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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during WALPOLE cruise from Downs to Cape of Good Hope started at 1779-06-20 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752805, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -0.093784 * Median Longitude: -14.270721 * South-bound Latitude: -36.820000 * West-bound Longitude: -25.420000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.600000 * East-bound Longitude: 17.000000
Date/Time Start: 1779-06-20T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1779-10-08T11:00:00
Event(s):
Walpole_17790620_BL_L/MAR/B/293M * Latitude Start: 47.720000 * Longitude Start: -5.280000 * Latitude End: -33.670000 * Longitude End: 17.900000 * Date/Time Start: 1779-06-20T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1779-10-08T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Walpole, Voyage: Downs - Cape Of Good Hope, 1st Observer: Burnet Abercromby (Captain), Company: EIC
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1743 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
14 
ww
(Weather description)
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1779-06-20T12:0049.60-6.221LANDS ENDN28E8S48W44.00-22N, E, NNESQUALLYFAIR0000000273716
1779-06-21T12:0049.28-7.253621.0S72W43.00-22N, NE, NNW1/2W, VARIABLELIGHT AIRSFAIR0000000273717
1779-06-22T13:0048.53-8.3867S55W54.00-23NBW, NBE, NE, EBN, ENE, EFIRST AND MID LIGHT AIRS, VARIABLESWELL AT SPLEASANT0000000273718
1779-06-23T13:0047.47-10.62929.3S62W100.00-21ENE, E, EBS, ESEFRESH BREEZESLARGE SWELL AT EHAZY0000000273719
1779-06-24T13:0046.45-13.12929.3S49W138.00-21ESEPLEASANT GALELARGE SWELL AT E0000000273720
1779-06-25T13:0044.55-14.231252.6S29W98.00-21SSE, SEBSFIRST AND MID FRESH BREEZES, LATTER LIGHT BREEZEGREAT DEAL OF RAINLARGE SWELL TO ECLOUDY0100000273721
1779-06-26T13:0043.61-14.45114S21W23.00-21WBN, SELIGHT AIRS, VARIABLEDIRTYLARGE SWELL AT ESE0000000273722
1779-06-27T13:0043.13-14.9724S22W60.00-21SW, NEVARIABLEFAIR0000000273723
1779-06-28T13:0040.93-16.4514S25W135.00-20NE, NEBNSQUALLYDRIZZLING RAINFAIR0100000273724
1779-06-29T13:0038.67-17.8326S27W136.00-19NERAIN AT TIMESFAIR0100000273725
1779-06-30T13:0036.77-18.776S26W107.00-17NEBN, NNEPLEASANT AND FAIR0000000273726
1779-07-01T13:0035.80-19.803542.6S26W57.00-17NEBN, NBELIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000273727
1779-07-02T13:0034.92-19.92171.0S27W31.00-17NEBNLIGHT AIRSFAIR AND PLEASANT0000000273728
1779-07-03T13:0034.12-19.70231S6W36.00-17N, NW, VARIABLE, WSWVARIABLECLOUDY0000000273729
1779-07-04T13:0033.07-19.98298S14W60.00-17WBN, WNW, NWPLEASANT0000000273730
1779-07-05T13:0032.28-20.273442.6S18W48.00-16NNW, NLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000273731
1779-07-06T13:0031.12-20.53522.6S14W59.00-16NEBN, NNE, ENELIGHT WINDSFAIR0000000273732
1779-07-07T13:0029.40-20.98296.7S13W106.00-16NEPLEASANT BREEZECLOUDY0000000273733
1779-07-08T13:0027.75-21.6318S19W100.00-16NEBNPLEASANT0000000273734
1779-07-09T13:0026.22-22.25209.3S20W98.00-14NEBNSTEADY BREEZEVERY CLEAR0000000273735
1779-07-10T14:0024.87-22.8633S30W84.00-12NESQUALLYFAIR0000000273736
