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Wang, Luejiang; Sarnthein, Michael; Erlenkeuser, Helmut; Grimalt, Joan O; Grootes, Pieter Meiert; Heilig, S; Ivanova, Elena V; Kienast, Markus; Pelejero, Carles; Pflaumann, Uwe (1999): Sedimentology on 19 cores from the South China Sea. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770646, Supplement to: Wang, L et al. (1999): East-Asian monsoon climate during the Late Pleistocene: high-resolution sediment records from the South China Sea. Marine Geology, 156(1-4), 245-284, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00182-0

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Abstract:
Based on the study of 10 sediment cores and 40 core-top samples from the South China Sea (SCS) we obtained proxy records of past changes in East Asian monsoon climate on millennial to bidecadal time scales over the last 220,000 years. Climate proxies such as global sea level, estimates of paleotemperature, salinity, and nutrients in surface water, ventilation of deep water, paleowind strength, freshwater lids, fluvial and/or eolian sediment supply, and sediment winnowing on the sea floor were derived from planktonic and benthic stable-isotope records, the distribution of siliciclastic grain sizes, planktonic foraminifera species, and the UK37 biomarker index. Four cores were AMS-14C-dated. Two different regimes of monsoon circulation dominated the SCS over the last two glacial cycles, being linked to the minima and maxima of Northern Hemisphere solar insolation. (1) Glacial stages led to a stable estuarine circulation and a strong O2-minimum layer via a closure of the Borneo sea strait. Strong northeast monsoon and cool surface water occurred during winter, in part fed by an inflow from the north tip of Luzon. In contrast, summer temperatures were as high as during interglacials, hence the seasonality was strong. Low wetness in subtropical South China was opposed to large river input from the emerged Sunda shelf, serving as glacial refuge for tropical forest. (2) Interglacials were marked by a strong inflow of warm water via the Borneo sea strait, intense upwelling southeast of Vietnam and continental wetness in China during summer, weaker northeast monsoon and high sea-surface temperatures during winter, i.e. low seasonality. On top of the long-term variations we found millennial- to centennial-scale cold and dry, warm and humid spells during the Holocene, glacial Terminations I and II, and Stage 3. The spells were coeval with published variations in the Indian monsoon and probably, with the cold Heinrich and warm Dansgaard-Oeschger events recorded in Greenland ice cores, thus suggesting global climatic teleconnections. Holocene oscillations in the runoff from South China centered around periodicities of 775 years, ascribed to subharmonics of the 1500-year cycle in oceanic thermohaline circulation. 102/84-year cycles are tentatively assigned to the Gleissberg period of solar activity. Phase relationships among various monsoon proxies near the onset of Termination IA suggest that summer-monsoon rains and fluvial runoff from South China had already intensified right after the last glacial maximum (LGM) insolation minimum, coeval with the start of Antarctic ice melt, prior to the d18O signals of global sea-level rise. Vice versa, the strength of winter-monsoon winds decreased in short centennial steps only 3000-4000 years later, along with the melt of glacial ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere.
Related to:
Pelejero, Carles; Grimalt, Joan O; Heilig, S; Kienast, Markus; Wang, Liping (1999): High-resolution UK37 temperature reconstructions in the South China Sea over the past 220 kyr. Paleoceanography, 14(2), 224-231, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998PA900015
Pelejero, Carles; Kienast, Markus; Wang, Luejiang; Grimalt, Joan O (1999): The flooding of Sundaland during the last deglaciation: imprints in hemipelagic sediments from the southern South China Sea. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 171, 661-671, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00178-8
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 15.291382 * Median Longitude: 114.963415 * South-bound Latitude: 6.158333 * West-bound Longitude: 111.525000 * North-bound Latitude: 20.116667 * East-bound Longitude: 119.745000
Date/Time Start: 1994-04-20T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1994-06-01T00:00:00
Event(s):
GIK17925-3 * Latitude: 19.853333 * Longitude: 119.046667 * Date/Time: 1994-04-20T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2980.0 m * Penetration: 17 m * Location: South China Sea * Campaign: SO95 (MONITOR MONSUN) * Basis: Sonne * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL)
GIK17928-3 * Latitude: 18.271667 * Longitude: 119.745000 * Date/Time: 1994-04-21T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2484.0 m * Penetration: 6 m * Location: South China Sea * Campaign: SO95 (MONITOR MONSUN) * Basis: Sonne * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL)
GIK17931-2 * Latitude: 20.100000 * Longitude: 115.963333 * Date/Time: 1994-04-30T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1003.0 m * Penetration: 3 m * Location: South China Sea * Campaign: SO95 (MONITOR MONSUN) * Basis: Sonne * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL)
Size:
41 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17925-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55573
  2. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17928-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712506
  3. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17931-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712507
  4. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17932-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712508
  5. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17933-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712509
  6. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17937-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.54712
  7. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17938-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712486
  8. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17939-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712510
  9. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Age determination of sediments core GIK17939-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55578
  10. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17939-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712487
  11. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Density and water content of sediment core GIK17939-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.261517
  12. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Sedimentology of core GIK17939-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55581
  13. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Paleosalinity of box sediment core GIK17940-1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55615
  14. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Age determination of sediments core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726160
  15. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Age and alkenone-derived Holocene sea-surface temperature records of sediment core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.438395
  16. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Globigerinoides ruber (white) isotopes of sediment core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55901
  17. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Mud <63 µm of sediment core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55604
  18. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Physical properties of sediment core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55605
  19. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Planktic foraminifera distribution of sediment core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55576
  20. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Sea surface temperature of sediment core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55606
  21. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Isotope data of sediment core GIK17940-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55575
  22. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Globigerinoides ruber (white) isotopes of sediment core GIK17950-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55607
  23. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Physical properties and sedimentology of core GIK17950-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55608
  24. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17954-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712488
  25. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Density and water content of sediment core GIK17954-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.261516
  26. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Sea surface temperatures of sediment core GIK17954-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.54713
  27. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17955-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712489
  28. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Density and water content of sediment core GIK17955-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.261518
  29. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17956-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712490
  30. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17957-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712511
  31. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Age determination of sediments core GIK17961-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726161
  32. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Isotope data of sediment core GIK17961-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.54714
  33. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of Globigerinoides ruber white in sediment core GIK17961-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.712491
  34. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Grain size distribution of sediment core GIK17961-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55609
  35. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Sea surface temperature of sediment core GIK17961-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55610
  36. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Age determination of sediments core GIK17964-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726162
  37. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Cibicidoides cf. wuellerstorfi isotopes of sediment core GIK17964-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55611
  38. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Globigerinoides ruber (white) isotopes of sediment core GIK17964-2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55612
  39. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Age and alkenone-derived Holocene sea-surface temperature records of sediment core GIK17964-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.438396
  40. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Cibicidoides cf. wuellerstorfi isotopes of sediment core GIK17964-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55613
  41. Wang, L; Sarnthein, M; Erlenkeuser, H et al. (1999): Globigerinoides ruber (white) isotopes of sediment core GIK17964-3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.55614