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Vogt, Christoph (2012): Analysis of minerals from Arctic Ocean sediments [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778039, Supplement to: Vogt, C (1997): Zeitliche und räumliche Verteilung von Mineralvergesellschaftungen in spätquartären Sedimenten des Arktische Ozeans und ihre Nützlichkeit als Klimaindikatoren während der Glazial/Interglazial-Wechsel (Regional and temporal variations of mineral assemblages in Arctic Ocean sediments as climate indicator during glacial/interglacial changes). Berichte zur Polarforschung = Reports on Polar Research, 251, 309 pp, https://doi.org/10.2312/BzP_0251_1997

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Abstract:
The Arctic Ocean System is a key player regarding the climatic changes of Earth. Its highly sensitive ice Cover, the exchange of surface and deep water masses with the global ocean and the coupling with the atmosphere interact directly with global climatic changes. The output of cold, polar water and sea ice influences the production of deep water in the North Atlantic and controls the global ocean circulation ("the conveyor belt"). The Arctic Ocean is surrounded by the large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets which not only affect the sedimentation in the Arctic Ocean but also are supposed to induce the Course of glacials and interglacials. Terrigenous sediment delivered from the ice sheets by icebergs and meltwater as well as through sea ice are major components of Arctic Ocean sediments. Hence, the terrigenous content of Arctic Ocean sediments is an outstanding archive to investigate changes in the paleoenvironment.
Glazigenic sediments of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and surface samples of the Arctic Ocean and the Siberian shelf regions were investigated by means of x-ray diffraction of the bulk fraction. The source regions of distinct mineral compositions were to be deciphered. Regarding the complex circumpolar geology stable christalline shield rocks, active and ancient fold belts including magmatic and metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks and wide periglacial lowlands with permafrost provide a complete range of possible mineral combinations. Non- glaciated shelf regions mix the local input from a possible point source of a particular mineral combination with the whole shelf material and function as a sampler of the entire region draining to the shelf.
To take this into account, a literature research was performed. Descriptions of outcropping lithologies and Arctic Ocean sediments were scanned for their mineral association. The analyses of glazigenic and shelf sediments yielded a close relationship between their mineral composition and the adjacent source region. The most striking difference between the circumpolar source regions is the extensive outcrop of carbonate rocks in the vicinity of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and in N Greenland while siliciclastic sediments dominate the Siberian shelves.
In the Siberian shelf region the eastern Kara Sea and the western Laptev Sea form a destinct region defined by high smectite, (clino-) pyroxene and plagioclase input. The source of this signal are the extensive outcrops of the Siberian trap basalt in the Putorana Plateau which is drained by the tributaries of the Yenissei and Khatanga. The eastern Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea can also be treated as one source region containing a feldspar, quartz, illite, mica, and chlorite asscciation combined with the trace minerals hornblende and epidote. Franz Josef Land provides a mineral composition rich in quartz and kaolinite. The diverse rock suite of the Svalbard archipelago distributes specific mineral compositions of highly metamorphic christalline rocks, dolomite-rich carbonate rocks and sedimentary rocks with a higher diagenetic potential manifested in stable newly built diagenetic minerals and high organic maturity.
To reconstruct the last 30,000 years as an example of the transition between glacial and interglacial conditions a profile of sediment cores, recovered during the RV Polarstern" expedition ARK-VIIIl3 (ARCTIC '91), and additional sediment cores around Svalbard were investigated. Besides the mineralogy of different grain size fractions several additional sedimentological and organo-geochemical Parameterswere used. A detailed stratigraphic framework was achieved. By exploiting this data set changes in the mineral composition of the Eurasian Basin sediments can be related to climatic changes. Certain mineral compositions can even be associated with particular transport processes, e.g. the smectitel pyroxene association with sea ice transport from the eastern Kara Sea and the western Laptev Sea. Hence, it is possible to decipher the complex interplay between the influx of warm Atlantic waters into the Southwest of the Eurasian Basin, the waxing and waning of the Svalbard1Barents- Sea- and Kara-Sea-Ice-Sheets, the flooding of the Siberian shelf regions and the surface and deep water circulation.
Until now the Arctic Ocean was assumed to be a rather stable System during the last 30,000 years which only switched from a completely ice covered situation during the glacial to seasonally Open waters during the interglacial. But this work using mineral assemblages of sediment cores in the vicinity of Svalbard revealed fast changes in the inflow of warm Atlantic water with the Westspitsbergen Current (< 1000 years), short periods of advances and retreats of the marine based Eurasian ice sheets (1000-3000 years), and short melting phases (400 years?). Deglaciation of the marine-based Eurasian and the land-based north American and Greenland ice sheets are not simultaneous. This thesis postulates that the Kara Sea Ice Sheet released an early meltwater signal prior to 15,000 14C years leading the Barents Sea Ice Sheet while the western land-based ice sheets are following later than 13,500 14C years.
The northern Eurasian Basin records the shift between iceberg and sea-ice material derived from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and N-Greenland and material transported by sea-ice and surface currents from the Siberian shelf region. The phasing of the deglaciation becomes very obvious using the dolomite and quartd phyllosilicate record. It is also supposed that the flooding of the Laptev Sea during the Holocene is manifested in a stepwise increase of sediment input at the Lomonosov Ridge between the Eurasian and Amerasian Basin. Depending on the strength of meltwater pulses from the adjacent ice sheets the Transpolar Drift can probably be relocated. These movements are traceable by the distribution of indicator minerals.
