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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Wilhelmina en Maria cruise from Texel to Montevideo started at 1826-03-10 [dataset]. Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum Amsterdam, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752883, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 1.594500 * Median Longitude: -29.051667 * South-bound Latitude: -34.890000 * West-bound Longitude: -56.210000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.130000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.120000
Date/Time Start: 1826-03-10T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1826-05-11T16:00:00
Event(s):
Wilhelmina_en_Maria_18260310_I-225 * Latitude Start: 53.090000 * Longitude Start: 4.670000 * Latitude End: -35.970000 * Longitude End: -55.650000 * Date/Time Start: 1826-03-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1826-05-11T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Wilhelmina En Maria (Fregatschip), Voyage: Texel - Montevideo, 1st Observer: Jacobus Boelen (Kapitein), 2nd Observer: C.J. Claasen (Stuurman), Company: MER, Other ship information: EX FREGATSCHIP 'EUTERPE', 316 TON, GEBOUWD IN 1810 TE BOSTON. IN 1825 OMGEBOUWD EN OMGEDOOPT. SCHIP WERD UITGERUST VOOR EEN EXPEDITIE NAAR ZUID-AMERIKA.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the second landmark
14 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
15 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
16 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
17 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
18 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
19 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
20 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
21 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
22 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
23 Present weatherwwWeather description
24 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
25 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
26 Cloud typeCloud type
27 ClearnessClearness
28 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
29 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
30 FogFog1 If fog was reported
31 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
32 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
33 HailHail1 If hail was reported
34 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
35 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1225 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the second landmark)
14 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
15 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
16 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
17 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
18 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
19 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
20 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
21 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
22 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
23 
ww
(Weather description)
24 
Precip descr
25 
State sea descr
26 
Cloud type
27 
Clearness
28 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
29 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
30 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
31 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
32 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
33 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
34 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
35 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1826-03-10T12:0049.13-5.121666.71016.114.7Z51W133.00292407. (KOERS EN VERHEID WORDEN NU WEER AANGEGEVEN IN GRADEN EN MINUTEN, DE LENGTE BEVONDEN IS DE TIJDMETER, DE BAROMETER IN DUIMEN, STREPEN EN PUNTEN?, DE THERMOMETER IN GRADEN EN ?)-2558.50290107.00ZTWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHOGE ZEEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279840
1826-03-11T13:0048.08-8.472212.01016.615.0Z49:30W127.00-2759.00290109.00ZW-WZWAFNEMENDE FLAUWE KOELTEHOGE ZEE UIT ZW0000000279841
