Beine, Harry J; Anastasio, Cort; Domine, Florent; Douglas, Thomas A; Barret, Manuel; France, James; King, Martin; Hall, Sam; Ullmann, Kirk (2012): (Table 1) Characteristics of marine snow and ice samples at Barrow, Alaska [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.807375, Supplement to: Beine, HJ et al. (2012): Soluble chromophores in marine snow, seawater, sea ice and frost flowers near Barrow, Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 117, D00R15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016650
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Abstract:
We measured light absorption in 42 marine snow, sea ice, seawater, brine, and frost flower samples collected during the OASIS field campaign between February 27 and April 15, 2009. Samples represented multiple sites between landfast ice and open pack ice in coastal areas approximately 5 km west of Barrow, Alaska. The chromophores that are most commonly measured in snow, H2O2, NO3-, and NO2-, on average account for less than 1% of sunlight absorption in our samples. Instead, light absorption is dominated by unidentified "residual" species, likely organic compounds. Light absorption coefficients for the frost flowers on first-year sea ice are, on average, 40 times larger than values for terrestrial snow samples at Barrow, suggesting very large rates of photochemical reactions in frost flowers. For our marine samples the calculated rates of sunlight absorption and OH production from known chromophores are (0.1-1.4) x 10**14 (photons/cm**3/s) and (5-70) x 10**-12 (mol/L/s), respectively. Our residual spectra are similar to spectra of marine chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), suggesting that CDOM is the dominant chromophore in our samples. Based on our light absorption measurements we estimate dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in Barrow seawater and frost flowers as approximately 130 and 360 µM C, respectively. We expect that CDOM is a major source of OH in our marine samples, and it is likely to have other significant photochemistry as well.
Project(s):
Coverage:
Latitude: 71.323250 * Longitude: -156.661420
Date/Time Start: 2009-02-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2009-05-31T00:00:00
Event(s):
Comment:
Nitrite comments: (d) This value was not measured, but was considered to be equal to the average Barrow terrestrial surface snow value during our campaign (Beine et al., 2011, doi:10.1029/2011JD016181). (e) This value was not measured, but was considered to be 1% of the nitrate value, as was typical for surface seawater in the Beaufort Sea (Simpson et al., 2007, doi:10.5194/acp-7-4375-2007). (f) This value was not measured, but was estimated by applying the average NO2- / NO3- ratio from our other marine samples (0.036; rel. std. deviation 82%, N = 14). Data extracted in the frame of a joint ICSTI/PANGAEA IPY effort, see http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.150150
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sample type | Samp type | Beine, Harry J | |||
| 2 | Sample amount | N | # | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 3 | Hydrogen peroxide, water | H2O2 | µmol/l | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 4 | Hydrogen peroxide, standard deviation | H2O2 std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 5 | Chloride | Cl- | mmol/l | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 6 | Chloride, standard deviation | Cl std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 7 | Bromide | Br- | mmol/l | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 8 | Bromide, standard deviation | Br- std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 9 | Nitrate | [NO3]- | µmol/l | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 10 | Nitrate, standard deviation | NO3 std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 11 | Nitrite | [NO2]- | µmol/l | Beine, Harry J | values are likely lower limits | |
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Beine, Harry J | |||
| 13 | Nitrite, standard deviation | [NO2]- std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 14 | Sulfate | [SO4]2- | mmol/l | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 15 | Sulfate, standard deviation | SO4 std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 16 | Absorption coefficient, 220-600 nm | ac220-600 | 1/m | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 17 | Absorption coefficient, standard deviation | ac std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | 220-600 nm | |
| 18 | Absorption coefficient, 300-450 nm | ac300-450 | 1/m | Beine, Harry J | ||
| 19 | Absorption coefficient, standard deviation | ac std dev | ± | Beine, Harry J | 300-450 nm | |
| 20 | Carbon, organic, dissolved | DOC | µmol/l | Beine, Harry J |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
137 data points