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Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

Georgios, Goras; Chrysoula, Tananaki; Vasileios, Kanelis; Christakis, Tofaris; Epaminontas, Giannouris; Nikolia, Argena; Sofia, Gounari; Andreas, Thrasyvoulou (2017): The conflict of survival of Bee-eaters and of honey bees [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872356, Supplement to: Georgios, Goras; Chrysoula, Tananaki; Liolios, Vasileios; Kanelis, Dimitrios; Christakis, Tofaris; Epaminontas, Giannouris; Nikolia, Argena; Sofia, Gounari; Rodopoulou, Marianna; Andreas, Thrasyvoulou (2023): The conflict between avian predators and domestic honey bees: a case study of European bee-eater ( Merops apiaster L.) preying on the honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.) in Cyprus. Journal of Apicultural Research, 62(5), 1115-1122, https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2022.2069642

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Published: 2017-02-17 • DOI registered: 2017-03-23

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Abstract:
Bee-eater birds (Merops apiaster) appear and remain in Cyprus for 15 days in spring and 30-40 days in autumn. During spring, their presence is almost unnoticed, but during autumn, their excessive concentrations cause damages to bee colonies and severe losses to beekeepers. Bees remain in their hives and no forage activity is documented in the whole apiary. The causes of confinement of bees into their hives remain unclear. The singing of the birds and their appearance are not the reason of the confinement of the bees. As a result of the restriction of the bees into their hives, we observed diminished queen laying, decrease of the brood and a shrink of the adult population. The internal temperature of the hive increases by 2-4°C due to the lack of the water and to the tension (stress) of the "captive" bees. The colonies cannot rear brood during fall and enter into winter with old and starving bees. Due to this, 20% of the wintering bee colonies die every year. The so-far proposed solutions to prevent bee-eaters from apiaries, such as the use of tapes, color balloons, CDs that diffract the light, recording voices of hawks and falcons, alarm cries of bee-eaters and gun shootings were tested and found ineffective to protect bees. To ensure the harmonious coexistence of birds with bees and to maintain the contribution of bees to pollination, the Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment of Cyprus supports financially the beekeepers and in turn through Cyprus Rural Development Program 2014-2020, the beekeepers undertook commitments to pursue methods that benefit of bees and the protection of the birds.
Coverage:
Latitude: 34.782600 * Longitude: 33.000000
Minimum Elevation: 32.5 m * Maximum Elevation: 32.5 m
Event(s):
Paphos * Latitude: 34.782600 * Longitude: 33.000000 * Elevation: 32.5 m * Location: Cyprus
Comment:
For the reasearch, three areas were chosen which were located at the district of Paphos, in southwest of Cyprus.
Study area A was located at Marathounta Paphos, Cyprus (34° 46' 53.1408''N, 32° 29' 51.6048''E), where 120 bee colonies were situated. The area was on top of a hill, with low shrubs. Orchard crops and high trees were not present and bee-eaters could easily be located and counted. The electricity wires were 50 meters from the apiary. A second apiary of 85 bee colonies was located 300 meters far away from area A.
Study area B was located on a hillside in Tsada Paphos, Cyprus (34° 50' 15.3384''N, 32° 28' 30.1044''E) and has 200 bee colonies. It is an agricultural area with vineyards, individual trees and small shrubs. Electricity wires passed alongside the edge of the apiary. A second apiary consisting of 35 bee colonies was situated 200 meters from area B.