1826-03-12T13:0047.82-9.33412.91018.013.3Z40W44.00-2756.00290203.00ONOAANNEMENDE KOELTEMOOI WEER0000000279842
1826-03-13T13:0045.40-13.2713212.31034.814.4Z45W230.00-2658.00290800.00ZZOSTIJVE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000279843
1826-03-14T13:0044.95-14.731992.61014.415.6Z16W94.00-2660.00290100.00ZWONGESTADIGE KOELTEHOGE ZEE0000000279844
1826-03-15T13:0044.37-15.471992.61008.615.6Z43:45W45.00-2660.00281100.00ZWONGESTADIGE KOELTEHOGE ZEE0000000279845
1826-03-16T13:0043.08-15.21192.61012.215.6Z29W63.00-2660.00290003.00ONO-NOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERHOGE DEINING UIT W0000000279846
1826-03-17T13:0040.37-15.65229.31015.415.6Z19W210.00GEEFT AANTEKENING OVER DE TIJD AAN BOORD TOV GREENWICH-2360.00290104.00NOAANNEMENDE-GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEMOTREGENOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0100000279847
1826-03-18T13:0037.50-15.75222.61019.016.7Z20:44W219.00-2362.00290207.00NOONGESTADIGE KOELTELICHTE REGENBEWOLKTE LUCHT0100000279848
1826-03-19T13:0034.72-18.68234.61020.017.2Z21W127.00-2263.00290211.00NOBRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000279849
1826-03-20T13:0032.68-19.62231.01020.017.8Z21W138.00-2264.00290211.00NOFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEER0000000279850
1826-03-21T13:0030.67-20.97142.91024.318.9Z21W121.00-2066.00290405.00NOTNAANNEMENDE KOELTEDONKERE LUCHT0000000279851
1826-03-22T13:0029.08-20.681152.61021.218.9Z21W87.00-2066.00290304.00ZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEMOOI WEER0000000279852
1826-03-23T13:0028.43-21.972052.91017.320.6Z13W39.00-2069.00290200.00ZWAANNEMENDE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279853
1826-03-24T13:0025.90-21.672854.61015.420.0Z16W159.00-1968.00290104.00NWTWBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000279854
1826-03-25T13:0024.03-22.252854.61016.321.1Z19W99.00-1970.00290108.00NWTWBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000279855
1826-03-26T14:0022.82-23.222861.01021.421.7Z28W60.00-1871.00290305.00NWTWFLAUWE KOELTEMOOI WEER0000000279856
1826-03-27T14:0022.17-23.121870.01020.223.3Z28:27W40.00-1674.00290300.00ZZWSTILLETJESBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000279857
1826-03-28T14:0021.92-23.222540.01017.322.8Z26:27W14.00-1673.00290200.00WFLAUW-STIL0000000279858
1826-03-29T14:0020.43-23.772322.91015.123.3Z21W86.00-1674.00290103.00WZWAANNEMENDE KOELTEMOOI WEER0000000279859
1826-03-30T14:0018.95-24.7871.01017.824.4Z27W83.00-1676.00290202.00NNOFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279860
1826-03-31T14:0017.60-25.98182.61018.524.4ST ANTONIO, PIEKZOTOZ24W86.00-1676.00290205.00NOTNFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000279861
1826-04-01T14:0015.33-26.10864.01018.523.3Z3W129.00-1574.00290205.00OTZAFNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279862
1826-04-02T14:0013.28-25.23534.61017.325.6Z22O135.00-1578.00290200.00ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTEAANGENAAM WEER0000000279863
1826-04-03T14:0011.17-24.27544.91017.326.1Z25O135.00-1479.00290200.00ONOAANNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000279864
1826-04-04T14:008.97-23.02424.61016.826.7Z25:36O144.00-1480.00290110.00NOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEAANGENAAM WEER0000000279865
1826-04-05T14:006.13-22.52554.61015.627.8Z14O172.00-1382.00290105.00NO-ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000279866
1826-04-06T13:004.18-21.853562.61014.428.3Z3O118.00-1583.00290100.00NTOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000279867
1826-04-07T13:001.98-22.3084.61015.428.3Z3O129.00-1583.00290104.00NNOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000279868
1826-04-08T13:000.62-21.73642.61016.828.9Z3O70.00-1584.00290110.00ONO-OTNONGESTADIGE KOELTEDONKERE LUCHT0000000279869
1826-04-09T13:000.00-22.32981.01015.428.9Z5O57.00-1584.00290104.00OZOFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEER0000000279870
1826-04-10T13:00-1.27-22.301434.61015.428.3Z18W72.00-1583.00290104.00ZZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000279871