Based on the outcome of this work the feasibility of bulk mineral determination can be qualified as excellent tool for paleoenvironmental reconstructions in the Arctic Ocean. The easy preparation and objective determination of bulk mineralogy provided by the QUAX software bears the potential to use this analyses as basic measuring method preceding more time consuming and highly specialised mineralogical investigations (e.g. clay mineralogy, heavy mineral determination).
Related to:
Vogt, Christoph (1996): Bulk mineralogy in surface sediments from the eastern central Arctic Ocean. In: Stein, R; Ivanov, G I; Levitan, M A & Fahl, K (eds.), Surface-sediment composition and sedimentary processes in the central Arctic Ocean and along the Eurasian Continental Margin, Reports on Polar Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 212, 159-171, hdl:10013/epic.10213.d001
Project(s):
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP)
Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI (AWI_Paleo)
Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North (QUEEN)
Funding:
Fourth Framework Programme (FP4), grant/award no. MAS3980185: Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 83.825150 * Median Longitude: 24.485254 * South-bound Latitude: 68.499500 * West-bound Longitude: -157.361833 * North-bound Latitude: 90.000000 * East-bound Longitude: 174.963667
Date/Time Start: 1991-07-06T15:15:00 * Date/Time End: 1994-08-31T00:00:00
Event(s):
302-M0002A (ACEX-M2A) * Latitude: 87.921180 * Longitude: 139.365010 * Date/Time: 2004-08-19T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1209.0 m * IGSN: IBCR0302RHTS001 * Penetration: 270.1 m * Recovery: 214.68 m * Location: Arctic Ocean * Campaign: Exp302 (Arctic Coring Expedition, ACEX) * Basis: CCGS Captain Molly Kool (Vidar Viking)
KS113T * Latitude: 74.110000 * Longitude: 85.476667 * Elevation: -29.0 m * Location: Pyasina * Campaign: RUS_unspec * Method/Device: Gravity corer (GC)
KS117T * Latitude: 73.881667 * Longitude: 85.366667 * Elevation: -29.0 m * Location: Pyasina * Campaign: RUS_unspec * Method/Device: Gravity corer (GC)
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
87 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2122-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137759
  2. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2123-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137765
  3. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2123-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138283
  4. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2123-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133405
  5. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2123-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138258
  6. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2123-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138284
  7. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2123-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133408
  8. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2123-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138259
  9. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2165-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133409
  10. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2165-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138265
  11. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2165-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138285
  12. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2165-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133410
  13. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2165-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138266
  14. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2174-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138286
  15. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2174-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133411
  16. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2174-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138267
  17. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2174-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133412
  18. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2174-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138268
  19. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2185-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138287
  20. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2185-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133413
  21. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2185-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138269
  22. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2185-6. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133414
  23. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2185-6. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138270
  24. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2192-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133415
  25. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2192-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138271
  26. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2192-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139571
  27. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2198-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137767
  28. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2198-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133416
  29. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2198-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138260
  30. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2198-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139572
  31. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2200-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133417
  32. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2200-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138261
  33. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2200-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137769
  34. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2200-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138288
  35. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2200-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133418
  36. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2200-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138262
  37. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2200-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139573
  38. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2200-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137771
  39. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2200-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138289
  40. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2200-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133419
  41. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2200-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138272
  42. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2200-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139574
  43. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2202-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137772
  44. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2202-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138290
  45. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2202-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133420
  46. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2202-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138273
  47. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2202-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139575
  48. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2204-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137774
  49. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2204-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139576
  50. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2205-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137776
  51. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2205-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139577
  52. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2206-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137778
  53. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2206-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138291
  54. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2206-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133421
  55. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2206-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138263
  56. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2206-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139578
  57. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2208-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137779
  58. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2208-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138292
  59. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2208-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133422
  60. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2208-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138257
  61. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2208-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139579
  62. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2210-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137781
  63. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2210-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139580
  64. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2212-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137782
  65. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2212-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138293
  66. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2212-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133423
  67. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2212-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138274
  68. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2212-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139581
  69. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2212-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138294
  70. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2212-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133424
  71. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2212-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138275
  72. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2212-5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139582
  73. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2212-6. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137784
  74. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2212-6. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138295
  75. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2212-6. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139583
  76. Vogt, C (2004): Clay mineralogy of sediment core PS2213-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.137786
  77. Vogt, C (2004): Age determination and flux data of sediment core PS2213-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138296
  78. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2213-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133425
  79. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2213-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138276
  80. Vogt, C (2004): Sedimentology of core PS2213-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.139584
  81. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2445-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133426
  82. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2445-4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138277
  83. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2474-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133427
  84. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2474-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138278
  85. Vogt, C (2003): Content of kalifeldspar in sediment core PS2474-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.133428
  86. Vogt, C (2004): Mineralogy of sediment core PS2474-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.138279
  87. Vogt, C (1997): Mineralogy of surface sediment samples from the Arctic Ocean. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.52472