Study area C was located at Acheleia Paphos, Cyprus (34° 43' 43.8672''N, 32° 28' 30.1044''E), with 156 bee colonies. It was an agricultural area with citrus and annual cereals and characterized by dense grow of cypresses trees around the apiary. Electricity wires passed along the periphery of the apiary.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 File contentContentGeorgios, Goras
2 File nameFile nameGeorgios, Goras
3 File formatFile formatGeorgios, Goras
4 File sizeFile sizekByteGeorgios, Goras
5 Uniform resource locator/link to fileURL fileGeorgios, Goras
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
220 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Content		2 
File name		3 
File format		4 
File size [kByte]		5 
URL file
1 Two apiaries in experimental area, video1_Two_apiaries__in_experimental_areaMP419487.4181_Two_apiaries__in_experimental_area.mp4
2 Experimental Apiary, video2_Experimental_ApiaryMP410022.7482_Experimental_Apiary.mp4
3 Hanging shiny objects to chase the bee-eaters, video3_Hanging_shiny_objects_to_chase_the_bee-eatersMP47404.3703_Hanging_shiny_objects_to_chase_the_bee-eaters.mp4
4 Bird sounds from Birdchaser device, video4_Bird_sounds_from_Birdchaser_deviceMP411609.2744_Bird_sounds_from_Birdchaser_device.mp4
5 Scaring voices from bee eaters, video5_Scaring_voices_from_bee_eatersMP436232.9535_Scaring_voices_from_bee_eaters.mp4
6 Bee-eaters form a ring over the apiary 200-300 meters from apiary, video6_Bee-eaters_form_a_ring_over_the_apiary_200-300_meters_from_apiaryMP426962.6096_Bee-eaters_form_a_ring_over_the_apiary_200-300_meters_from_apiary.mp4
7 Restriction of bees into their hives, video7_Restriction_of_bees_into_their_hivesMP420122.3207_Restriction_of_bees_into_their_hives.mp4
8 The complete cease of bee flights, video8_The_complete_cease_of_bee_flightsMP416398.9578_The_complete_cease_of_bee_flights.mp4
9 No flights of bees with the present of bee-eaters, video9_No_flights_of_bees_with_the_present_of_bee-eatersMP416162.8409_No_flights_of_bees_with_the_present_of_bee-eaters.mp4
10 Flight of bees without bee-eaters, video10_Flight_of_bees_without_bee-eatersMP428676.83810_Flight_of_bees_without_bee-eaters.mp4
11 Bees ventilate the hive entrance after chasing of bee-eaters, video11_Bees_ventilate_the_hive_entrance_after_chasing_of_bee-eatersMP46147.19611_Bees_ventilate_the_hive_entrance_after_chasing_of_bee-eaters.mp4
12 Reproducing scaring voices of bee-eaters, video12_Reproducing_scaring_voices_of_bee-eatersMP410211.46212_Reproducing_scaring_voices_of_bee-eaters.mp4
13 No reaction to scaring voices, video13_No_reaction_to_scaring_voicesMP437759.12913_No_reaction_to_scaring_voices.mp4
14 Panic behaviour of bee-eaters, video14_Panic_behaviour_of_bee-eatersMP45836.37714_Panic_behaviour_of_bee-eaters.mp4
15 Dancing without bee eaters, video15_Dancing_without_bee_eatersMP475711.43015_Dancing_without_bee_eaters.mp4
16 Shaking movements bee-eaters present, video16_Shaking_movements_bee-eaters_presentMP4313108.46916_Shaking_movements_bee-eaters_present.mp4
17 Waggle dance bee-eaters absent, video17_Waggle_dance_bee-eaters_absentMP445341.94917_Waggle_dance_bee-eaters_absent.mp4
1 Counting the flying of the bees, photo1_Counting_the_flying_of_the_beesJPG3722.8561_Counting_the_flying_of_the_bees.JPG
2 Counting the flight of bees in the 2nd apiary, photo2_Counting_the_flight_of_bees_in_the_2nd_apiaryJPG3796.8112_Counting_the_flight_of_bees_in_the_2nd_apiary.JPG
3 Counting the brood, photo3_Counting_the_broodJPG3936.3603_Counting_the_brood.JPG
