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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ZWALUW cruise from Texel to Batavia started at 1841-12-31, Version 2 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752997, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -15.816923 * Median Longitude: 20.424712 * South-bound Latitude: -39.330000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.580000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.420000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1842-01-02T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1842-04-29T05:00:00
Event(s):
Zwaluw_18411231_V_REIS_1_P4-7-2 * Latitude Start: 53.090000 * Longitude Start: 4.670000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1842-01-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1842-04-29T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Zwaluw (Brik), Voyage: Texel - Batavia, 1st Observer: Enslie (Ltz), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
11 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
12 LandmarkLandmarkName of third landmark
13 BearingBearingBearing of the third landmark
14 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
15 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
16 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
17 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about any biological item
18 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
19 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
20 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
21 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
22 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
23 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
24 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
25 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
26 Present weatherwwWeather description
27 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
28 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
29 Cloud typeCloud type
30 ClearnessClearness
31 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
32 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
33 FogFog1 If fog was reported
34 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
35 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
36 HailHail1 If hail was reported
37 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
38 CommentComment
39 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2260 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
11 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
12 
Landmark
(Name of third landmark)
13 
Bearing
(Bearing of the third landmark)
14 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
15 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
16 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
17 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
18 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
19 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
20 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
21 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
22 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
23 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
24 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
25 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
26 
ww
(Weather description)
27 
Precip descr
28 
State sea descr
29 
Cloud type
30 
Clearness
31 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
32 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
33 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
34 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
35 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
36 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
37 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
38 
Comment
39 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1842-01-02T12:0049.42-5.421446.71021.313.3VM8-25456.00766.00ZTO4W20V060100000287035
1842-01-03T12:0048.28-7.0027922.6VM8-259NWTW9W20V040100000287036
1842-01-04T13:0047.20-8.903584.61029.312.2VM8-25354.00772.00NNO4-3Z02V03H000000000287037
1842-01-05T13:0045.93-11.251219.31029.313.3VM8-25556.00772.00ZOTZ5W20V040100000287038
1842-01-06T13:0043.95-13.32649.3VM8-265O5V01H000000000287039
