/* DATA DESCRIPTION:
Citation:	Arnosti, Carol; Grossart, Hans-Peter; Mühling, M; Joint, Ian; Passow, Uta (2011): PEECE II mesocosm experiment: Dynamics of extracellular enzyme activities in seawater under changed atmospheric pCO2, 2011. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778190, 
	Supplement to: Arnosti, C et al. (2011): Dynamics of extracellular enzyme activities in seawater under changed atmospheric pCO2: a mesocosm investigation. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 64(3), 285-298, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01522
Abstract:	As part of the PeECE II mesocosm project, we investigated the effects of pCO2 levels on the initial step of heterotrophic carbon cycling in the surface ocean. The activities of microbial extracellular enzymes hydrolyzing 4 polysaccharides were measured during the development of a natural phytoplankton bloom under pCO2 conditions representing glacial (190 µatm) and future (750 µatm) atmospheric pCO2. We observed that (1) chondroitin hydrolysis was variable throughout the pre-, early- and late-bloom phases, (2) fucoidanase activity was measurable only in the glacial mesocosm as the bloom developed, (3) laminarinase activity was low and constant, and (4) xylanase activity declined as the bloom progressed. Concurrent measurements of microbial community composition, using denaturing-gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), showed that the 2 mesocosms diverged temporally, and from one another, especially in the late-bloom phase. Enzyme activities correlated with bloom phase and pCO2, suggesting functional as well as compositional changes in microbial communities in the different pCO2 environments. These changes, however, may be a response to temporal changes in the development of phytoplankton communities that differed with the pCO2 environment. We hypothesize that the phytoplankton communities produced dissolved organic carbon (DOC) differing in composition, a hypothesis supported by changing amino acid composition of the DOC, and that enzyme activities responded to changes in substrates. Enzyme activities observed under different pCO2 conditions likely reflect both genetic and population-level responses to changes occurring among multiple components of the microbial loop.
Keyword(s):	Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Coast and continental shelf; Field experiment; Mesocosm or benthocosm; North Atlantic; Other metabolic rates; Pelagos; Temperate
Project(s):	Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification (BIOACID) (URI: http://www.bioacid.de/)
	European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA) (URI: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Project_on_Ocean_Acidification)
	European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS) (URI: http://www.eur-oceans.eu/)
	Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC) (URI: http://www.iaea.org/ocean-acidification/page.php?page=2181)
Comment:	In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).
Parameter(s):	Identification (ID) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Experimental treatment (Exp treat) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) [µatm] (pCO2water_SST_wet) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Experiment day [day] (Exp day) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Time, incubation [day] (T incubation) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Cell density [#/ml] (Cells) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Cell density, standard deviation [±] (Cells std dev) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Proportion of total bacteria attached to particles [%] (Bact prop particles) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Bacteria, production as carbon [ng/l/h] (BCP) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: 14C-leucine incorporation
	Bacterial cell multiplication [#/ml/h] (BCM) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: Thymidine incorporation (URI: hdl:10013/epic.27912.d001)
	Sample ID (Sample ID) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Chondroitin sulfate hydrolysis [nmol monomer/l/ h] (CSH) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: see reference(s)
	Laminarin hydrolysis [nmol monomer/l/ h] (LH) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: see reference(s)
	Xylan hydrolysis [nmol monomer/l/ h] (XH) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: see reference(s)
	Fucoidan hydrolysis [nmol monomer/l/ h] (FH) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: see reference(s)
	Salinity (Sal) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Temperature, water [°C] (Temp) * PI: Arnosti, Carol
	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved [µmol/kg] (DIC) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: Measured
	Alkalinity, total [µmol/kg] (AT) * PI: Arnosti, Carol * METHOD/DEVICE: Measured
	Carbonate system computation flag (CSC flag) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
	pH (pH) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010) * COMMENT: Total scale
	Carbon dioxide [µmol/kg] (CO2) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) [µatm] (pCO2water_SST_wet) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) [µatm] (fCO2water_SST_wet) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
	Bicarbonate ion [µmol/kg] ([HCO3]-) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
	Carbonate ion [µmol/kg] ([CO3]2-) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
	Aragonite saturation state (Omega Arg) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
	Calcite saturation state (Omega Cal) * PI: Nisumaa, Anne-Marin (annemarin@gmail.com) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010) (URI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2-167-2010)
License:	Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:	664 data points
