Citation:

bg-9-1441-2012

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and net dissolution rate for experiment of Shiraho reef
Published: 2012
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

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Abstract:

Acidification of the oceans by increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions will cause a decrease in biogenic calcification and an increase in carbonate dissolution. Previous studies have suggested that carbonate dissolution will occur in polar regions and in the deep sea where saturation state with respect to carbonate minerals (Omega) will be <1 by 2100. Recent reports demonstrate nocturnal carbonate dissolution of reefs, despite a Omega a (aragonite saturation state) value of >1. This is probably related to the dissolution of reef carbonate (Mg-calcite), which is more soluble than aragonite. However, the threshold of Omega for the dissolution of natural sediments has not been clearly determined. We designed an experimental dissolution system with conditions mimicking those of a natural coral reef, and measured the dissolution rates of aragonite in corals, and of Mg-calcite excreted by other marine organisms, under conditions of Omega a > 1, with controlled seawater pCO2. The experimental data show that dissolution of bulk carbonate sediments sampled from a coral reef occurs at Omega a values of 3.7 to 3.8. Mg-calcite derived from foraminifera and coralline algae dissolves at Omega a values between 3.0 and 3.2, and coralline aragonite starts to dissolve when Omega a = 1.0. We show that nocturnal carbonate dissolution of coral reefs occurs mainly by the dissolution of foraminiferans and coralline algae in reef sediments.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Rocky-shore community; Temperate

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: 24.367000 * Longitude: 124.250000

Event(s):

Shirahoreef * Latitude: 24.367000 * Longitude: 124.250000 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2013-10-13.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Treatment	Treat		Yamamoto, Shoji
2	Carbon dioxide, partial pressure	pCO2	ppmv	Yamamoto, Shoji	Infrared gas analyzer (NDIR)
3	Sample mass	Samp m	g	Yamamoto, Shoji
4	Duration	Duration	h	Yamamoto, Shoji
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Yamamoto, Shoji
6	Salinity	Sal		Yamamoto, Shoji
7	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yamamoto, Shoji	Potentiometric titration
8	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yamamoto, Shoji	Standardized to a constant salinity
9	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yamamoto, Shoji	Calculated using CO2SYS
10	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yamamoto, Shoji	Calculated using CO2SYS
11	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yamamoto, Shoji	Calculated using CO2SYS
12	Water volume	Water vol	kg	Yamamoto, Shoji
13	Dissolution rate	Diss rate	%/h	Yamamoto, Shoji
14	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
16	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
20	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
21	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

4606 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Treat	2 pCO2 [ppmv] (Infrared gas analyzer (NDIR))	3 Samp m [g]	4 Duration [h]	5 Temp [°C]	6 Sal	7 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	8 AT [µmol/kg] (Standardized to a constant sa...)	9 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	10 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	11 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	12 Water vol [kg]	13 Diss rate [%/h]	14 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	15 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	16 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	17 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	18 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	19 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	20 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	21 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	22 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	0.00	26.6	34.55	2460	2459	2387	1703	1.36	3757		15	7.52	47	1712	1707	2256	85	1.36	2.05