1842-01-07T13:0041.35-14.0033612.3VM8-246ONO-N5-6V01H000000000287040
1842-01-08T13:0038.18-14.823366.71032.014.4VM8-24458.00774.00N4V05H000000000287041
1842-01-10T13:0034.70-16.701246.71029.316.7VM8-22462.00772.00ZOTZ4H20, H000000000287042
1842-01-11T13:0033.08-17.951026.71028.018.9VM8-22466.00771.00ZOTO4H22, H000000000287043
1842-01-12T13:0032.13-20.072279.31033.320.0VM8-21568.00775.00WZW5H22, H000000000287044
1842-01-13T13:0029.62-19.5529.31038.720.0VM8-21568.00779.00WTZ-NNO5W200100000287045
1842-01-14T13:0027.42-20.402512.31038.720.0VM8-20668.00779.00NO6V05H000000000287046
1842-01-15T13:0024.43-22.05596.71033.321.1VM8-20470.00775.00OTN4H21, H000000000287047
1842-01-17T14:0017.97-25.253812.31029.321.1VM8-18670.00772.00NOTO6Z01H010000000287048
1842-01-18T14:0015.30-26.10519.3VM8-175ONO5Z01H000000000287049
1842-01-19T14:0012.70-24.455112.31025.322.8VM8-17673.00769.00ONO6Z01V05H000000000287050
1842-01-20T14:009.70-23.55299.31032.023.9VM8-16575.00774.00NO5H20, H000000000287051
1842-01-21T14:006.90-22.78416.7VM8-154NOTO4W20V000100000287052
1842-01-22T13:004.97-20.70174.6998.726.7VM8-17380.00749.00NOTN3H000000000287053
1842-01-23T13:003.15-19.983434.6997.326.7VM8-17380.00748.00N3V04H000000000287054
1842-01-24T13:001.73-19.732316.7997.326.7VM8-17480.00748.00N-WZW4W22V040100000287055
1842-01-25T13:001.13-19.421971.01024.028.3VM8-17183.00768.00ZWTZ1H000000000287056
1842-01-26T13:001.05-19.231524.61024.027.8VM8-17382.00768.00ZTO3V00H000000000287057
1842-01-27T13:000.73-19.571634.6VM8-173Z3W20V040100000287058
1842-01-28T13:000.03-20.701184.61024.027.2VM8VINGEN EEN KLEINE HAAI.-17381.00768.00ZO3W30H200000100287059
1842-01-29T13:00-0.87-21.423611018.727.2VM8-1781.00764.00STILW300000100287060
1842-01-30T14:00-1.40-22.781552.6VM8-142ZTO2H000000000287061
1842-01-31T14:00-2.67-24.221219.31021.327.8VM8-14582.00766.00ZO5H20, H000000000287062
1842-02-01T14:00-4.90-25.9011012.31024.027.2VM8-14681.00768.00ZOTO6V040000000287063
1842-02-02T14:00-7.52-27.671366.7VM8-104ZOTZ4H000000000287064
1842-02-03T14:00-9.63-28.971036.71024.027.2VM8-10481.00768.00OZO4H000000000287065
1842-02-04T14:00-11.97-29.35919.31026.726.7VM8-10580.00770.00OTZ5V00H000000000287066
1842-02-05T14:00-14.67-29.15819.3VM8-95O5H000000000287067
1842-02-06T14:00-17.55-29.33826.71029.327.2VM8-8481.00772.00O4W200100000287068
1842-02-07T14:00-20.10-29.58939.31029.326.7VM8-8580.00772.00OTZ5H000000000287069
1842-02-08T14:00-22.57-28.98726.71029.327.2VM8-7481.00772.00OTN4SLECHT WATER (DD2)H000000000287070
1842-02-09T14:00-24.58-28.03941.01030.727.2VM8-7181.00773.00OTZ1H000000000287071
1842-02-10T14:00-26.68-27.58946.71032.027.2VM8-7481.00774.00OTZ4V00H000000000287072
1842-02-11T14:00-28.55-26.58474.61030.726.7VM8-9380.00773.00NOTO3V00H000000000287073
1842-02-12T14:00-29.83-25.10254.61028.026.7VM8-9380.00771.00NOTN3V00H000000000287074
1842-02-13T14:00-30.22-23.683404.61025.326.1VM8-9379.00769.00NTW3H000000000287075
1842-02-14T13:00-30.92-21.5333612.31024.025.6VM8-13678.00768.00NTW6W20V040100000287076
1842-02-15T13:00-31.50-18.1334712.3VM8-136N6H22, H000000000287077
1842-02-16T13:00-32.18-13.903229.31030.722.8VM8-16573.00773.00NNW5W20V040100000287078
1842-02-17T13:00-32.22-10.981279.31029.322.8VM8-19573.00772.00ZOTZ5Z01V040000000287079
1842-02-18T13:00-31.62-9.221279.3VM8-195ZOTZS015V000000000287080
1842-02-19T13:00-31.03-7.9211612.31030.720.6VM8-19669.00773.00ZO6Z01H000000000287081
1842-02-20T13:00-32.72-8.851411.01028.021.1VM8-17170.00771.00ZZO1H000000000287082
1842-02-21T13:00-33.02-8.031869.31029.320.6VM8-17569.00772.00ZZW5H20, H000000000287083
1842-02-22T12:00-33.92-5.381836.7VM8-204ZZW4H20, H000000000287084
1842-02-23T12:00-34.58-2.932512.31036.020.0VM8-20668.00777.00NO6W20V040100000287085
1842-02-24T12:00-35.700.02119.31034.720.0VM8-23568.00776.00NOTN5H000000000287086
1842-02-25T12:00-36.252.603586.71030.720.0VM8-25468.00773.00NNOS014H000000000287087
1842-02-26T12:00-36.634.43316.71030.720.0VM8-25468.00773.00NOTO4H000000000287088
1842-02-27T12:00-36.925.403610.01030.720.0VM8-25068.00773.00STIL0V00H000000000287089
1842-02-28T12:00-36.955.972901.01033.320.6VM8-25169.00775.00NW1V04H000000000287090
1842-03-01T12:00-36.986.423621.01029.321.7VM8-25171.00772.00VAR1V04H000000000287091
1842-03-02T12:00-37.136.773589.31026.721.7VM8-25571.00770.00NNO5V04H000000000287092
