Nunes, Flavia; Norris, Richard D (2006): (Table S1) Stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of Nuttallides truempyi of the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.769834, Supplement to: Nunes, F; Norris, RD (2006): Abrupt reversal in ocean overturning during the Palaeocene/Eocene warm period. Nature, 439(7072), 60-63, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04386
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Abstract:
An exceptional analogue for the study of the causes and consequences of global warming occurs at the Palaeocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum, 55 million years ago. A rapid rise of global temperatures during this event accompanied turnovers in both marine (Kelly et al., 1998, doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00017-0; Bralower, 2002, doi:10.1029/2001PA000662; Crouch et al., 2001, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0315:GDEAWT>2.0.CO;2) and terrestrial biota (Bowen et al., 2002, doi:10.1126/science.1068700), as well as significant changes in ocean chemistry (Dickens et al., 1997, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0259:ABOGIT>2.3.CO;2; Zachos et al., 2005, doi:10.1126/science.1109004) and circulation (Kennett and Stott, 1991, doi:10.1038/353225a0; Pak and Miller, 1992, doi:10.1029/92PA01234). Here we present evidence for an abrupt shift in deep-ocean circulation using carbon isotope records from fourteen sites. These records indicate that deep-ocean circulation patterns changed from Southern Hemisphere overturning to Northern Hemisphere overturning at the start of the Palaeocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum. This shift in the location of deep-water formation persisted for at least 40,000 years, but eventually recovered to original circulation patterns. These results corroborate climate model inferences that a shift in deep-ocean circulation would deliver relatively warmer waters to the deep sea, thus producing further warming (Bice and Marotzke, 2002, doi:10.1029/2001PA000678). Greenhouse conditions can thus initiate abrupt deep-ocean circulation changes in less than a few thousand years, but may have lasting effects; in this case taking 100,000 years to revert to background conditions.
Related to:
Bralower, Timothy J; Zachos, James C; Thomas, Ellen; Parrow, Matthew; Paull, Charles K; Kelly, Daniel Clay; Premoli Silva, Isabella; Sliter, William V; Lohmann, Kyger C (1995): Late Paleocene to Eocene paleoceanography of the equatorial Pacific Ocean: Stable isotopes recorded at Ocean Drilling Program Site 865, Allison Guyot. Paleoceanography, 10(4), 841-865, https://doi.org/10.1029/95PA01143
Katz, Miriam E; Katz, David R; Wright, James D; Miller, Kenneth G; Pak, Dorothy K; Shackleton, Nicholas J; Thomas, Ellen (2003): Early Cenozoic benthic foraminiferal isotopes: Species reliability and interspecies correction factors. Paleoceanography, 18(2), 1024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002PA000798
Kennett, James P; Stott, Lowell D (1990): Proteus and Proto-Oceanus: ancestral Paleogene oceans as revealed from Antarctic stable isotopic results; ODP Leg 113. In: Barker, PF; Kennett, JP; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 113, 865-878, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.113.188.1990
Lu, Gangyi; Keller, Gerta (1993): The Paleocene-Eocene transition in the Antarctic Indian Ocean: Inference from planktic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 21(1-3), 101-142, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(93)90012-M
Stott, Lowell D; Sinha, Ashish; Thiry, Medard; Aubry, Marie-Pierre; Berggren, William A (1996): Global d13C changes across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: criteria for terrestrial-marine correlations. In: Knox, RWO'B; Corfield, RM; Dunay, RE (eds.), Correlation of the Early Paleogene in Northwest Europe, Geological Society Special Publication, 101, 381-399
Thomas, Deborah J; Zachos, James C; Bralower, Timothy J; Thomas, Ellen; Bohaty, Steven M (2002): Warming the fuel for the fire: Evidence for the thermal dissociation of methane hydrate during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum. Geology, 30(12), 1067-1070, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030%3C1067:WTFFTF%3E2.0.CO;2
Thomas, Ellen; Shackleton, Nicholas J (1996): The Paleocene-Eocene benthic foraminiferal extinction and stable isotope anomalies. In: Knox, RWO'B; Corfield, RM; Dunay, RE (eds.), Correlation of the Early Paleogene in Northwest Europe, Geological Society Special Publication, 101, 401-441, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.20
Project(s):
Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP)
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -3.362029 * Median Longitude: -23.346723 * South-bound Latitude: -65.161000 * West-bound Longitude: -143.694180 * North-bound Latitude: 49.088000 * East-bound Longitude: 93.896200
Date/Time Start: 1972-02-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-02-01T07:50:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 101.97 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 513.80 m
Event(s):
22-213 * Latitude: -10.211800 * Longitude: 93.896200 * Date/Time: 1972-02-04T00:00:00 * Elevation: -5601.0 m * Penetration: 163 m * Recovery: 143.6 m * Location: Indian Ocean//BASIN * Campaign: Leg22 * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 18 cores; 163 m cored; 0 m drilled; 88.1 % recovery
48-401 * Latitude: 47.427500 * Longitude: -8.810300 * Date/Time: 1976-06-06T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2495.0 m * Penetration: 341 m * Recovery: 103.1 m * Location: North Atlantic/TERRACE * Campaign: Leg48 * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 24 cores; 228 m cored; 38 m drilled; 45.2 % recovery
74-525A * Latitude: -29.070700 * Longitude: 2.985300 * Date/Time: 1980-06-10T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2467.0 m * Penetration: 678.1 m * Recovery: 406.6 m * Location: South Atlantic/CREST * Campaign: Leg74 * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 62 cores; 549.7 m cored; 6 m drilled; 74 % recovery
Comment:
Sediment depth is given in mbsf. Further relevant datasets see: Pak and Miller (1992) doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.52489. Benthic foraminiferal d13C data for Site 690 published by Thomas and Shackleton (1996) were excluded from this analysis (total = 28 data points, out of 91 published data points). These data were systematically offset towards more positive values (~0.5 per mil to 1 per mil) from the data published by Kennett and Stott 1990, Stott et al., 1990 and Thomas et al, 2002.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | ||||
| 2 | Sample code/label | Sample label | Nunes, Flavia | DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation | ||
| 3 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Geocode | ||
| 4 | AGE | Age | ka BP | Geocode | ||
| 5 | Nuttallides truempyi, δ13C | N. truempyi δ13C | ‰ PDB | Nunes, Flavia | ||
| 6 | Nuttallides truempyi, δ18O | N. truempyi δ18O | ‰ PDB | Nunes, Flavia | ||
| 7 | Reference of data | Ref data | Nunes, Flavia |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
1557 data points