1826-04-11T14:00-2.80-23.201356.71014.428.9Z19W96.00-1184.00290100.00ZOTZSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTELICHTE BUIENBEWOLKTE LUCHT1000000279872
1826-04-12T14:00-4.87-24.031354.61016.328.3Z23W128.00-1183.00290108.00ZOTZBRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000279873
1826-04-13T14:00-7.20-25.1713512.31016.328.3Z28W143.00-1183.00290108.00ZOTZSTIJVE AANNEMENDE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000279874
1826-04-14T14:00-9.35-27.251244.61017.328.3Z17W131.00-1183.00290200.00ZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE HELDERE LUCHT0000000279875
1826-04-15T14:00-11.95-29.031166.71017.328.3Z21W161.00-883.00290200.00ZOTOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000279876
1826-04-16T14:00-14.78-30.081062.61020.228.3Z18W173.00-783.00290300.00OZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEGOED WEER0000000279877
1826-04-17T14:00-17.18-31.451624.61021.228.9Z29W154.00-784.00290304.00ZTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHT1000000279878
1826-04-18T14:00-19.58-32.781104.61023.128.9Z30W162.00-384.00290400.00OZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE HELDERE LUCHT0000000279879
1826-04-19T14:00-21.23-33.98650.01018.829.4Z34W120.00-385.00290206.00ZOTZ-ONOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE-STILTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET STORTREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT1100000279880
1826-04-20T14:00-23.10-35.471114.61018.327.2Z35W120.00-281.00290204.00OZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEDONKERE LUCHT0000000279881
1826-04-21T14:00-24.80-36.381224.61018.527.8Z34W115.00-282.00290205.00ZOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEDONKERE LUCHT0000000279882
1826-04-22T15:00-26.35-38.42462.61019.526.7Z44W108.00180.00290209.00NOONGESTADIGE KOELTEOVERHALENDE DONKERE LUCHT0000000279883
1826-04-23T15:00-27.82-38.733184.91011.327.2Z49W116.00381.00281111.00NWAANNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000279884
1826-04-24T15:00-28.87-40.1022815.41014.424.4Z32W87.00376.00290100.00ZWDIGTGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000279885
1826-04-25T15:00-28.73-40.621941021.722.2Z77O10.00372.00290306.00ZTWAFNEMENDE WINDHOGE ZEEBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000279886
1826-04-26T15:00-29.47-40.632624.61020.223.3Z45W55.00374.00290300.00WTZBRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000279887
1826-04-27T15:00-29.67-41.572064.61022.222.8Z58W42.00373.00290308.00ZZWBRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279888
1826-04-28T15:00-29.80-43.273210.01022.222.8Z73W24.00673.00290308.00NWSTILLETJES0000000279889
1826-04-29T15:00-30.82-43.432090.01023.424.4Z7W51.00676.00290401.00WTZ-ZZWSTILLETJES0000000279890
1826-04-30T15:00-31.97-44.503106.71021.723.9Z52W83.00675.00290306.00NWTWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE-OMLOPENDBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENBETROKKENE LUCHT1100000279891
1826-05-01T15:00-32.65-44.402111.01026.021.7Z7O39.00871.00290500.00ZZWFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279892
1826-05-02T15:00-33.52-46.531544.61028.721.7Z65W118.00871.00290511.00ZOTZBRAMZEILSKOELTEAANGENAAM WEER0000000279893
1826-05-03T15:00-34.50-49.0033613.11021.423.3ST MARY (GIS)Z87W48Z71W159.001074.00290305.00NTW-NWTNAANNEMENDE STIJVE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000279894
1826-05-04T16:00-34.68-52.673504.01014.422.2W176.001272.00290100.00NNWAFNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000279895
1826-05-05T16:00-34.83-53.183270.01015.922.2Z81W59.001272.00290106.00NWSTILLETJESOPKLARENDE HELDERE LUCHT0000000279896
1826-05-06T16:00-34.73-53.402152.91014.420.0LANDST MARYWTN7Z89W15.001268.00290100.00ZZWAANNEMENDE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279897
1826-05-07T16:00-34.68-53.051924.61020.016.7LANDZ64O10.001262.00290211.00ZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000279898
1826-05-08T00:00-34.933154.6WITTE HOEKNWTW3/4W1BUENOS AIRES GEBLOKKEERD, DAAROM RICHTING MONTEVIDEONWBRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000279899
1826-05-11T16:00-34.89-56.211120000000279900