*/
ID	Exp treat	pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	Exp day [day]	T incubation [day]	Cells [#/ml]	Cells std dev [±]	Bact prop particles [%]	BCP [ng/l/h] (14C-leucine incorporation)	BCM [#/ml/h] (Thymidine incorporation)	Sample ID	CSH [nmol monomer/l/ h] (see reference(s))	LH [nmol monomer/l/ h] (see reference(s))	XH [nmol monomer/l/ h] (see reference(s))	FH [nmol monomer/l/ h] (see reference(s))	Sal	Temp [°C]	DIC [µmol/kg] (Measured)	AT [µmol/kg] (Measured)	CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	[HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	[CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	0	0	1490000	210000	8	9400	50000						29.93	7.97											
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	0	2	1660000	190000	8	9800	1290000						29.93	7.97											
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	0	4	1810000	210000	15	11600	1190000						29.93	7.97											
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	0	6	1660000	90000	24	4000	430000						29.93	7.97											
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	6							Replicate 1	3.20	2.26	1.19	0.00	29.84	8.17	2027.6	2106.6	15	7.87	28.25	589.91	587.61	1927.74	71.61	1.10	1.75
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	6							Replicate 2	13.00	2.46	0.95	0.00	29.84	8.17	2027.6	2106.6	15	7.87	28.25	589.91	587.61	1927.74	71.61	1.10	1.75
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	7	0	1650000	110000	13	3000	400000						30.05	8.28	2022.0	2108.6	15	7.89	26.67	559.69	557.52	1919.76	75.57	1.16	1.85
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	7	2	1890000	210000	13	2000	130000						30.05	8.28	2022.0	2108.6	15	7.89	26.67	559.69	557.52	1919.76	75.57	1.16	1.85
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	7	4	2290000	170000	12	6000	230000						30.05	8.28	2022.0	2108.6	15	7.89	26.67	559.69	557.52	1919.76	75.57	1.16	1.85
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	7	6	1510000	110000	18	1900	30000						30.05	8.28	2022.0	2108.6	15	7.89	26.67	559.69	557.52	1919.76	75.57	1.16	1.85
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	13							Replicate 1	5.85	0.65	1.53	0.20	30.03	8.26	1989.0	2116.9	15	8.02	19.42	407.15	405.57	1871.04	98.55	1.51	2.41
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	13							Replicate 2	4.74	0.37	2.55	0.20	30.03	8.26	1989.0	2116.9	15	8.02	19.42	407.15	405.57	1871.04	98.55	1.51	2.41
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	15	0	980000	110000	4	8400	300000						30.17	8.66	1977.0	2102.9	15	8.00	19.62	417.42	415.81	1860.27	97.11	1.49	2.38
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	15	2	1160000	150000	7	13900	1120000						30.17	8.66	1977.0	2102.9	15	8.00	19.62	417.42	415.81	1860.27	97.11	1.49	2.38
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	15	4	1390000	130000	9	8300	970000						30.17	8.66	1977.0	2102.9	15	8.00	19.62	417.42	415.81	1860.27	97.11	1.49	2.38
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	15	6	1400000	100000	9	4800	300000						30.17	8.66	1977.0	2102.9	15	8.00	19.62	417.42	415.81	1860.27	97.11	1.49	2.38
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	21							Replicate 1	5.85	0.60	0.00	17.00													
Glacial	Mesocosm 1	190	21							Replicate 2	4.74	0.66	0.11	9.53													
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	0	0	1440000	270000	8	1700	20000						29.80	7.91			15	8.20	11.62	246.63	245.68	1740.78	143.60	2.20	3.51
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	0	2	1650000	250000	9	9900	500000						29.80	7.91			15	8.20	11.62	246.63	245.68	1740.78	143.60	2.20	3.51
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	0	4	1870000	200000	13	6300	330000						29.80	7.91			15	8.20	11.62	246.63	245.68	1740.78	143.60	2.20	3.51
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	0	6	1660000	100000	23	2900	110000						29.80	7.91			15	8.20	11.62	246.63	245.68	1740.78	143.60	2.20	3.51
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	6							Replicate 1	38.40	0.60	2.38	0.00	30.02	8.14	1871.0										
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	6							Replicate 2	36.60	0.57	1.72	0.00	30.02	8.14	1871.0										
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	7	0	1580000	120000	21	3200	170000						30.12	8.28	1874.0	2134.9									
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	7	2	1940000	180000	20	9100	540000						30.12	8.28	1874.0	2134.9									
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	7	4	2410000	210000	19	2400	90000						30.12	8.28	1874.0	2134.9									
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	7	6	1540000	130000	31	4000	230000						30.12	8.28	1874.0	2134.9									
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	13							Replicate 1	3.65	1.71	0.15	0.00	30.64	8.27	1865.0	2157.6									
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	13							Replicate 2	2.80	1.67	0.41	0.00	30.64	8.27	1865.0	2157.6									
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	15	0	870000	110000	7	4000	110000						30.64	8.66	1851.0	2152.2	15	8.35	8.10	169.76	169.10	1672.44	188.87	2.90	4.62
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	15	2	1070000	100000	12	9000	690000						30.64	8.66	1851.0	2152.2	15	8.35	8.10	169.76	169.10	1672.44	188.87	2.90	4.62
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	15	4	1000000	90000	15	2000	280000						30.64	8.66	1851.0	2152.2	15	8.35	8.10	169.76	169.10	1672.44	188.87	2.90	4.62
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	15	6	940000	100000	21	1800	300000						30.64	8.66	1851.0	2152.2	15	8.35	8.10	169.76	169.10	1672.44	188.87	2.90	4.62
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	21							Replicate 1	42.10	0.90	1.52	0.00	30.64	8.66	1851.0	2152.2	15	8.35	8.10	169.76	169.10	1672.44	188.87	2.90	4.62
Future	Mesocosm 7	750	21							Replicate 2	17.90	0.84	0.09	0.00	30.64	8.66	1851.0	2152.2	15	8.35	8.10	169.76	169.10	1672.44	188.87	2.90	4.62