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	1.00	26.1	34.56	2463	2461	2391	1694	1.34	3600		15	7.52	47	1696	1691	2260	84	1.34	2.03
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	1.25	26.0	34.57	2467	2465	2409	1856	1.24	3444	0.006	15	7.49	52	1863	1858	2280	78	1.24	1.88
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	2.25	25.9	34.58	2471	2468	2389	1573	1.43	3288		15	7.55	44	1582	1577	2256	89	1.42	2.15
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	2.50	25.9	34.58	2469	2465	2406	1792	1.28	3236	0.004	15	7.50	50	1797	1791	2276	80	1.28	1.93
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	3.50	26.0	34.60	2477	2472	2414	1806	1.28	3080		15	7.50	50	1811	1805	2284	80	1.28	1.94
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	3.75	26.0	34.60	2474	2469	2417	1878	1.24	3028	0.004	15	7.48	52	1884	1878	2288	77	1.23	1.87
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	5.00	26.0	34.62	2480	2474	2391	1518	1.49	2871		15	7.57	42	1524	1520	2256	93	1.48	2.25
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	5.25	26.0	34.62	2482	2475	2398	1579	1.44	2819	0.003	15	7.56	44	1577	1572	2264	90	1.44	2.19
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	6.50	26.3	34.64	2488	2480	2389	1447	1.58	2663		15	7.59	40	1451	1446	2251	98	1.57	2.38
Bulk sediment Run#1	2030	12.68	6.75	26.3	34.64	2489	2480	2406	1612	1.44	2611	0.004	15	7.55	44	1612	1607	2271	90	1.44	2.18
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	0.00	28.8	34.44	2386	2392	2268	1318	1.73	4395		15	7.61	34	1319	1315	2127	107	1.74	2.61
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	1.08	27.7	34.45	2389	2395	2251	1093	1.94	4239		15	7.68	30	1119	1116	2104	118	1.90	2.86
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	1.33	27.4	34.45	2388	2394	2250	1080	1.93	4082		15	7.68	30	1106	1103	2103	118	1.89	2.86
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	1.58	27.1	34.46	2390	2395	2246	1034	1.98	3926	0.004	15	7.70	28	1056	1053	2097	121	1.95	2.93
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	2.83	26.6	34.48	2395	2398	2243	973	2.04	3770		15	7.72	27	991	988	2090	126	2.01	3.04
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	3.08	26.5	34.49	2395	2398	2245	980	2.03	3614	0.003	15	7.72	27	999	996	2093	124	1.99	3.01
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	4.33	26.5	34.51	2400	2401	2247	964	2.06	3457		15	7.73	27	985	982	2094	126	2.02	3.06
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	4.58	26.5	34.52	2399	2400	2246	963	2.06	3301		15	7.73	27	985	982	2093	126	2.02	3.06
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	4.83	26.4	34.52	2400	2401	2249	973	2.04	3145		15	7.72	27	994	990	2097	125	2.00	3.03
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	5.08	26.4	34.53	2399	2399	2260	1046	1.92	2989	0.002	15	7.70	29	1068	1065	2113	118	1.89	2.86
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	5.83	26.5	34.54	2400	2399	2260	1044	1.94	2832		15	7.70	29	1067	1064	2112	119	1.90	2.87
Bulk sediment Run#2	1290	15.72	6.08	26.5	34.55	2401	2400	2259	1026	1.96	2676	-0.001	15	7.70	29	1055	1052	2110	120	1.92	2.90
Bulk sediment Run#3	1110	11.33	0.00	27.8	34.45	2400	2405	2226	935	2.20	3294		15	7.76	24	914	911	2063	139	2.25	3.38
Bulk sediment Run#3	1110	11.33	1.50	26.8	34.49	2407	2410	2250	998	2.02	2981		15	7.73	27	977	974	2095	129	2.07	3.12
Bulk sediment Run#3	1110	11.33	1.75	26.7	34.50	2405	2407	2249	1004	2.00	2825	0.001	15	7.73	27	978	975	2094	128	2.06	3.11
Bulk sediment Run#3	1110	11.33	3.00	26.6	34.53	2405	2405	2221	845	2.28	2669	-0.001	15	7.79	23	829	827	2053	145	2.32	3.51
Bulk sediment Run#3	1110	11.33	5.00	26.5	34.58	2416	2413	2216	777	2.44	2357	0.002	15	7.83	21	763	760	2040	155	2.48	3.75
Bulk sediment Run#3	1110	11.33	6.25	26.4	34.61	2421	2415	2216	758	2.48	2200	0.002	15	7.84	20	743	740	2037	158	2.53	3.83
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	0.00	27.8	34.55	2374	2372	2146	667	2.77	4098		15	7.87	18	668	666	1957	172	2.77	4.17
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	2.50	26.8	34.55	2377	2375	2154	661	2.70	3786		15	7.87	18	662	660	1968	168	2.70	4.08
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	2.75	26.8	34.55	2381	2379	2158	661	2.70	3630	0.001	15	7.87	18	664	662	1972	168	2.70	4.08
