Giannakourou, Antonia; Pitta, Paraskevi: Abundance and Biomass from heterotrophic bacteria, Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus and Virus in the Aegean Sea in April 2008 during SES_GR1 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.853917 (unpublished dataset)
Abstract:
The HCMR_SES_LAGRANGIAN_GR1_ MICROBIAL PARAMETERS dataset is based on samples collected in the framework of the project SESAME, in the North Aegean Sea during April 2008. The objectives were to measure the standing stocks and calculate the production of the microbial compartment of the food web, describe the vertical distribution pattern and characterize its structure and function through the water column as influenced by the BSW.
Heterotrophic bacteria, Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus and Virus abundance: Subsamples for virus, heterotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria (Synechococcus spp. and Prochlorococcus spp.) counting were analyzed using a FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson) flow cytometer equipped with a standard laser (488 nm) and filter set and using deionized water as sheath fluid. Fluorescent beads with a diameter of 0.97 µm (Polysciences) were added to each sample as an internal standard, and all parameters were normalized to the beads and expressed as relative units. SYBRGreen I stain (Molecular Probe) was used to stain viral and heterotrophic bacterial DNA. Viruses were counted according to (Brussaard 1984). In order to avoid bulk consentrations of viruses samples we dilluted to Tris-EDTA (pH=8,0) buffer to a final sollution of 1/5 to 1/100. Total abundance and nucleid content classes were calculated using the Paint-A-Gate software (Becton Dickinson).
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellate abundance: Subsamples (30-150 ml) were concentrated on 25mm black polycarbonate filters of porosity 0.6µm and stained with DAPI for 10 min (Porter and Feig 1980). Under epifluorescence microscopy heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNAN) were distinguished using UV and blue excitation and enumerated. Nanoflagellates were classified in size categories and the biovolume was calculated.
Ciliate abundance: For ciliate identification and enumeration, 100-3000 ml samples were left for 24h-4d for sedimentation and then observed under an inverted microscope. Ciliates were counted, distinguished into size-classes and major taxonomic groups and identified down to genus or species level where possible (Pitta et al. 2005).
Heterotrophic bacteria, Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus biomass: Subsamples for virus, heterotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria (Synechococcus spp. and Prochlorococcus spp.) counting were analyzed using a FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson) flow cytometer equipped with a standard laser (488 nm) and filter set and using deionized water as sheath fluid. Fluorescent beads with a diameter of 0.97 µm (Polysciences) were added to each sample as an internal standard, and all parameters were normalized to the beads and expressed as relative units. SYBRGreen I stain (Molecular Probe) was used to stain viral and heterotrophic bacterial DNA. Viruses were counted according to (Brussaard 1984). In order to avoid bulk consentrations of viruses samples we dilluted to Tris-EDTA (pH=8,0) buffer to a final sollution of 1/5 to 1/100. Total abundance and nucleid content classes were calculated using the Paint-A-Gate software (Becton Dickinson). Abundance data were converted into C biomass using 250 fgC cell-1 (Kana & Glibert 1987) for Synechococcus, 50 fgC cell-1 (Campbell et al. 1994) for Prochlorococcus and 20fgC cell-1 (Lee & Fuhrman 1987) for heterotrophic bacteria.
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellate biomass: Subsamples (30-150 ml) were concentrated on 25mm black polycarbonate filters of porosity 0.6µm and stained with DAPI for 10 min (Porter and Feig 1980). Under epifluorescence microscopy heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNAN) were distinguished using UV and blue excitation and enumerated. Nanoflagellates were classified in size categories and the biovolume was calculated. Abundance data were converted into C biomass using 183 fgC µm**3 (Caron et al. 1995).
Ciliate biomass: For ciliate identification and enumeration, 100-3000 ml samples were left for 24h-4d for sedimentation and then observed under an inverted microscope. Ciliates were counted, distinguished into size-classes and major taxonomic groups and identified down to genus or species level where possible (Pitta et al. 2005). Ciliate cell sizes were measured and converted into cell volumes using appropriate geometric formulae using image analysis. For biomass estimation, the conversion factor 190 fgC µm**3 was used (Putt and Stoecker 1989).
