Citation:

bg-9-1441-2012

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and net dissolution rate for experiment of Shiraho reef
Published: 2012
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

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Abstract:

Acidification of the oceans by increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions will cause a decrease in biogenic calcification and an increase in carbonate dissolution. Previous studies have suggested that carbonate dissolution will occur in polar regions and in the deep sea where saturation state with respect to carbonate minerals (Omega) will be <1 by 2100. Recent reports demonstrate nocturnal carbonate dissolution of reefs, despite a Omega a (aragonite saturation state) value of >1. This is probably related to the dissolution of reef carbonate (Mg-calcite), which is more soluble than aragonite. However, the threshold of Omega for the dissolution of natural sediments has not been clearly determined. We designed an experimental dissolution system with conditions mimicking those of a natural coral reef, and measured the dissolution rates of aragonite in corals, and of Mg-calcite excreted by other marine organisms, under conditions of Omega a > 1, with controlled seawater pCO2. The experimental data show that dissolution of bulk carbonate sediments sampled from a coral reef occurs at Omega a values of 3.7 to 3.8. Mg-calcite derived from foraminifera and coralline algae dissolves at Omega a values between 3.0 and 3.2, and coralline aragonite starts to dissolve when Omega a = 1.0. We show that nocturnal carbonate dissolution of coral reefs occurs mainly by the dissolution of foraminiferans and coralline algae in reef sediments.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: 24.367000 * Longitude: 124.250000

Event(s):

Shirahoreef * Latitude: 24.367000 * Longitude: 124.250000 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2013-10-13.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Treatment	Treat		Yamamoto, Shoji
2	Carbon dioxide, partial pressure	pCO2	ppmv	Yamamoto, Shoji	Infrared gas analyzer (NDIR)
3	Sample mass	Samp m	g	Yamamoto, Shoji
4	Duration	Duration	h	Yamamoto, Shoji
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Yamamoto, Shoji
6	Salinity	Sal		Yamamoto, Shoji
7	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yamamoto, Shoji	Potentiometric titration
8	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yamamoto, Shoji	Standardized to a constant salinity
9	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yamamoto, Shoji	Calculated using CO2SYS
10	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yamamoto, Shoji	Calculated using CO2SYS
11	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yamamoto, Shoji	Calculated using CO2SYS
12	Water volume	Water vol	kg	Yamamoto, Shoji
13	Dissolution rate	Diss rate	%/h	Yamamoto, Shoji
14	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
16	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
20	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
21	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

4606 data points

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