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	3.75	26.7	34.56	2379	2377	2165	688	2.62	3473		15	7.86	19	693	691	1984	163	2.61	3.94
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	4.00	26.7	34.56	2377	2375	2162	688	2.61	3317	0.003	15	7.86	19	688	686	1980	163	2.62	3.95
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	7.08	26.5	34.56	2389	2386	2183	725	2.52	3161		15	7.84	20	723	721	2005	158	2.53	3.82
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	7.33	26.4	34.56	2387	2385	2185	732	2.49	3005		15	7.84	20	735	733	2010	155	2.49	3.76
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	7.58	26.2	34.56	2388	2385	2185	724	2.49	2900	0.003	15	7.84	20	726	724	2009	156	2.49	3.77
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	9.00	26.0	34.57	2392	2389	2186	710	2.52	2744		15	7.85	20	711	709	2009	158	2.52	3.82
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	9.25	26.0	34.57	2393	2390	2184	699	2.55	2588		15	7.86	19	700	698	2005	160	2.55	3.86
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	9.50	25.8	34.57	2395	2393	2192	714	2.49	2432		15	7.85	20	719	716	2016	156	2.49	3.77
Bulk sediment Run#4	820	14.11	9.75	25.5	34.57	2398	2395	2186	679	2.57	2275	0.003	15	7.87	19	678	676	2006	161	2.57	3.90
Bulk sediment Run#5	750	10.65	0.00	29.4	34.44	2372	2378	2160	767	2.64	3431		15	7.82	20	771	768	1978	162	2.64	3.96
Bulk sediment Run#5	750	10.65	2.25	27.7	34.51	2378	2379	2136	621	2.90	2764	0.001	15	7.90	16	621	619	1939	181	2.91	4.39
Bulk sediment Run#5	750	10.65	4.50	29.5	34.56	2383	2381	2160	734	2.76	2296	0.001	15	7.83	19	738	736	1972	169	2.76	4.13
Bulk sediment Run#5	750	10.65	6.00	29.8	34.60	2390	2384	2167	751	2.76	2140		15	7.83	19	752	749	1978	170	2.77	4.14
Bulk sediment Run#5	750	10.65	6.50	30.0	34.61	2392	2386	2168	751	2.78	1983	0.003	15	7.83	19	755	753	1978	171	2.78	4.16
Bulk sediment Run#5	750	10.65	7.00	30.2	34.63	2394	2387	2163	733	2.85	1827		15	7.84	18	735	733	1970	175	2.86	4.27
Bulk sediment Run#5	750	10.65	7.25	30.2	34.63	2393	2386	2165	741	2.83	1671	0.001	15	7.83	19	746	744	1973	173	2.83	4.22
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	0.00	26.8	34.47	2400	2404	2104	466	3.47	3962		15	8.00	13	468	466	1875	216	3.47	5.23
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	0.75	26.4	34.48	2399	2402	2094	440	3.55	3806		15	8.02	12	441	440	1860	222	3.55	5.37
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	1.00	26.4	34.48	2400	2404	2088	427	3.62	3754	-0.002	15	8.04	12	427	426	1850	226	3.62	5.48
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	1.75	26.3	34.48	2400	2403	2070	389	3.83	3598		15	8.07	11	392	391	1821	238	3.81	5.76
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	2.00	26.3	34.48	2399	2403	2063	377	3.90	3545	-0.001	15	8.08	10	381	380	1811	242	3.87	5.86
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	2.75	26.4	34.49	2400	2403	2082	412	3.70	3389		15	8.05	11	416	414	1841	230	3.69	5.57
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	3.00	26.4	34.49	2400	2403	2083	415	3.68	3337	0.000	15	8.04	11	418	416	1842	229	3.67	5.56
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	3.92	26.4	34.49	2404	2406	2089	422	3.66	3285		15	8.04	12	423	422	1849	228	3.66	5.53
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	4.00	26.4	34.49	2403	2405	2069	387	3.86	3129		15	8.07	11	388	386	1818	241	3.86	5.83
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	4.25	26.5	34.49	2405	2408	2076	397	3.81	2973		15	8.06	11	399	397	1828	237	3.81	5.75
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	4.50	26.5	34.50	2404	2406	2063	376	3.94	2816		15	8.08	10	378	376	1807	245	3.93	5.94
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	4.75	26.5	34.50	2406	2408	2070	386	3.88	2660		15	8.07	11	387	386	1817	242	3.88	5.87
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	5.00	26.5	34.50	2406	2408	2072	390	3.85	2577	0.000	15	8.07	11	390	389	1821	241	3.86	5.83
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	6.75	26.4	34.51	2407	2409	2072	385	3.88	2420		15	8.07	11	387	386	1820	241	3.87	5.85
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	7.00	26.4	34.51	2407	2409	2075	391	3.84	2368	0.001	15	8.07	11	393	391	1825	239	3.84	5.80
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	7.75	26.3	34.51	2408	2409	2076	390	3.84	2212		15	8.07	11	391	390	1826	239	3.83	5.80
