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Arnosti, Carol; Grossart, Hans-Peter; Mühling, M; Joint, Ian; Passow, Uta (2011): PEECE II mesocosm experiment: Dynamics of extracellular enzyme activities in seawater under changed atmospheric pCO2, 2011. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778190, Supplement to: Arnosti, C et al. (2011): Dynamics of extracellular enzyme activities in seawater under changed atmospheric pCO2: a mesocosm investigation. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 64(3), 285-298, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01522

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Abstract:
As part of the PeECE II mesocosm project, we investigated the effects of pCO2 levels on the initial step of heterotrophic carbon cycling in the surface ocean. The activities of microbial extracellular enzymes hydrolyzing 4 polysaccharides were measured during the development of a natural phytoplankton bloom under pCO2 conditions representing glacial (190 µatm) and future (750 µatm) atmospheric pCO2. We observed that (1) chondroitin hydrolysis was variable throughout the pre-, early- and late-bloom phases, (2) fucoidanase activity was measurable only in the glacial mesocosm as the bloom developed, (3) laminarinase activity was low and constant, and (4) xylanase activity declined as the bloom progressed. Concurrent measurements of microbial community composition, using denaturing-gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), showed that the 2 mesocosms diverged temporally, and from one another, especially in the late-bloom phase. Enzyme activities correlated with bloom phase and pCO2, suggesting functional as well as compositional changes in microbial communities in the different pCO2 environments. These changes, however, may be a response to temporal changes in the development of phytoplankton communities that differed with the pCO2 environment. We hypothesize that the phytoplankton communities produced dissolved organic carbon (DOC) differing in composition, a hypothesis supported by changing amino acid composition of the DOC, and that enzyme activities responded to changes in substrates. Enzyme activities observed under different pCO2 conditions likely reflect both genetic and population-level responses to changes occurring among multiple components of the microbial loop.
Keyword(s):
Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Coast and continental shelf; Field experiment; Mesocosm or benthocosm; North Atlantic; Other metabolic rates; Pelagos; Temperate
Funding:
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384: European Project on Ocean Acidification
Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106: European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
IdentificationIDArnosti, Carol
Experimental treatmentExp treatArnosti, Carol
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmArnosti, Carol
Experiment dayExp daydayArnosti, Carol
Time, incubationT incubationdayArnosti, Carol
Cell densityCells#/mlArnosti, Carol
Cell density, standard deviationCells std dev±Arnosti, Carol
Proportion of total bacteria attached to particlesBact prop particles%Arnosti, Carol
Bacteria, production as carbonBCPng/l/hArnosti, Carol14C-leucine incorporation
10 Bacterial cell multiplicationBCM#/ml/hArnosti, CarolThymidine incorporation
11 Sample IDSample IDArnosti, Carol
12 Chondroitin sulfate hydrolysisCSHnmol monomer/l/ hArnosti, Carolsee reference(s)
13 Laminarin hydrolysisLHnmol monomer/l/ hArnosti, Carolsee reference(s)
14 Xylan hydrolysisXHnmol monomer/l/ hArnosti, Carolsee reference(s)
15 Fucoidan hydrolysisFHnmol monomer/l/ hArnosti, Carolsee reference(s)
16 SalinitySalArnosti, Carol
17 Temperature, waterTemp°CArnosti, Carol
18 Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgArnosti, CarolMeasured
19 Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgArnosti, CarolMeasured
20 Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
21 pHpHNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Total scale
22 Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24 Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25 Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26 Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27 Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28 Calcite saturation stateOmega CalNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
664 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


ID

Exp treat

pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]

Exp day [day]

T incubation [day]

Cells [#/ml]

Cells std dev [±]

Bact prop particles [%]

