude: 41.760000 * Longitude: -47.350000 * Elevation: -4100.0 m * IGSN: BFBGX-111867 * Location: Newfoundland margin * Method/Device: Gravity corer (GC)

Comment:

The SST calculations build on previously published foraminifera data (see 'Related to'). Where no sample interval is given, this information was not available. Mbsf and mcd depths are the same for all cores except the ODP and DSDP cores, where composite depth scales exist. The other sites are continuous cores and hence there is no need for composite depths.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Sample code/label	Sample label			DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation	for ODP cores
3	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m			Geocode – mbsf
4	Depth, composite	Depth comp	mcd
5	Depth, top/min	Depth top	m
6	Depth, bottom/max	Depth bot	m
7	AGE	Age	ka BP			Geocode
8	Sea surface temperature	SST	°C	Jensen, Mari F	Maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE)
9	Sea surface temperature	SST	°C	Jensen, Mari F	Reconstructed from the percentage of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral	Missing SST values for events SO82-5-2 and DSDP94-609 means that the %NP is outside of the constraints for calculating SSTs based on this method (outside of 10-94%)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

2141 data points

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