Bulk sediment Run#6	590	13.23	8.00	26.3	34.51	2410	2411	2073	383	3.89	2160	0.001	15	8.08	11	383	382	1820	243	3.89	5.88
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	0.00	26.4	34.50	2394	2395	2095	452	3.48	2998		15	8.02	12	452	450	1865	217	3.48	5.27
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	1.00	25.7	34.51	2394	2395	2094	436	3.48	2842		15	8.03	12	437	436	1864	218	3.48	5.27
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	1.25	25.7	34.51	2393	2394	2082	415	3.59	2790	-0.001	15	8.05	12	415	414	1846	225	3.59	5.44
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	3.53	25.7	34.52	2390	2391	2084	423	3.54	2603		15	8.04	12	424	423	1851	222	3.54	5.36
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	3.83	25.7	34.52	2389	2389	2064	389	3.73	2446		15	8.07	11	388	387	1819	234	3.73	5.66
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	4.08	25.8	34.52	2390	2390	2072	402	3.66	2290		15	8.06	11	403	401	1831	229	3.66	5.55
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	4.33	25.8	34.52	2389	2390	2078	416	3.60	2134		15	8.04	12	416	414	1842	225	3.59	5.44
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	4.58	25.8	34.52	2391	2391	2083	423	3.55	1957	0.000	15	8.04	12	422	421	1848	223	3.56	5.39
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	6.40	25.8	34.53	2392	2392	2081	416	3.59	1790		15	8.04	12	417	415	1845	225	3.59	5.44
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	6.67	25.8	34.53	2393	2393	2091	434	3.50	1634		15	8.03	12	435	434	1860	219	3.50	5.30
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	6.92	25.8	34.53	2393	2393	2076	405	3.66	1446		15	8.05	11	406	404	1836	229	3.65	5.54
Bulk sediment Run#7	420	10.25	7.22	25.8	34.53	2393	2393	2092	435	3.49	1290	0.001	15	8.03	12	437	436	1861	218	3.49	5.28
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	0.00	26.3	34.31	2412	2427	2375	2115	1.07	3721		15	7.43	58	2114	2108	2250	67	1.07	1.63
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	1.00	26.0	34.32	2423	2437	2393	2206	1.03	3564		15	7.41	61	2210	2203	2267	64	1.03	1.56
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	1.25	26.0	34.32	2423	2437	2394	2227	1.02	3512	0.019	15	7.41	62	2226	2219	2268	64	1.02	1.55
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	2.00	26.1	34.34	2429	2442	2379	1932	1.17	3356		15	7.47	53	1933	1927	2253	73	1.17	1.77
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	2.25	26.1	34.34	2430	2444	2404	2287	1.01	3304		15	7.40	63	2289	2281	2278	63	1.01	1.53
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	2.33	26.1	34.34	2428	2442	2407	2361	0.98	3200	0.007	15	7.38	65	2369	2361	2281	61	0.98	1.48
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	3.75	26.2	34.36	2448	2460	2414	2191	1.07	3044		15	7.42	60	2188	2182	2287	67	1.07	1.62
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	4.00	26.2	34.36	2448	2460	2415	2203	1.06	2992	0.013	15	7.42	61	2204	2197	2288	66	1.06	1.61
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	5.00	26.2	34.37	2457	2468	2424	2207	1.07	2835		15	7.42	61	2213	2206	2296	67	1.07	1.61
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	5.25	26.2	34.37	2457	2468	2420	2155	1.09	2783	0.008	15	7.43	59	2152	2145	2293	68	1.09	1.65
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	6.50	26.2	34.39	2471	2481	2434	2159	1.10	2627		15	7.43	60	2166	2159	2306	69	1.10	1.66
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	6.75	26.2	34.39	2472	2481	2434	2159	1.10	2575	0.009	15	7.43	59	2152	2145	2306	69	1.11	1.67
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	8.00	26.3	34.41	2487	2496	2447	2129	1.13	2419		15	7.43	59	2144	2138	2318	70	1.13	1.70
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	8.25	26.3	34.41	2487	2495	2447	2145	1.12	2367	0.010	15	7.43	59	2144	2138	2318	70	1.13	1.70
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	9.00	26.3	34.42	2498	2505	2454	2102	1.15	2210		15	7.44	58	2097	2090	2324	72	1.16	1.75
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#1	2000	12.55	9.25	26.3	34.43	2499	2507	2457	2124	1.14	2158	0.009	15	7.44	58	2127	2120	2327	71	1.15	1.73
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	0.00	26.6	33.98	2331	2368	2192	1014	1.87	3651		15	7.71	28	1016	1013	2048	116	1.87	2.83
