García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during WELMEENENDE cruise from Gulf of Guinea to Paramaribo started at 1770-02-16 [dataset]. Rijksarchief Zeeland, Middelburg, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752869, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -0.030417 * Median Longitude: -19.451458 * South-bound Latitude: -3.980000 * West-bound Longitude: -55.150000 * North-bound Latitude: 5.830000 * East-bound Longitude: 5.230000
Date/Time Start: 1770-02-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-04-08T16:00:00
Event(s):
Welmeenende_17700216_MCC_20_1302 * Latitude Start: 4.480000 * Longitude Start: 1.680000 * Latitude End: 5.950000 * Longitude End: -55.190000 * Date/Time Start: 1770-02-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-04-08T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Welmeenende (Snauw), Voyage: Gulf Of Guinea - Paramaribo, Company: MCC, Other ship information: HET SCHIP IS BEMAND MET 28 KOPPEN EN BEWAPEND MET 6 STUKKEN TWEEPONDS KANONS.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Image number/name | Image no/name | Identification Number of the original image | |||
| 7 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 8 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 9 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 10 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 11 | Watch | Watch | Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships | |||
| 12 | Glasses | Glasses | Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses | |||
| 13 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 14 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 15 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 16 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 17 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 18 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 19 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 20 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 21 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 22 | Cloud type | Cloud type | ||||
| 23 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 24 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 25 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 26 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 27 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 28 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 29 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 30 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
910 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Image no/name (Identification Number of the ...) | 7 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 8 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 9 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 10 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 11 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...) | 12 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...) | 13 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 14 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 15 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 16 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 17 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 18 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 19 ww (Weather description) | 20 Precip descr | 21 State sea descr | 22 Cloud type | 23 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 24 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 25 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 26 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 27 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 28 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 29 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 30 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1770-02-16T00:00 | MCC_20_1302_0022 | ANKER OP EN ONDER ZEIL NAAR SURINAME. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278734 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1770-02-17T12:00 | 3.98 | 1.78 | 219 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0022 | VM | 8 | ZO 1/2 Z | 13.00 | -17 | ZW-ZWTW | GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278735 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-18T12:00 | 3.53 | 2.45 | 208 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | ZOTO | 12.00 | -17 | Z-ZW | GEMENE KOELTE | DIKKE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278736 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-19T12:00 | 2.72 | 2.52 | 185 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | ZO 1/2 Z | 13.50 | -18 | ZZW | LABBER BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278737 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-20T12:00 | 2.00 | 3.50 | 252 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | ZOTZ | 13.00 | -18 | ZW-W | GOED WEER, OOK BUIIG | MET REGEN | TRAVATIGE LUCHT | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278738 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-21T12:00 | 1.83 | 3.90 | 218 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | ZZO | 15.50 | -18 | WZW-ZWTW | CONTINUELE MOTREGEN | DIKKE LUCHT | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278739 | |||||||||
| 1770-02-22T12:00 | 0.57 | 4.33 | 241 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | ZZO 2/3 O | 13.00 | -18 | WZW-WTZ | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278740 | |||||||||
| 1770-02-23T12:00 | 0.22 | 4.65 | 207 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | ZO | 17.00 | -18 | ZW | GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278741 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-24T12:00 | -0.95 | 5.23 | 230 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | Z 3/4 O | 9.00 | -18 | WTZ-WZW | LABBER BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278742 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-25T12:00 | -1.43 | 5.23 | 185 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | Z | 12.50 | -18 | W-ZZW | GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278743 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-26T12:00 | -1.83 | 4.98 | 207 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | ZW 1/2 W | 5.00 | -18 | WZW-ZW | LABBERKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278744 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-27T12:00 | -1.85 | 4.98 | 162 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0023 | VM | 8 | Z | 7.00 | -18 | Z | LUCHTJE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278745 | ||||||||