1842-03-03T11:00-37.088.633229.31021.321.1VM8-27570.00766.00NTW5V00H000000000287093
1842-03-04T11:00-36.6712.4732212.3VM8-276NTW6V010000000287094
1842-03-05T11:00-35.8216.7827615.4VM8-287NWTW7V04H000000000287095
1842-03-06T11:00-34.3717.7010612.3VM8-296ZO6V00H000000000287096
1842-03-07T00:00TAFELBERGZ 1/2 WLEEUWEKOPZW 1/2 WEN PUNT ?WNW10000000287097
1842-03-16T00:00GAAN ONDERZEIL NAAR JAVA.0000000287098
1842-03-17T11:00-33.7318.273611022.719.4VM8-2967.00767.00STILV000000000287099
1842-03-18T11:00-33.9717.032429.31020.020.0VM8-28568.00765.00W5W20V040100000287100
1842-03-19T11:00-35.4217.231979.31022.720.0VM8-28568.00767.00ZW5Z01V040000000287101
1842-03-20T11:00-36.3018.103099.31013.321.1VM8-29570.00760.00NNW5H20, H000000000287102
1842-03-21T11:00-37.8020.971021.322.8VM8-2973.00766.00W02Z02V031000000287103
1842-03-22T10:00-38.2525.101059.31026.720.6VM8-30569.00770.00WZW-ZOS015W20H200100000287104
1842-03-23T10:00-38.2727.4233012.31009.322.2VM8-30672.00757.00N6V010000000287105
1842-03-24T10:00-37.7331.6025022.61018.723.9VM8-31975.00764.00WTNS029V03H000000000287106
1842-03-25T10:00-37.8735.831946.71026.722.8VM8-31473.00770.00WNW-ZW4V04, V030000000287107
1842-03-26T09:00-38.3239.951841.01029.321.1VM8-30170.00772.00ZWTZ1H000000000287108
1842-03-27T09:00-39.1742.77515.41034.721.1VM8-29770.00776.00NOTN7V04H000000000287109
1842-03-28T09:00-39.3346.3733115.41033.322.2VM8-29772.00775.00N7VLIEGENDE LUCHT (DD2)H10, H000000000287110
1842-03-29T09:00-38.8250.6229812.31032.022.2VM8-28672.00774.00NWTN6V01H000000000287111
1842-03-30T08:00-39.1255.2529915.41026.721.7VM8-27771.00770.00NWTN7V05H000000000287112
1842-03-31T08:00-38.8059.7231212.31024.021.7VM8-26671.00768.00NNW6V04H000000000287113
1842-04-01T08:00-38.3364.333249.31022.720.6VM8-25569.00767.00NTW5W20V040100000287114
1842-04-02T07:00-37.7368.3734712.31026.720.6VM8-24669.00770.00NTO6H22, H000000000287115
1842-04-03T07:00-37.8372.6734826.81012.021.7VM8-231071.00759.00NTO10W20Z01V050100000287116
1842-04-04T07:00-38.0874.832709.31014.721.1VM8-23570.00761.00WNW5Z01H22, H000000000287117
1842-04-05T07:00-37.3878.232439.31024.021.1VM8-16570.00768.00WTZ5H000000000287118
1842-04-06T07:00-36.7880.7811912.31026.720.0VM8-16668.00770.00ZOS016H20, H000000000287119
1842-04-07T06:00-35.3883.30309.31020.020.6VM8-15569.00765.00NO5H22, H000000000287120
1842-04-08T06:00-35.3784.6828912.31021.320.0VM8-15668.00766.00NWTW6Z01V06H000000000287121
1842-04-09T06:00-34.3287.522341.01029.320.0VM8-14168.00772.00WZW1V04H000000000287122
1842-04-10T06:00-33.8588.801896.71034.720.0VM8-14468.00776.00ZZW4V04H000000000287123
1842-04-11T06:00-32.8790.951899.31034.720.0VM8-14568.00776.00ZZW5V04H000000000287124
1842-04-12T06:00-31.4394.0013712.31033.320.6VM8-9669.00775.00ZOTZS006V04H000000000287125
1842-04-13T06:00-29.8596.6712612.31032.019.4VM8-9667.00774.00ZO6V04H000000000287126
1842-04-14T05:00-28.3798.781169.31032.020.0VM8-8568.00774.00ZOTO5V04H000000000287127
1842-04-15T05:00-26.00100.6210715.41029.322.2VM8-6772.00772.00OZO7W20V040100000287128
1842-04-16T05:00-23.17101.9810712.31026.722.8VM8-6673.00770.00OZO6H20, H000000000287129
1842-04-17T05:00-20.60102.8713212.31025.323.3VM8-3674.00769.00ZO6V06H000000000287130
1842-04-18T05:00-18.30103.4812112.31024.026.7VM8-3680.00768.00ZOTO6W20V040100000287131
1842-04-19T05:00-15.33103.95774.61022.727.2VM8-2381.00767.00OTN3V04H000000000287132
1842-04-20T05:00-14.05104.18991.01022.728.3VM8-2183.00767.00OTZ1V04H000000000287133
1842-04-21T05:00-13.00104.451446.71022.728.3VM8-2483.00767.00ZOTZ4H000000000287134
1842-04-22T05:00-11.72105.07454.61022.728.9VM80384.00767.00NO3H000000000287135
1842-04-23T05:00-11.12105.503261.01024.028.9VM80184.00768.00NWTN1W20H010100000287136
1842-04-24T05:00-10.55105.63454.61024.028.9VM80384.00768.00NO3V010000000287137
1842-04-25T05:00-9.63105.181019.31025.329.4VM80585.00769.00OTZ5W20V040100000287138
1842-04-26T05:00-8.05105.151136.71025.329.4VM80485.00769.00OZO4H000000000a trivial correction was made in this observation287139
1842-04-27T00:001806.71024.029.4CRACATOU (WESTHOEK)N 1/2 WPIEK VAN PRINSENEILANDW 3/4 Z3E PUNT VAN JAVAONOVM8485.00768.00OZO-Z4H000000000287140
1842-04-28T00:00344.61022.729.4OOSTHOEK NMAIS ? IN DEN WEGNW 1/4 NBRABANTSHOEDJEOTZTOPPERS HOEDJENTO385.00767.00NOTN3H000000000287141
1842-04-29T05:00-6.10106.86351.01022.729.411185.00767.00NOTN1V000000000287142