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	2.08	26.0	34.03	2341	2375	2228	1182	1.63	3286		15	7.65	33	1184	1180	2093	102	1.63	2.47
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	2.33	26.0	34.03	2341	2375	2211	1058	1.78	3234	0.004	15	7.69	29	1060	1057	2070	111	1.78	2.70
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	3.30	26.0	34.06	2345	2378	2234	1196	1.62	3114		15	7.64	33	1203	1200	2100	101	1.62	2.45
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	3.50	26.0	34.06	2346	2379	2234	1194	1.63	3052	0.003	15	7.64	33	1196	1192	2099	101	1.63	2.46
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	4.08	26.0	34.07	2351	2382	2221	1067	1.79	2896		15	7.69	30	1068	1064	2080	112	1.79	2.71
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	4.33	26.0	34.08	2352	2383	2235	1159	1.67	2843	0.007	15	7.66	32	1162	1159	2098	104	1.67	2.53
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	5.58	26.0	34.11	2359	2388	2242	1164	1.68	2687		15	7.65	32	1168	1165	2105	104	1.67	2.54
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	5.83	26.0	34.11	2359	2388	2240	1155	1.69	2635	0.004	15	7.66	32	1153	1150	2102	106	1.69	2.56
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	6.58	25.9	34.13	2363	2391	2245	1154	1.69	2479		15	7.66	32	1160	1156	2108	105	1.68	2.55
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	6.83	25.9	34.13	2364	2392	2248	1168	1.67	2427	0.003	15	7.65	33	1176	1172	2111	104	1.67	2.52
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	7.75	26.0	34.16	2371	2397	2249	1133	1.73	2271		15	7.67	32	1141	1137	2110	108	1.72	2.61
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#2	1070	12.33	8.00	26.0	34.16	2373	2398	2253	1158	1.70	2218	0.005	15	7.66	32	1157	1154	2114	107	1.71	2.59
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	0.00	26.5	34.51	2394	2395	2222	877	2.20	3242		15	7.77	24	877	874	2061	137	2.20	3.33
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	1.67	26.0	34.52	2397	2398	2181	671	2.63	3086		15	7.87	19	675	673	1998	164	2.62	3.97
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	1.92	25.9	34.52	2398	2399	2172	639	2.72	3033	0.006	15	7.89	18	639	637	1984	170	2.72	4.12
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	3.95	25.6	34.52	2403	2404	2179	637	2.71	2846		15	7.89	18	640	638	1992	169	2.70	4.09
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	4.25	25.6	34.52	2405	2406	2170	604	2.82	2794	0.004	15	7.91	17	605	604	1977	176	2.81	4.26
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	5.10	25.5	34.53	2406	2407	2190	665	2.62	2648		15	7.88	19	667	665	2007	164	2.62	3.97
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	5.33	25.5	34.53	2407	2407	2192	669	2.62	2492	0.002	15	7.87	19	671	669	2010	164	2.61	3.96
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	5.58	25.6	34.53	2410	2410	2187	645	2.70	2336		15	7.89	18	647	645	2000	169	2.69	4.08
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#3	830	10.86	5.83	25.6	34.53	2413	2413	2202	691	2.57	2185	0.010	15	7.86	19	691	689	2021	161	2.57	3.90
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	0.00	26.2	34.33	2369	2382	2107	522	3.08	2677		15	7.96	14	523	521	1900	193	3.09	4.67
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	1.00	26.2	34.34	2371	2384	2131	585	2.86	2521	0.000	15	7.92	16	585	584	1936	179	2.86	4.33
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	1.25	26.2	34.34	2369	2382	2129	584	2.86	2469		15	7.92	16	585	583	1934	179	2.86	4.33
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	2.75	26.2	34.34	2375	2388	2133	578	2.89	2313	0.003	15	7.92	16	581	580	1937	180	2.89	4.37
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	3.00	26.2	34.34	2375	2387	2132	577	2.89	2261		15	7.92	16	578	577	1935	181	2.90	4.38
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	4.25	26.3	34.35	2376	2389	2138	594	2.85	2105	0.001	15	7.91	16	596	595	1944	178	2.85	4.31
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	4.50	26.3	34.35	2377	2390	2137	588	2.87	2053		15	7.92	16	591	589	1942	179	2.87	4.34
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	5.75	26.3	34.35	2379	2392	2137	583	2.90	1896	0.001	15	7.92	16	586	584	1941	180	2.89	4.37
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	6.00	26.3	34.35	2380	2392	2139	588	2.88	1844		15	7.92	16	589	587	1943	180	2.88	4.36