| 1770-02-28T12:00 | -2.13 | 3.28 | 151 | 6.7 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WTZ | 26.00 | -18 | ZTW-ZTO | STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278746 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-01T12:00 | -2.35 | 1.48 | 152 | 6.7 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WTZ | 27.00 | -17 | Z-ZTO | STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278747 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-02T12:00 | -2.18 | -0.52 | 141 | 1.0 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | W | 30.00 | -17 | ZZO | FRISSE KOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278748 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-03T12:00 | -2.38 | -2.38 | 152 | 4.9 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | W 1/2 Z | 28.00 | -17 | Z-ZTO | FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278749 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-04T12:00 | -2.83 | -4.48 | 132 | 6.7 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WTZ | 32.00 | -14 | ZZO-ZOTZ | STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278750 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-05T12:00 | -3.50 | -6.65 | 132 | 6.7 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WZW 1/2 W | 34.00 | -14 | ZOTZ | STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278751 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-06T13:00 | -3.98 | -8.62 | 112 | 4.9 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WTZ | 30.00 | -12 | ZO-ZOTO | FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278752 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-07T13:00 | -3.87 | -10.62 | 123 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | W | 30.00 | -12 | ZZO-ZO | VAN BUIACHTIG TOT MOOI WEER | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278753 | ||||||||||
| 1770-03-08T13:00 | -3.60 | -12.12 | 134 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WTN | 23.00 | -12 | ZO-ZOTZ | LABBER BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278754 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-09T13:00 | -3.18 | -14.08 | 125 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WTN | 30.00 | -10 | ZOTZ-ZO | GEMENE EN FRISSE KOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278755 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-10T13:00 | -3.12 | -15.98 | 114 | 1.0 | MCC_20_1302_0024 | VM | 8 | WTN | 29.00 | -10 | ZO-ZOTO | FRISSE KOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278756 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-11T13:00 | -3.02 | -17.55 | 106 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WTN | 24.00 | -7 | OTZ-OZO | GEMENE KOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278757 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-12T13:00 | -2.65 | -18.45 | 106 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WNW | 14.50 | -7 | O-OZO | LABBERKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278758 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-13T13:00 | -2.30 | -20.25 | 105 | 4.9 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WTN | 27.50 | -8 | OZO | GEMENE TOT FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278759 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-14T13:00 | -2.30 | -22.12 | 105 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | W | 28.00 | -8 | OZO | GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278760 | |||||||
| 1770-03-15T14:00 | -2.15 | -23.68 | 362 | 0.0 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WTN | 24.00 | -6 | VARIABEL | STIL | BUIACHTIG WEER | MET VEEL REGEN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278761 | |||||||
| 1770-03-16T14:00 | -2.02 | -24.12 | 361 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WNW | 7.00 | -6 | STIL | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278762 | ||||||||||
| 1770-03-17T14:00 | -1.72 | -25.40 | 95 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WNW | 21.00 | -6 | OZO-OTZ | GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278763 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-18T14:00 | -1.05 | -27.02 | 107 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WNW | 26.00 | -6 | OZO | BUIACHTIG MET WIND | EN REGEN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278764 | |||||||||
| 1770-03-19T14:00 | -0.33 | -28.73 | 76 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WNW | 29.00 | -3 | OTZ-OTN | ONGESTADIGE KOELTE | BUIIG | MET REGEN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278765 | |||||||
| 1770-03-20T14:00 | -0.67 | -29.48 | 76 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0025 | VM | 8 | WNW 1/2 N | 12.50 | -3 | OTZ-OTN | LABBERKOELTE | SOMS BUIEN MET REGEN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278766 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-21T14:00 | 0.00 | -30.15 | 31 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | NW | 24.00 | -3 | NO-NOTN | ONGESTADIGE KOELTE | TAMELIJK WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278767 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-22T14:00 | 0.30 | -31.53 | 8 | 4.9 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WNW 2/3 N | 23.00 | -3 | NO-NTO | FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | OOK GOED WEER | SOMS REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278768 | |||||||
| 1770-03-23T14:00 | 1.13 | -33.08 | 22 | 4.6 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WNW 1/2 N | 26.50 | -1 | NO-NNO | GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | CONTINUELE REGEN | HOGE ZEE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278769 | |||||||
| 1770-03-24T14:00 | 1.45 | -33.85 | 67 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WNW | 12.50 | -1 | NOTO-ONO | ONGESTADIG | CONTINUELE REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278770 | |||||||||
| 1770-03-25T14:00 | 1.38 | -35.65 | 55 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 27.50 | -1 | NOTO | ZWARE BUIEN VAN WIND EN REGEN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278771 | ||||||||||
| 1770-03-26T14:00 | 1.58 | -36.85 | 55 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 18.50 | -1 | ONO-NOTO | LABBER EN STIL, SOMS OOK FRISSE KOELTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278772 | |||||||||
| 1770-03-27T15:00 | 1.93 | -38.88 | 57 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 31.00 | 1 | ONO-NOTO | ONGESTADIGE KOELTE | VEEL REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278773 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-28T15:00 | 2.25 | -40.78 | 80 | 12.3 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 29.00 | 1 | ONO-OTN | STIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE | ZEER ONSTUIMIG WEER | DIKKE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278774 | |||||||
| 1770-03-29T15:00 | 2.65 | -42.82 | 70 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 31.00 | 2 | ONO | ONGESTADIG | ZEER ONGESTADIG WEER VAN WIND EN REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278775 | |||||||||
| 1770-03-30T15:00 | 3.07 | -44.52 | 70 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 26.00 | 2 | ONO | ONGESTADIG | RUIG WEER | ZEER VEEL REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278776 | ||||||||
| 1770-03-31T15:00 | 3.23 | -46.28 | 81 | 4.9 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 27.00 | 2 | OTN | FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278777 | ||||||||
| 1770-04-01T15:00 | 3.90 | -48.05 | 82 | 1.0 | MCC_20_1302_0026 | VM | 8 | WTN | 27.00 | 3 | OTN | FRISSE KOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278778 | ||||||||
| 1770-04-02T15:00 | 3.63 | -49.50 | 71 | 4.9 | MCC_20_1302_0027 | VM | 8 | WZW 1/3 W | 23.00 | 3 | ONO | FRISSE EN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278779 | |||||||||
| 1770-04-03T15:00 | 3.90 | -50.87 | 71 | 2.6 | MCC_20_1302_0027 | VM | 8 | WTZ | 21.00 | 3 | ONO | GEMENE KOELTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278780 | |||||||||
| 1770-04-04T15:00 | 4.85 | -51.77 | 48 | 0.0 | MCC_20_1302_0027 | CONSTAPELS | W | 5 | VM | 8 | NW | 19.00 | BEVONDEN ZICH 2°52 OOSTELIJKER DAN GEGIST. KWAMEN OP 6 APRIL TEN ANKER BIJ BRAMSPUNT. | 3 | NO | STIL | BUIACHTIG WEER | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278781 | ||||
| 1770-04-08T16:00 | 5.83 | -55.15 | MCC_20_1302_0027 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 278782 |