4 Installing hives on automatic weighting device, photo4_Installing_hives_on_automatic_weighting_deviceJPG3929.8464_Installing_hives_on_automatic_weighting_device.JPG
5 Closing the entrance of the hive to count the returning forage bee, photo5_Closing_the_entrance_of_the_hive_to_count_the_returning_forage_beeJPG3811.1915_Closing_the_entrance_of_the_hive_to_count_the_returning_forage_bee.JPG
6 Apiary with floating ballons and reflecting tapes, photo6_Apiary_with_floating_ballons_and_reflecting_tapesJPG3451.1516_Apiary_with_floating_ballons_and_reflecting_tapes.JPG
7 Floating ballons and reflecting the lights tapes, photo7_Floating_ballons_and_reflecting_the_lights_tapesJPG3752.1167_Floating_ballons_and_reflecting_the_lights_tapes.JPG
8 Butane cannon and reflecting tapes, photo8_Butane_cannon_and_reflecting_tapesJPG5563.4968_Butane_cannon_and_reflecting_tapes.JPG
9 Butane cannon beat every minute failled to chase beeeaters, photo9_Butane_cannon_beat_every_minute_failled_to_chase_beeeatersJPG3103.1379_Butane_cannon_beat_every_minute_failled_to_chase_beeeaters.JPG
10 Drinking bowls for bees used to count bees collecting water A, photo10_Drinking_bowls_for_bees_used_to_count_bees_collecting_water_AJPG3849.09510_Drinking_bowls_for_bees_used_to_count_bees_collecting_water_A.JPG
11 Drinking Bowls Bee eaters present, photo11_Drinking_Bowls_Bee_eaters_presentJPG4055.41811_Drinking_Bowls_Bee_eaters_present.JPG
12 Drinking bowls Bee-eaters absent B, photo12_Drinking_bowls_Bee-eaters_absent_BJPG3972.44712_Drinking_bowls_Bee-eaters_absent_B.JPG
13 Drinking bowls Bee-eaters absent, photo13_Drinking_bowls_Bee-eaters_absentJPG3805.81613_Drinking_bowls_Bee-eaters_absent.JPG
14 Pollen trap collects negletable amount of pollen due to bee-eaters, photo14_Pollen_trap_collects_negletable_amount_of_pollen_due_to_bee-eatersJPG3786.91214_Pollen_trap_collects_negletable_amount_of_pollen_due_to_bee-eaters.JPG
15 Shooting to chase the bee-eaters, photo15_Shooting__to_chase_the_bee-eatersJPG3862.71315_Shooting__to_chase_the_bee-eaters.JPG
16 Empty cartidges in the apiary area, photo16_Empty_cartidges_in_the_apiary_areaJPG4021.47116_Empty_cartidges_in_the_apiary_area.JPG
17 Observation hives and apiary, photo17_Observation_hives_and_apiaryJPG1290.68817_Observation_hives_and_apiary.jpg
18 Merop catch bee in the air, photo18_Merop_catch_bee_in_the_airJPG1134.26218_Merop_catch_bee_in_the_air.JPG
19 Bee-eaters on shrub perching and watching, photo19_Bee-eaters_on_shrub_perching_and_watchingJPG4437.59419_Bee-eaters_on_shrub_perching_and_watching.jpg
20 One merop on electricity wires, photo20_One_merop_on_electricity_wiresJPG4420.43320_One_merop_on_electricity_wires.JPG
21 Two merops on electricity wires, photo21_Two_merops_on_electricity_wiresJPG3178.22421_Two_merops_on_electricity_wires.JPG
22 Three merops on electricity wires, photo22_Three_merops_on_electricity_wiresJPG3938.44922_Three_merops_on_electricity_wires.JPG
23 Many merops on electricity wires, photo23_Many_merops_on_electricity_wiresJPG3243.51823_Many_merops_on_electricity_wires.JPG
24 Confinement of bees, photo24_Confinement_of_beesJPG3731.22524_Confinement_of_bees.JPG
25 The confinement of bees into their hives, photo25_The_confinement_of_bees_into_their_hivesJPG3903.91525_The_confinement_of_bees_into_their_hives.JPG
26 Scaring reaction of bee-eaters, photo26_Scaring_reaction_of_bee-eatersJPG5375.24826_Scaring_reaction_of_bee-eaters.JPG
27 Scaring reaction of bee eaters B, photo27_Scaring_reaction_of_bee_eaters_BJPG5231.15727_Scaring_reaction_of_bee_eaters_B.JPG