Coralline algae (macroalgae) Run#4	570	12.55	7.00	26.3	34.36	2382	2394	2143	594	2.86	1688	0.001	15	7.91	16	596	594	1948	178	2.86	4.33
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	0.00	29.2	34.52	2424	2425	2375	2109	1.23	3482		15	7.42	55	2165	2159	2246	74	1.20	1.80
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	1.25	26.6	34.54	2432	2431	2393	2127	1.10	3326		15	7.43	58	2134	2127	2266	69	1.10	1.66
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	1.50	26.6	34.54	2434	2433	2400	2208	1.07	3269	0.013	15	7.41	60	2211	2205	2273	67	1.07	1.61
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	2.25	26.4	34.55	2438	2436	2388	1968	1.17	3112		15	7.46	54	1969	1962	2261	73	1.18	1.78
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	2.50	26.3	34.56	2438	2436	2413	2337	1.01	3029	0.005	15	7.39	64	2336	2329	2286	63	1.01	1.52
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	3.92	26.3	34.58	2446	2443	2417	2270	1.04	2873		15	7.40	63	2280	2273	2290	65	1.04	1.57
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	4.17	26.3	34.58	2447	2443	2419	2299	1.03	2821	0.005	15	7.40	63	2297	2290	2292	64	1.03	1.56
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	6.25	26.3	34.61	2459	2453	2428	2247	1.06	2665		15	7.41	62	2262	2255	2300	66	1.05	1.59
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	6.50	26.3	34.61	2458	2452	2429	2292	1.04	2613	0.005	15	7.40	63	2293	2286	2301	65	1.04	1.57
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	7.33	26.3	34.63	2464	2457	2434	2268	1.05	2508		15	7.40	63	2283	2276	2306	66	1.05	1.59
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	7.58	26.3	34.63	2463	2456	2437	2342	1.02	2456	0.004	15	7.39	64	2347	2339	2309	64	1.02	1.55
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	8.17	26.3	34.64	2463	2455	2441	2414	1.00	2352		15	7.38	66	2413	2405	2312	62	1.00	1.51
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	8.42	26.3	34.64	2468	2460	2442	2342	1.03	2300		15	7.39	65	2352	2345	2313	64	1.03	1.55
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#1	2210	11.64	8.50	26.3	34.65	2465	2457	2442	2380	1.01	2144	0.001	15	7.38	66	2399	2391	2313	63	1.01	1.52
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	0.00	27.5	34.51	2436	2437	2262	925	2.26	2889		15	7.76	25	928	925	2097	140	2.26	3.40
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	0.75	26.6	34.53	2437	2437	2273	947	2.15	2733		15	7.75	26	951	948	2113	134	2.15	3.24
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	1.00	26.6	34.53	2438	2438	2281	988	2.08	2681	0.001	15	7.73	27	991	988	2124	130	2.08	3.14
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	2.00	26.2	34.55	2442	2440	2285	977	2.08	2524		15	7.74	27	979	976	2128	130	2.07	3.14
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	2.25	26.2	34.55	2442	2440	2287	993	2.05	2472	0.003	15	7.73	27	991	988	2131	128	2.05	3.11
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	3.50	26.2	34.58	2447	2443	2288	970	2.10	2316		15	7.74	27	972	969	2130	131	2.09	3.17
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	3.75	26.2	34.59	2447	2443	2291	986	2.07	2264	0.002	15	7.73	27	989	986	2135	129	2.07	3.12
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	4.50	26.1	34.60	2449	2444	2289	958	2.11	2108		15	7.74	27	964	961	2131	132	2.10	3.18
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	4.75	26.1	34.61	2450	2444	2289	959	2.11	2056	0.001	15	7.74	26	960	957	2130	132	2.11	3.20
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	5.50	26.1	34.63	2455	2448	2278	878	2.27	1899		15	7.78	24	879	876	2112	142	2.27	3.43
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#2	1240	10.23	5.75	26.1	34.63	2454	2447	2278	880	1.85	1847	0.003	15	7.78	24	883	880	2112	141	2.26	3.42
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	0.00	26.4	34.08	2326	2356	2086	563	2.86	3387		15	7.93	16	565	563	1893	177	2.85	4.31
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	0.75	26.0	34.08	2326	2356	2083	546	2.88	3231		15	7.94	15	548	546	1889	179	2.87	4.35
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	1.00	26.1	34.08	2325	2355	2081	546	2.88	3179	-0.001	15	7.94	15	547	545	1886	180	2.89	4.37
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	3.00	26.3	34.09	2325	2354	2081	552	2.88	3022		15	7.93	15	551	549	1886	180	2.89	4.37
