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Kim, Hyewon; Spivack, Arthur J; Menden-Deuer, Susanne (2013): Seawater carbonate chemistry and swimming behaviors of the raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo in a laboratory experiment [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.830804, Supplement to: Kim, H et al. (2013): pH alters the swimming behaviors of the raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo: Implications for bloom formation in an acidified ocean. Harmful Algae, 26, 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2013.03.004

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Abstract:
We investigated the effects of pH on movement behaviors of the harmful algal bloom causing raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo. Motility parameters from >8000 swimming tracks of individual cells were quantified using 3D digital video analysis over a 6-h period in 3 pH treatments reflecting marine carbonate chemistry during the pre-industrial era, currently, and the year 2100. Movement behaviors were investigated in two different acclimation-to-target-pH conditions: instantaneous exposure and acclimation of cells for at least 11 generations. There was no negative impairment of cell motility when exposed to elevated PCO2 (i.e., low pH) conditions but there were significant behavioral responses. Irrespective of acclimation condition, lower pH significantly increased downward velocity and frequency of downward swimming cells (p < 0.001). Rapid exposure to lower pH resulted in 9% faster downward vertical velocity and up to 19% more cells swimming downwards (p < 0.001). Compared to pH-shock experiments, pre-acclimation of cells to target pH resulted in ~30% faster swimming speed and up to 46% faster downward velocities (all p < 0.001). The effect of year 2100 PCO2 levels on population diffusivity in pre-acclimated cultures was >2-fold greater than in pH-shock treatments (2.2 × 105 µm**2/s vs. 8.4 × 104 µm**2/s). Predictions from an advection-diffusion model, suggest that as PCO2 increased the fraction of the population aggregated at the surface declined, and moved deeper in the water column. Enhanced downward swimming of H. akashiwo at low pH suggests that these behavioral responses to elevated PCO2 could reduce the likelihood of dense surface slick formation of H. akashiwo through reductions in light exposure or growth independent surface aggregations. We hypothesize that the HAB alga's response to higher PCO2 may exploit the signaling function of high PCO2 as indicative of net heterotrophy in the system, thus indicative of high predation rates or depletion of nutrients.
Keyword(s):
Behaviour; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Growth/Morphology; Heterosigma akashiwo; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; North Atlantic; Ochrophyta; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Single species
Further details:
Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4 [webpage]. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2014-03-21.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1IdentificationIDMenden-Deuer, Susanne
2SpeciesSpeciesMenden-Deuer, Susanne
3TreatmentTreatMenden-Deuer, Susanne
4Incubation durationInc durdaysMenden-Deuer, Susanne
5Growth rateµ1/dayMenden-Deuer, Susanne
6Growth rate, standard errorµ std e±Menden-Deuer, Susanne
7Cells equivalent spherical diameterESDcmMenden-Deuer, Susanne
8Cells equivalent spherical diameter, standard errorESD std e±Menden-Deuer, Susanne
9Speed, swimmingSp swimµm/sMenden-Deuer, Susanne
10Speed, swimming, standard errorSp swim std e±Menden-Deuer, Susanne
11Rate of turnROTdeg/minMenden-Deuer, Susanne
12Rate of turn, standard errorROT std e±Menden-Deuer, Susanne
13Velocity, verticalV vertcm/sMenden-Deuer, Susanneup
14Velocity, vertical, standard errorV vert std e±Menden-Deuer, Susanneup
15Velocity, verticalV vertcm/sMenden-Deuer, Susannedown
16Velocity, vertical, standard errorV vert std e±Menden-Deuer, Susannedown
17PercentagePerc%Menden-Deuer, Susanneupward population
18PercentagePerc%Menden-Deuer, Susannedownward population
19DiffusivityDiffusivityµm2/sMenden-Deuer, Susanne
20TracksTracks#Menden-Deuer, Susanneupward
21TracksTracks#Menden-Deuer, Susannedownward
22DeclinationDecldegMenden-Deuer, Susanneupward
23Declination, standard errorDecl std e±Menden-Deuer, Susanneupward
24DeclinationDecldegMenden-Deuer, Susannedownward
25Declination, standard errorDecl std e±Menden-Deuer, Susannedownward
26LengthlmmMenden-Deuer, Susanneup diff
27LengthlmmMenden-Deuer, Susannedown diff
28SalinitySalMenden-Deuer, Susanne
29Temperature, waterTemp°CMenden-Deuer, Susanne
30Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgMenden-Deuer, Susannebefore experiment
31Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard errorDIC std e±Menden-Deuer, Susannebefore experiment
32Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgMenden-Deuer, SusannePotentiometric titrationbefore experiment
33Alkalinity, total, standard errorAT std e±Menden-Deuer, SusannePotentiometric titrationbefore experiment
34Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgMenden-Deuer, Susanneafter experiment
35Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard errorDIC std e±Menden-Deuer, Susanneafter experiment
36Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgMenden-Deuer, SusannePotentiometric titrationafter experiment
37Alkalinity, total, standard errorAT std e±Menden-Deuer, SusannePotentiometric titrationafter experiment
38Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment, total scale
40Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment
41Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment
42Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment
43Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment
44Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment
45Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment
46Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)before experiment
47pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment, total scale
48Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment
49Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment
50Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment
51Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment
52Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment
53Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment
54Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)after experiment
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
1389 data points

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