1779-07-11T14:0023.52-23.52336.7S32W86.00-12NEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR0000000273737
1779-07-12T14:0022.00-24.8723S32W108.00-11NEBNSTEADY REGULAR BREEZECLOUDY0000000273738
1779-07-13T14:0019.70-25.4245S10W150.00-11NEBESQUALLYCLOUDY0000000273739
1779-07-14T14:0017.50-25.38799.3S1W136.00-11ENE, ESTEADY BREEZEHAZY0000000273740
1779-07-15T14:0015.43-24.12806.7S34E129.00-10NEBE, NNE, EMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000273741
1779-07-16T14:0014.25-23.083622.6S50E78.00-10NE, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES0000000273742
1779-07-17T13:0013.53-22.48222.6S30E46.00-12NEBE, NEBNLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000273743
1779-07-18T13:0013.55-22.351232.6S22E22.00-12VARIABLE, SELIGHT VARIABLE WINDSWARM0000000273744
1779-07-19T13:0012.48-22.151131.0S33E22.00-11SEBELIGHT AIRSVARIABLE0000000273745
1779-07-20T13:0011.89-21.95340.0S50E42.00-11N, VARIABLE, NESOMETIMES CALMCLEAR AND PLEASANT0000000273746
1779-07-21T13:0011.31-20.75214S53E66.00-11ENE, SBE, SSW, SWVARIABLE WINDS AND SQUALLYRAINCLOUDY0100000273747
1779-07-22T13:0010.72-20.453621.0S34E33.00-11VARIABLECALM, LIGHT AIRSRAINCLOUDY0100000273748
1779-07-23T13:0010.20-20.2068S22E39.00-11VARIABLE, SSW, NE, ESE, EBNVARIABLE, SQUALLYRAIN0100000273749
1779-07-24T13:0010.32-19.70147E30.00-11ESE, SSEMODERATE BREEZES, SQUALLYRAIN0100000273750
1779-07-25T13:0010.08-19.081806.7S71E40.00-11VARIABLE, SBWLIGHT AIRS AND CALM INCREASING LATTERLY TO MODERATE BREEZES0000000273751
1779-07-26T13:009.20-18.052036.7S51E81.00-11SWBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000273752
1779-07-27T13:008.80-17.47223S40E56.00-13SWBS, SW, VARIABLE, SWBWVARIABLEDRIZZLING RAINCLOUDY0100000273753
1779-07-28T13:008.40-16.121679.3S65E90.00-13SWBS, SSW, SSTEADY BREEZECLOUDY0000000273754
1779-07-29T13:007.37-15.0820210.0S45E87.00-12SWBS, SWBSFRESH INCREASING BREEZE AND SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000273755
1779-07-30T13:006.72-14.05202S51E80.00-12SW, SSW, SWBSRAINYCLOUDY0100000273756
1779-07-31T13:006.04-13.332022.6S50E57.00-12SW, WBS, SSW, SWBSLIGHT WINDSRAINYCLOUDY0100000273757
1779-08-01T13:005.37-12.222119.3S46E93.00-14SSW, SWBS, SWFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000273758
1779-08-02T13:004.83-10.801559.3S68E92.00-14SSW, SWBS, SSW, SWBW, SBESTEADY BREEZE0000000273759
1779-08-03T13:004.65-11.651668.7W5S47.00-14SBW, SFRESH BREEZES DECLININGFAIR0000000273760
1779-08-04T13:004.36-12.541686.7W11S47.00-12SSW, SMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000273761
1779-08-05T13:004.07-13.431686.7W22S71.00-12SBW, SPLEASANT BREEZECLOUDY0000000273762
1779-08-06T13:003.92-14.651682.6W11S74.00-12SBW, S1/2W, SLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000273763
1779-08-07T13:003.55-14.652022.6S25.00-12SBE, SSW, SBW, S, VARIABLE, SWBSLIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000273764
1779-08-08T13:003.09-13.02179E22S106.00-12SWBS, SSW, SBWFRESH STEADY BREEZE, SQUALLSSMALL RAIN0100000273765
1779-08-09T13:002.63-11.57166S72E91.00-14SSW, S, SFRESH STEADY BREEZE, SQUALLSSMALL RAINCLOUDY0100000273766