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	3.25	26.3	34.09	2325	2355	2073	528	2.97	2970	-0.001	15	7.95	15	529	527	1873	185	2.97	4.50
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	4.25	26.3	34.09	2332	2362	2069	500	3.10	2866		15	7.97	14	503	502	1863	192	3.09	4.67
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	4.50	26.3	34.10	2331	2361	2075	520	3.01	2731	0.006	15	7.96	14	521	519	1873	188	3.01	4.56
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	6.25	26.3	34.10	2334	2364	2094	566	2.85	2575		15	7.93	16	567	565	1901	178	2.85	4.32
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	6.50	26.3	34.10	2334	2363	2096	570	2.84	2522	0.001	15	7.92	16	573	571	1904	176	2.83	4.29
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	7.75	26.4	34.11	2337	2366	2099	575	2.84	2366		15	7.92	16	577	575	1907	177	2.84	4.29
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	8.00	26.5	34.11	2336	2365	2102	587	2.80	2210		15	7.91	16	591	589	1912	174	2.80	4.23
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	8.25	26.5	34.11	2336	2365	2098	576	2.84	2054	0.001	15	7.92	16	579	577	1906	177	2.84	4.29
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	9.50	26.5	34.11	2341	2370	2109	597	2.78	1897		15	7.91	16	599	598	1920	173	2.78	4.20
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#3	570	11.49	9.75	26.5	34.11	2342	2371	2106	585	2.83	1845	0.003	15	7.91	16	587	586	1914	176	2.82	4.27
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	0.00	26.5	34.37	2403	2414	2135	527	3.18	3694		15	7.96	14	529	527	1923	198	3.17	4.80
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	1.00	26.2	34.37	2399	2409	2136	532	3.11	3537		15	7.96	15	534	532	1927	194	3.11	4.71
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	1.25	26.1	34.38	2398	2409	2133	524	3.14	3485	-0.008	15	7.96	15	526	524	1923	196	3.13	4.74
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	2.00	26.0	34.38	2401	2411	2139	533	3.09	3329		15	7.96	15	533	531	1931	194	3.10	4.69
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	2.25	26.0	34.38	2402	2412	2125	496	3.25	3277	-0.001	15	7.98	14	496	494	1908	203	3.25	4.93
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	4.17	26.0	34.38	2400	2410	2138	530	3.11	3121		15	7.96	15	533	531	1930	194	3.10	4.69
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	4.42	26.0	34.38	2402	2412	2137	525	3.13	3069	0.000	15	7.96	15	526	524	1927	196	3.13	4.74
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	5.17	26.0	34.39	2401	2411	2129	507	3.20	2912		15	7.98	14	508	506	1915	200	3.20	4.85
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	5.42	26.0	34.39	2399	2409	2127	506	3.20	2853	-0.002	15	7.98	14	507	505	1913	200	3.20	4.85
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	6.75	26.1	34.39	2406	2415	2133	509	3.21	2697		15	7.97	14	509	508	1918	201	3.22	4.87
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	7.00	26.1	34.39	2403	2412	2121	484	3.31	2645	0.003	15	7.99	13	486	485	1901	207	3.31	5.01
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	9.00	26.3	34.40	2402	2411	2125	499	3.26	2333		15	7.98	14	502	500	1908	203	3.26	4.93
Foraminifera (Protist) Run#4	510	12.47	9.25	26.3	34.40	2402	2411	2123	494	3.29	2281	-0.001	15	7.98	14	497	496	1905	205	3.28	4.96
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	0.00	26.3	34.50	2436	2437	2390	2017	1.14	3684		15	7.45	55	2013	2007	2263	72	1.15	1.73
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	1.00	26.0	34.51	2435	2436	2412	2302	1.00	3528		15	7.39	65	2341	2334	2285	62	0.99	1.50
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	1.25	25.9	34.51	2437	2438	2392	1977	1.14	3476	0.000	15	7.45	56	2001	1995	2266	71	1.13	1.72
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	2.17	25.7	34.52	2442	2442	2412	2207	1.03	3320		15	7.41	62	2213	2206	2286	65	1.03	1.57
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	2.42	25.7	34.53	2442	2442	2397	1980	1.14	3268	0.005	15	7.45	56	1993	1986	2270	71	1.13	1.72
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	3.50	25.5	34.54	2442	2441	2418	2252	1.01	3111		15	7.40	64	2294	2286	2291	62	0.99	1.51
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	3.75	25.5	34.54	2442	2441	2421	2293	0.99	3059	-0.001	15	7.39	66	2342	2335	2294	61	0.97	1.48