BCP [ng/l/h]
(14C-leucine incorporation)
10 
BCM [#/ml/h]
(Thymidine incorporation)
11 
Sample ID
12 
CSH [nmol monomer/l/ h]
(see reference(s))
13 
LH [nmol monomer/l/ h]
(see reference(s))
14 
XH [nmol monomer/l/ h]
(see reference(s))
15 
FH [nmol monomer/l/ h]
(see reference(s))
16 
Sal
17 
Temp [°C]
18 
DIC [µmol/kg]
(Measured)
19 
AT [µmol/kg]
(Measured)
20 
CSC flag
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
21 
pH
(Total scale, Calculated using...)
22 
CO2 [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
23 
pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
24 
fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
25 
[HCO3]- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
26 
[CO3]2- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
27 
Omega Arg
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
28 
Omega Cal
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
GlacialMesocosm 1190001490000210000894005000029.937.97
GlacialMesocosm 119002166000019000089800129000029.937.97
GlacialMesocosm 11900418100002100001511600119000029.937.97
GlacialMesocosm 11900616600009000024400043000029.937.97
GlacialMesocosm 11906Replicate 13.202.261.190.0029.848.172027.62106.6157.8728.25589.91587.611927.7471.611.101.75
GlacialMesocosm 11906Replicate 213.002.460.950.0029.848.172027.62106.6157.8728.25589.91587.611927.7471.611.101.75
GlacialMesocosm 119070165000011000013300040000030.058.282022.02108.6157.8926.67559.69557.521919.7675.571.161.85
GlacialMesocosm 119072189000021000013200013000030.058.282022.02108.6157.8926.67559.69557.521919.7675.571.161.85
GlacialMesocosm 119074229000017000012600023000030.058.282022.02108.6157.8926.67559.69557.521919.7675.571.161.85
GlacialMesocosm 11907615100001100001819003000030.058.282022.02108.6157.8926.67559.69557.521919.7675.571.161.85
GlacialMesocosm 119013Replicate 15.850.651.530.2030.038.261989.02116.9158.0219.42407.15405.571871.0498.551.512.41
GlacialMesocosm 119013Replicate 24.740.372.550.2030.038.261989.02116.9158.0219.42407.15405.571871.0498.551.512.41
GlacialMesocosm 11901509800001100004840030000030.178.661977.02102.9158.0019.62417.42415.811860.2797.111.492.38
GlacialMesocosm 11901521160000150000713900112000030.178.661977.02102.9158.0019.62417.42415.811860.2797.111.492.38
GlacialMesocosm 119015413900001300009830097000030.178.661977.02102.9158.0019.62417.42415.811860.2797.111.492.38
GlacialMesocosm 119015614000001000009480030000030.178.661977.02102.9158.0019.62417.42415.811860.2797.111.492.38
GlacialMesocosm 119021Replicate 15.850.600.0017.00
GlacialMesocosm 119021Replicate 24.740.660.119.53
FutureMesocosm 7750001440000270000817002000029.807.91158.2011.62246.63245.681740.78143.602.203.51
FutureMesocosm 77500216500002500009990050000029.807.91158.2011.62246.63245.681740.78143.602.203.51
FutureMesocosm 775004187000020000013630033000029.807.91158.2011.62246.63245.681740.78143.602.203.51
FutureMesocosm 775006166000010000023290011000029.807.91158.2011.62246.63245.681740.78143.602.203.51
FutureMesocosm 77506Replicate 138.400.602.380.0030.028.141871.0
FutureMesocosm 77506Replicate 236.600.571.720.0030.028.141871.0
FutureMesocosm 775070158000012000021320017000030.128.281874.02134.9
FutureMesocosm 775072194000018000020910054000030.128.281874.02134.9
FutureMesocosm 77507424100002100001924009000030.128.281874.02134.9
FutureMesocosm 775076154000013000031400023000030.128.281874.02134.9
FutureMesocosm 775013Replicate 13.651.710.150.0030.648.271865.02157.6
FutureMesocosm 775013Replicate 22.801.670.410.0030.648.271865.02157.6
FutureMesocosm 77501508700001100007400011000030.648.661851.02152.2158.358.10169.76169.101672.44188.872.904.62
FutureMesocosm 7750152107000010000012900069000030.648.661851.02152.2158.358.10169.76169.101672.44188.872.904.62
FutureMesocosm 775015410000009000015200028000030.648.661851.02152.2158.358.10169.76169.101672.44188.872.904.62
FutureMesocosm 775015694000010000021180030000030.648.661851.02152.2158.358.10169.76169.101672.44188.872.904.62
FutureMesocosm 775021Replicate 142.100.901.520.0030.648.661851.02152.2158.358.10169.76169.101672.44188.872.904.62
FutureMesocosm 775021Replicate 217.900.840.090.0030.648.661851.02152.2158.358.10169.76169.101672.44188.872.904.62