1779-08-10T13:002.30-12.25189S65W46.00-14S, SBW, SSWFIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER INCREASINGRAINFAIR AND CLOUDY0100000273767
1779-08-11T13:001.90-11.331896.7S65E61.00-14SWBS, SW, S, SSWMODERATE BREEZES0000000273768
1779-08-12T13:001.62-10.021666.7S77E82.00-14SBW, SSW, SPLEASANT BREEZEFAIR0000000273769
1779-08-13T13:000.92-11.121216.7S59W77.00-14S, SBW, VARIABLE, SEBS, SEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000273770
1779-08-14T13:000.73-11.351101.0S23W35.00-14ESE, SEBEFIRST LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER FAINT AIRVARIABLE AND CLOUDY0000000273771
1779-08-15T13:000.77-11.881441.0S56W39.00-14SEBS, SBE, SE, S, SSELIGHT AIRS VARIABLECLOUDY0000000273772
1779-08-16T13:000.65-12.601341.0S61W49.00-12S, SBE, SSE, SEBSLIGHT AIRSCLEAR AND PLEASANT0000000273773
1779-08-17T13:000.25-13.521466.7S50W66.00-12SEBS, SE, SSE, SSEPLEASANT BREEZEFAIR0000000273774
1779-08-18T13:000.25-13.781011.0S23W33.00-12SSE, SEBS, SE, ESELIGHT AIRS AND CALM0000000273775
1779-08-19T13:000.48-14.031461.0S49W25.00-12ESE, SEBS, SBE, SBW, S, SSELIGHT AIRS AND CALM0000000273776
1779-08-20T13:000.25-14.731236.7S45W60.00-12SSE, SBE, SEBS, SEPLEASANT BREEZEFAIR0000000273777
1779-08-21T13:000.12-15.101570.0S49W29.00-12SE, SSE, SBW, SBECALM AND LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000273778
1779-08-22T13:000.00-15.651461.0S52W42.00-12SEBS, SE, SBE, S, SSELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000273779
1779-08-23T13:00-0.25-16.171576.7S57W37.00-12S, SBE, SBW, S, SSE, SBEPLEASANT BREEZEFAIR0000000273780
1779-08-24T13:00-0.60-16.871516.7S45W60.00-12SBE, SSE, SEBS, SBE1/2EPLEASANT BREEZEFAIR0000000273781
1779-08-25T13:00-1.03-17.42146S40W51.00-12SE, SEBS, SSE, SBE, SSEFAIR0000000273782
1779-08-26T13:00-1.82-18.03137S33W68.00-9SSE, SEBSCLOUDY0000000273783
1779-08-27T13:00-3.10-18.6512712.3S27W81.00-8SEBS, SEBE, SEFRESH TRADEPLEASANT0000000273784
1779-08-28T13:00-4.60-19.65127S30W120.00-8SEBS, SEFLYING SQUALLSCLOUDY0000000273785
1779-08-29T13:00-6.08-20.4011612.3S26W99.00-8SE, SEBEFRESH TRADEFAIR0000000273786
1779-08-30T13:00-7.42-21.43127S34W111.00-8SSE, SEBS, SESQUALLS AND PLEASANT STEADY GALEHAZY0000000273787
1779-08-31T13:00-9.13-22.0510612.3S19W116.00-7SE, SBE, ESEFRESH TRADECLOUDY0000000273788
1779-09-01T14:00-10.65-22.7311912.3S22W111.00-5SE, SEBESQUALLY, FRESH TRADE0000000273789
1779-09-02T14:00-12.30-23.15108S13W109.00-5ESESQUALLYUNSETTLED0000000273790
1779-09-03T14:00-14.00-22.979712.3S6E110.00-4E, EBSFRESH TRADEHAZY0000000273791
1779-09-04T14:00-15.10-22.5864S18E76.00-4E, ENECLEAR0000000273792
1779-09-05T13:00-15.38-22.45621.0S27E18.00-6ENELIGHT AIRS AND CALM0000000273793
1779-09-06T14:00-15.85-23.6014219.0S62W75.00-4VARIABLE, SSE, SEBSFIRST CALM, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND HEAVY SQUALLSFAIR0000000273794
1779-09-07T14:00-17.30-24.60109S32W108.00-4SEBS, SEBE, ESESTRONG GALES HEAVY SQUALLS0000000273795
1779-09-08T14:00-18.81-24.609819.0S120.00-3EBS, SEBE, E, ESE, EBSFRESH GALES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000273796