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	4.50	25.4	34.55	2447	2446	2396	1871	1.18	2903		15	7.47	53	1896	1890	2269	74	1.17	1.78
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	4.75	25.3	34.55	2448	2447	2425	2261	1.00	2747		15	7.40	65	2300	2293	2298	62	0.99	1.50
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	5.00	25.3	34.55	2447	2446	2428	2308	0.98	2590		15	7.38	67	2365	2357	2301	60	0.96	1.46
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	5.25	25.2	34.55	2450	2448	2425	2220	1.02	2434	0.004	15	7.40	64	2262	2255	2298	63	1.00	1.52
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	6.50	25.2	34.57	2454	2452	2433	2265	1.00	2278		15	7.39	66	2331	2324	2306	61	0.98	1.48
Coral Run#1	2100	12.94	6.75	25.2	34.57	2455	2452	2421	2071	1.09	2226	0.003	15	7.43	60	2129	2123	2294	66	1.06	1.60
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	0.00	26.5	34.84	2579	2556	2473	1470	1.68	3773		15	7.60	40	1477	1472	2328	105	1.68	2.53
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	1.00	25.9	34.85	2582	2558	2461	1311	1.80	3617		15	7.64	37	1320	1316	2312	113	1.80	2.72
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	1.25	25.8	34.85	2581	2557	2486	1549	1.57	3565	0.004	15	7.58	43	1544	1540	2344	99	1.57	2.38
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	2.50	25.7	34.86	2582	2557	2482	1483	1.62	3408		15	7.59	42	1492	1487	2339	101	1.61	2.44
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	2.75	25.7	34.86	2583	2558	2493	1589	1.53	3356	0.000	15	7.57	44	1591	1586	2353	96	1.53	2.32
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	4.17	25.6	34.87	2583	2557	2495	1604	1.51	3200		15	7.56	45	1605	1600	2355	95	1.51	2.29
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	4.42	25.6	34.88	2583	2557	2485	1499	1.59	3148	0.000	15	7.59	42	1507	1502	2343	100	1.59	2.42
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	5.67	25.5	34.89	2585	2558	2487	1506	1.59	2992		15	7.59	42	1503	1499	2345	100	1.59	2.41
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	5.92	25.5	34.89	2587	2560	2491	1519	1.59	2940	0.002	15	7.58	43	1524	1519	2349	99	1.58	2.39
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	7.00	25.6	34.90	2583	2556	2488	1526	1.58	2783		15	7.58	43	1536	1532	2347	99	1.57	2.38
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	7.25	25.6	34.90	2582	2555	2498	1645	1.48	2731	-0.003	15	7.55	46	1647	1642	2359	93	1.48	2.24
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	9.17	25.6	34.91	2585	2557	2487	1503	1.60	2523		15	7.59	42	1510	1505	2345	100	1.60	2.42
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	9.50	25.6	34.91	2586	2558	2488	1507	1.60	2367		15	7.59	42	1510	1506	2346	100	1.60	2.42
Coral Run#2	1550	12.72	9.75	25.6	34.92	2586	2558	2504	1662	1.47	2210	0.001	15	7.55	47	1673	1667	2365	92	1.47	2.22
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	0.00	26.4	34.41	2411	2419	2233	853	2.26	3852		15	7.78	23	852	850	2068	141	2.27	3.43
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	0.83	26.0	34.44	2409	2416	2250	930	2.08	3652		15	7.75	26	937	934	2094	130	2.08	3.14
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	1.08	25.9	34.44	2412	2419	2249	908	2.12	3600	-0.002	15	7.76	25	913	911	2091	132	2.11	3.20
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	3.83	26.0	34.50	2418	2420	2263	967	2.04	3076		15	7.74	27	967	964	2109	128	2.04	3.09
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	4.08	26.0	34.51	2419	2421	2265	969	2.04	3024	0.001	15	7.73	27	973	970	2111	127	2.03	3.08
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	5.33	26.1	34.54	2421	2420	2264	959	2.06	2868		15	7.74	27	962	959	2108	129	2.06	3.12
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	5.58	26.1	34.54	2420	2419	2266	974	2.04	2816	0.000	15	7.73	27	978	975	2112	127	2.03	3.08
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	6.33	26.0	34.56	2423	2421	2265	952	2.07	2659		15	7.74	26	954	951	2109	130	2.07	3.13
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	6.58	26.0	34.56	2424	2422	2266	952	2.07	2607	0.002	15	7.74	26	955	952	2110	130	2.07	3.14
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	7.33	26.0	34.58	2425	2421	2268	961	2.06	2453		15	7.74	27	962	959	2112	129	2.06	3.12
Coral Run#3	1070	12.97	7.58	26.0	34.58	2426	2422	2268	953	2.08	2401	0.000	15	7.74	26	957	954	2112	130	2.07	3.14