Related to:
Giannakourou, Antonia; Pitta, Paraskevi: Bacterial production in the Aegean Sea in April 2008 during SES_GR1 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.853923
Further details:
Brussaard, Corina P D (2004): Optimization of Procedures for Counting Viruses by Flow Cytometry. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(3), 1506-1513, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.3.1506-1513.2004
Campbell, Lisa; Nolla, H A; Vaulot, Daniel (1994): The importance of Prochlorococcus to community structure in the central North Pacific Ocean. Limnology and Oceanography, 39(4), 954-961, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1994.39.4.0954
Caron, David A; Dam, Hans G; Kremer, Patricia; Lessard, Evelyn J; Madin, L P; Malone, T C; Napp, J M; Peele, E R; Roman, M R; Youngbluth, Marsh J (1995): The contribution of microorganisms to particulate carbon and nitrogen in surface waters of the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 42(6), 943-972, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(95)00027-4
Kana, Todd M; Glibert, P M (1987): Effect of irradiances up to 2000 µE m**-2 s**-1 on marine Synechococcus WH7803—I. Growth, pigmentation, and cell composition. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 34(4), 479-495, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(87)90001-X
Lee, S; Fuhrman, J A (1987): Relationships between biovolume and biomass of naturally derived marine bacterioplankton. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 53, 1298-1303
Pitta, Paraskevi; Stambler, Noga; Tanaka, Tsuneo; Tselepides, Anastasios; Rassoulzadegan, Fereidoun (2005): Biological response to P addition in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. The microbial race against time. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 52(22-23), 2961-2974, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.08.012
Porter, K G; Feig, Y S (1980): The use of DAPI for identifying and counting aquatic microflora. Limnology and Oceanography, 25(5), 943-948, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1980.25.5.0943
Putt, M; Stoecker, Diane K (1989): An experimentally determined carbon : volume ratio for marine "oligotrichous" ciliates from estuarine and coastal waters. Limnology and Oceanography, 34(6), 1097-1103, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1989.34.6.1097
Project(s):
Funding:
Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 36949: Southern European Seas: Assessing and Modelling Ecosystem Changes
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 40.230118 * Median Longitude: 25.249602 * South-bound Latitude: 39.984670 * West-bound Longitude: 24.642670 * North-bound Latitude: 40.513000 * East-bound Longitude: 25.585670
Date/Time Start: 2008-04-06T04:50:00 * Date/Time End: 2008-04-10T04:33:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 2 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 100 m
Event(s):
SES_GR1-00BS1_NIS (00BS1) * Latitude: 40.000000 * Longitude: 25.557000 * Date/Time: 2008-04-06T04:50:00 * Location: Aegean Sea * Campaign: SES_GR1 * Basis: Aegaeo * Method/Device: Bottle, Niskin (NIS) * Comment: All bottles fired. All bottles were checked before and after they were fired.
SES_GR1-00BS2_NIS (00BS2) * Latitude: 39.984670 * Longitude: 25.585670 * Date/Time: 2008-04-06T07:45:00 * Location: Aegean Sea * Campaign: SES_GR1 * Basis: Aegaeo * Method/Device: Bottle, Niskin (NIS) * Comment: All bottles fired. All bottles were checked before and after they were fired.
SES_GR1-00NA1_NIS (00NA1) * Latitude: 40.207670 * Longitude: 25.435670 * Date/Time: 2008-04-06T14:35:00 * Location: Aegean Sea * Campaign: SES_GR1 * Basis: Aegaeo * Method/Device: Bottle, Niskin (NIS) * Comment: All bottles fired. All bottles were checked before and after they were fired.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | Zervoudaki, Soultana | |||
| 2 | Optional event label | Event 2 | Zervoudaki, Soultana | |||
| 3 | Date/Time of event | Date/Time | Zervoudaki, Soultana | |||
| 4 | Latitude of event | Latitude | Zervoudaki, Soultana | |||
| 5 | Longitude of event | Longitude | Zervoudaki, Soultana | |||
| 6 | DEPTH, water | Depth water | m | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Geocode | |
| 7 | Bacteria, heterotrophic | HBA | #/ml | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Measured/Determined | |
| 8 | Prochlorococcus | Prochlorococcus | #/ml | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Measured/Determined | |
| 9 | Synechococcus | Synechococcus | #/ml | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Measured/Determined | |
| 10 | Viral abundance | Virus | #/ml | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Measured/Determined | |
| 11 | Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic | HNF | #/ml | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Measured/Determined | |
| 12 | Ciliates | Ciliates | #/l | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Measured/Determined | |
| 13 | Bacteria, heterotrophic, biomass as carbon | HBA C | µg/l | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Computed/Converted | |
| 14 | Prochlorococcus, biomass as carbon | Prochlorococcus C | µg/l | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Computed/Converted | |
| 15 | Synechococcus, biomass as carbon | Synechococcus C | µg/l | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Computed/Converted | |
| 16 | Nanoflagellates, biomass as carbon | Nanofl C | µg/l | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Computed/Converted | |
| 17 | Ciliates, biomass as carbon | Ciliates C | µg/l | Zervoudaki, Soultana | Computed/Converted |
Size:
504 data points