1779-09-09T14:00-20.32-24.505319.0S3E111.00-3ESE, NEBEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000273797
1779-09-10T14:00-21.83-23.80656.7S25E94.00-3EBN, ENEPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000273798
1779-09-11T14:00-22.83-23.38677.3SSE62.00-1NE, ENEPLEASANT INCREASING BREEZEFAIR0000000273799
1779-09-12T14:00-24.65-22.87897.3S14E114.00-1EBS, EPLEASANT BREEZE INCREASING LATTERLY0000000273800
1779-09-13T13:00-26.53-21.873019.0S25E128.00-4ENE, NNE, NEBNFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000273801
1779-09-14T13:00-28.12-20.2520S34E154.00-3NNEFRESH GALES, FREQUENT SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000273802
1779-09-15T13:00-29.70-18.853018.7S37E118.00-3N, NW, NNW, NWBWFIRST AND MID FRESH BREEZES, LATTER DECLINING A LITTLERAINFAIR AND CLOUDY0100000273803
1779-09-16T13:00-30.18-17.783126.7SE78.00-3NWMODERATE BREEZESPLEASANT0000000273804
1779-09-17T13:00-31.10-16.303096.7S50E100.00-6NWPLEASANT BREEZEFAIR0000000273805
1779-09-18T13:00-31.72-15.30309S51E66.00-6WNW, NWCLOUDY0000000273806
1779-09-19T13:00-32.68-13.0519S51E145.00-4NNESQUALLYRAIN0100000273807
1779-09-20T13:00-33.65-10.821846.7S68E119.00-7NWBW, WNW, SW, SSW, SBWFIRST A STRONG GALE, LATTER SETTLING TO A PLEASANT BREEZERAIN0100000273808
1779-09-21T13:00-34.18-9.63286S58E69.00-7WNWPLEASANT0000000273809
1779-09-22T13:00-34.32-7.501066.7S78E107.00-7WBN, ESESQUALLY THEN PLEASANTCLOUDY0000000273810
1779-09-23T12:00-34.48-7.223621.0S77E15.00-10SSE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND CALMDRIZZLING RAINCLOUDY0100000273811
1779-09-24T12:00-34.65-5.652389.3S72E82.00-10VARIABLE, ESE, WSWLIGHT WINDS, LATTER PLEASANT GALERAINYINPLEASANT0100000273812
1779-09-25T12:00-35.05-2.99283SE3/4E152.00-10WNWFRESH GALES, HARD SQUALLSGOOD DEAL OF RAIN0100000273813
1779-09-26T12:00-35.60-0.0426922.6EBS166.00-12WBNSTRONG GALES AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000273814
1779-09-27T12:00-35.371.842136.7E110.00-12SWPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000273815
1779-09-28T12:00-35.073.823626.7E1/2N116.00-15WNW, VARIABLEPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000273816
1779-09-29T12:00-34.584.993626.7N69E79.00-15SBE, S, SSE, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR0000000273817
1779-09-30T12:00-35.004.956419.0N21E43.00-15ESE, EBS, E, EBNFRESH GALESRAINYCLOUDY0100000273818
1779-10-01T12:00-35.424.856419.0S80E91.00-15ESE, EBNFRESH GALESALMOST CONSTANT RAIN0100000273819
1779-10-02T12:00-35.885.334122.6S28E85.00-15E, EBN, ENE, NEBESTRONG GALE WITH SQUALLSLITTLE RAIN0100000273820
1779-10-03T11:00-36.357.5335322.6S84E122.00-18NEBN, NNE, N, NBESTRONG GALE WITH SQUALLSLITTLE RAIN0100000273821
1779-10-04T11:00-36.829.113082.6N86E94.00-18N, NWBNSTRONG GALES, LATTER LIGHT BREEZES0000000273822
1779-10-05T11:00-36.0210.3136222.6N59E98.00-18VARIABLE, VARIABLEFIRST CALM, LATTER STRONG GALE AND SQUALLY0000000273823
1779-10-06T11:00-34.6212.471969.3N65E142.00-18SW, WSW, SWBSPLEASANT GALEFAIR0000000273824
1779-10-07T11:00-34.3014.6020519.0N87E125.00-20SSW, WSW, SWFRESH GALESFAIR0000000273825
1779-10-08T11:00-34.2317.001949.3E136.00-20SWBS, SWBSFRESH BREEZESFAIR0000000273826