Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 17.262500 * Median Longitude: -67.327500 * South-bound Latitude: 15.700000 * West-bound Longitude: -67.900000 * North-bound Latitude: 18.550000 * East-bound Longitude: -66.070000

Date/Time Start: 1850-05-09T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1850-05-13T00:00:00

Event(s):

Venus_18500509_X_REIS_8_PI-17-25 * Latitude Start: 18.550000 * Longitude Start: -66.070000 * Latitude End: 12.370000 * Longitude End: -68.570000 * Date/Time Start: 1850-05-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1850-05-13T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Venus (Brik), Voyage: St. Juan De Porte Rico - Curacao, 1st Observer: E. Ippius Fockens (Kltz), Company: MAR

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
9	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
10	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
11	Landmark	Landmark		Name of second landmark
12	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the second landmark
13	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
14	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
15	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
17	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
18	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
19	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
21	Cloud type	Cloud type
22	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
23	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
24	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
25	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
26	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
27	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
28	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
29	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

98 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	11 Landmark (Name of second landmark)	12 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark)	13 - (1 If position is considered t...)	14 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	15 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	16 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	17 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	18 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	19 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	20 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	21 Cloud type	22 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	29 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1850-05-09T16:00	18.55	-66.07					KASTEEL MORRO	ZO 1/4 O	1	WESTELIJKE LAND	WZW 1/2 W	1		1							0	266267
1850-05-10T17:00	18.23	-67.52	2	4.6	1021.3	25.6	ZACHEO	NWTW 1/4 W		NOORDWESTHOEK PORTO RICO	NO			2	3	78.00	766.00	N	3	V04, V00	0	266268
1850-05-11T17:00	16.57	-67.82	94	6.7	1020.0	26.7	BONAIRE, NOORDPUNT	ZTW	65					4	4	80.00	765.00	O	4	V00	0	266269
1850-05-12T17:00	15.70	-67.90	94	9.3	1018.7	26.7	BONAIRE, NOORDPUNT	ZWTW	24					4	5	80.00	764.00	O	5	V00	0	266270
1850-05-13T00:00			124	6.7								1	AVOND 20:00 U REDE CURAÇAO		4			ZOTO	4	V10	1	266271