Passier, Hilde F; Bosch, Hendrik-Jan; Nijenhuis, Ivar A; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Böttcher, Michael Ernst; Leenders, Anke; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; de Lange, Gert J; de Leeuw, Jan W (1997): (Table 1) Geochemistry of Sapropels of the Mediterranean Sea [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.769873, Supplement to: Passier, HF et al. (1999): Sulphidic Mediterranean surface waters during Pliocene sapropel formation. Nature, 397(6715), 146-149, https://doi.org/10.1038/16441
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Abstract:
Sapropels -organic-matter rich layers- are common in Neogene sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The formation of these layers has been attributed to climate-related increases in organic-matter production (Calvert et al., 1992, doi:10.1038/359223a0; Rossignol-Strick et al., 1982, doi:10.1038/295105a0; Rohling, 1994, doi:10.1016/0025-3227(94)90202-X) and increased organic-matter preservation due to oxygen depletion in more stagnant bottom waters (Rossignol-Strick et al., 1982, doi:10.1038/295105a0; Rohling, 1994, doi:10.1016/0025-3227(94)90202-X). Here we report that eastern Mediterranean Pliocene sapropels (Emeis et al., 1996, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.160.102.1996) contain molecular fossils of a compound (isorenieratene) known to be synthesized by photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria, suggesting that sulphidic (euxinic) -and therefore anoxic- conditions prevailed in the photic zone of the water column. These sapropels also have a high trace-metal content, which is probably due to the efficient scavenging of these metals by precipitating sulphides in a euxinic water column. The abundance and sulphur-isotope composition of pyrite are consistent with iron sulphide formation in the water column. We conclude that basin-wide water-column euxinia occurred over substantial periods during Pliocene sapropel formation in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, and that the ultimate degradation of the increased organic-matter production was strongly influential in generating and sustaining the euxinic conditions.
Project(s):
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 34.846000 * Median Longitude: 25.162020 * South-bound Latitude: 33.796400 * West-bound Longitude: 17.750000 * North-bound Latitude: 36.260800 * East-bound Longitude: 32.725600
Date/Time Start: 1995-03-20T02:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1995-04-16T17:55:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 42.6 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 82.9 m
Event(s):
160-964D * Latitude: 36.260600 * Longitude: 17.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1995-03-20T02:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1995-03-20T16:45:00 * Elevation: -3660.0 m * Penetration: 108.6 m * Recovery: 112.2 m * Location: Eastern Basin * Campaign: Leg160 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 12 cores; 108.6 m cored; 0 m drilled; 103.3 % recovery
160-964E * Latitude: 36.260800 * Longitude: 17.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1995-03-20T16:45:00 * Date/Time End: 1995-03-21T00:45:00 * Elevation: -3661.0 m * Penetration: 85.5 m * Recovery: 54.32 m * Location: Eastern Basin * Campaign: Leg160 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 6 cores; 53 m cored; 0 m drilled; 102.5 % recovery
160-966C * Latitude: 33.796400 * Longitude: 32.701400 * Date/Time Start: 1995-03-28T13:12:00 * Date/Time End: 1995-03-29T03:20:00 * Elevation: -926.0 m * Penetration: 127 m * Recovery: 101.6 m * Location: Eastern Basin * Campaign: Leg160 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 17 cores; 127 m cored; 0 m drilled; 80 % recovery
Comment:
Sediment depth is given in mbsf. Enrichment factors are given with respect to average non-sapropel sediments around the sapropels.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | ||||
| 2 | Code | Code | Passier, Hilde F | sapropel | ||
| 3 | Sample code/label | Sample label | Passier, Hilde F | DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation | ||
| 4 | AGE | Age | ka BP | Geocode | ||
| 5 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Geocode | ||
| 6 | Cadmium | Cd | mg/kg | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 7 | Enrichment factor | EF | Passier, Hilde F | Cd | ||
| 8 | Molybdenum | Mo | mg/kg | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 9 | Enrichment factor | EF | Passier, Hilde F | Mo | ||
| 10 | Nickel | Ni | mg/kg | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 11 | Enrichment factor | EF | Passier, Hilde F | Ni | ||
| 12 | Selenium | Se | mg/kg | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 13 | Enrichment factor | EF | Passier, Hilde F | Se | ||
| 14 | Vanadium | V | mg/kg | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 15 | Enrichment factor | EF | Passier, Hilde F | V | ||
| 16 | Carbon, organic, total | TOC | % | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 17 | Enrichment factor | EF | Passier, Hilde F | TOC | ||
| 18 | Accumulation rate, total organic carbon | Acc rate TOC | g/cm2/ka | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 19 | Barium | Ba | mg/kg | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 20 | Enrichment factor | EF | Passier, Hilde F | Ba | ||
| 21 | Sulfur of pyrite | S Py | % | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 22 | δ34S, pyrite | δ34S Py | ‰ CDT | Passier, Hilde F | ||
| 23 | Isorenieratene derivative | Iso deriv | Passier, Hilde F | ++ = abundant, + = trace, - = not detected |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
145 data points