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Schacht, Ulrike; Wallmann, Klaus; Kutterolf, Steffen; Schmidt, Mark (2008): Geochemistry of pore water and sediments offshore Nicaragua and Costa Rica [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782465, Supplement to: Schacht, U et al. (2008): Volcanogenic sediment-seawater interactions and the geochemistry of pore waters. Chemical Geology, 249(3-4), 321-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.01.026

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Abstract:
Four volcanic ash-bearing marine sediment cores and one ash-free reference core were examined during research cruise RV Meteor 54/2 offshore Nicaragua and Costa Rica to investigate the chemical composition of pore waters related to volcanic ash alteration.
Sediments were composed of terrigenous matter derived from the adjacent continent and contained several distinct ash layers. Biogenic opal and carbonate were only minor components. The terrigenous fraction was mainly composed of smectite and other clay minerals while the pore water composition was strongly affected by the anaerobic degradation of particulate organic matter via microbial sulphate reduction. The alteration of volcanic matter showed only a minor effect on major element concentrations in pore waters. This is in contrast to prior studies based on long sediment cores taken during the DSDP, where deep sediments always showed distinct signs of volcanic ash alteration. The missing signal of ash alteration is probably caused by low reaction rates and the high background concentration of major dissolved ions in the seawater-derived pore fluids.
Dissolved silica concentrations were, however, significantly enriched in ash-bearing cores and showed no relation to the low but variable contents of biogenic opal. Hence, the data suggest that silica concentrations were enhanced by ash dissolution. Thus, the dissolved silica profile measured in one of the sediment cores was used to derive the in-situ dissolution rate of volcanic glass particles in marine sediments. A non-steady state model was run over a period of 43 kyr applying a constant pH of 7.30 and a dissolved Al concentration of 0.05 ?M. The kinetic constant (AA) was varied systematically to fit the model to the measured dissolved silica-depth profile. The best fit to the data was obtained applying AA = 1.3 * 10**-U9 mol of Si/cm**2/ s. This in-situ rate of ash dissolution at the seafloor is three orders of magnitude smaller than the rate of ash dissolution determined in previous laboratory experiments. Our results therefore imply that field investigations are necessary to accurately predict natural dissolution rates of volcanic glasses in marine sediments.
Project(s):
Volatiles and Fluids in Subduction Zones (SFB574)
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 5484524: Volatiles and Fluids in Subduction Zones
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 10.430096 * Median Longitude: -86.503503 * South-bound Latitude: 8.828333 * West-bound Longitude: -87.830330 * North-bound Latitude: 11.335330 * East-bound Longitude: -84.699500
Date/Time Start: 2002-08-14T15:24:00 * Date/Time End: 2002-08-31T20:30:00
Event(s):
M54/2_2 * Latitude: 11.335167 * Longitude: -87.305833 * Date/Time: 2002-08-14T15:24:00 * Elevation: -1205.0 m * Campaign: M54/2 * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: Gravity Corer/temperature probe (GC_T)
M54/2_11-2 * Latitude: 11.100500 * Longitude: -87.830330 * Date/Time: 2002-08-17T19:42:00 * Elevation: -3334.0 m * Campaign: M54/2 * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: Gravity Corer/temperature probe (GC_T)
M54/2_13 * Latitude: 11.335330 * Longitude: -87.305000 * Date/Time: 2002-08-18T20:00:00 * Elevation: -1200.0 m * Campaign: M54/2 * Basis: Meteor (1986) * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
11 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix B1) Chemical composition of pore waters of sediment core M54/2_2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782451
  2. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix B2) Chemical composition of sediment core M54/2_2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782456
  3. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix A1) Chemical composition of pore waters of sediment core M54/2_11-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782449
  4. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix A2) Chemical composition of sediment core M54/2_11-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782454
  5. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix F) Petrology and ages of ash layers. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782464
  6. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix C1) Chemical composition of pore waters of sediment core M54/2_13. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782450
  7. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix C2) Chemical composition of sediment core M54/2_13. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782455
  8. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix E1) Chemical composition of pore waters of sediment core M54/2_57. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782452
  9. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix E2) Chemical composition of sediment core M54/2_57. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782457
  10. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix D1) Chemical composition of pore waters of sediment core M54/2_81-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782453
  11. Schacht, U; Wallmann, K; Kutterolf, S et al. (2008): (Appendix D2) Chemical composition of sediment core M54/2_81-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.782458