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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Van der Palm cruise from Batavia to the Netherlands started at 1849-05-05 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752639, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -2.552344 * Median Longitude: 11.591484 * South-bound Latitude: -36.050000 * West-bound Longitude: -41.780000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.380000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.830000
Date/Time Start: 1849-05-05T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1849-09-10T00:00:00
Event(s):
Van_der_Palm_18490505_V_REIS_21_P201-212 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 53.000000 * Longitude End: 4.490000 * Date/Time Start: 1849-05-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1849-09-10T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Van Der Palm, Voyage: Batavia - Nederland, 1st Observer: J.J. Muntendam (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
11 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
12 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
13 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
14 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
15 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
16 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
17 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
19 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
20 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
21 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
22 Current speed descriptionV descr
23 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
24 Present weatherwwWeather description
25 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
26 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
27 Cloud typeCloud type
28 ClearnessClearness
29 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
30 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
31 FogFog1 If fog was reported
32 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
33 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
34 HailHail1 If hail was reported
35 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
36 CommentComment
37 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2403 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
11 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
12 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
13 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
14 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
15 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
16 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
17 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
19 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
20 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
21 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
22 
V descr
23 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
24 
ww
(Weather description)
25 
Precip descr
26 
State sea descr
27 
Cloud type
28 
Clearness
29 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
30 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
31 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
32 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
33 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
34 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
35 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
36 
Comment
37 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1849-05-05T13:00-6.95104.831594.6PV813ZZOS013H010000000264289
1849-05-06T13:00-8.07103.85361PV80STILS01H000000000264290
1849-05-07T13:00-9.03103.331584.6PV803ZZOS013V100000000264291
1849-05-08T13:00-10.10101.281246.7PV804ZOTO4V040000000264292
1849-05-09T13:00-11.3398.751586.7PV804ZZO3/4V00H000000000264293
1849-05-10T14:00-11.7795.901456.7PV8-14ZOTZ4W00W20V041100000264294
1849-05-11T14:00-12.8292.831569.3PV8-25ZZO5H000000000264295
1849-05-12T14:00-13.7390.031559.3PV8-35ZZO4/5W20V050100000264296
1849-05-13T14:00-15.0786.7213212.3PV8-36ZO6W01W201100000264297
1849-05-14T14:00-16.3284.051324.6PV8-33ZO3V04H000000000264298
1849-05-15T15:00-17.7381.321529.3PV8-65ZZO5V000000000264299
1849-05-16T00:003604.6PV83N3V05H000000000264300
1849-05-16T15:00-18.8777.821184.6PV8-63ZOTO3V00, V040000000264301
1849-05-17T00:00451.0GOENING GOEDHALIEZ 3/4 O1NO10000000264302
1849-05-17T15:00-20.0075.5312812.3PV8-76ZO5/6V100000000264303
1849-05-18T15:00-21.1072.27714.6PV8-83OTN3V040000000264304
1849-05-19T15:00-22.1770.17371.0PV8-81NO1V000000000264305
1849-05-20T15:00-22.2768.931389.31019.4PV8-8530.10ZOTZ5Z01V040000000264306
1849-05-21T16:00-22.8866.221914.6PV8-123ZZW3V000000000264307
1849-05-22T16:00-23.1763.951124.61021.4PV8-12330.16ZOTO3V010000000264308
1849-05-23T16:00-23.9861.451226.71023.8PV8-13430.23ZO5/4Z010000000264309
1849-05-24T16:00-25.3058.18779.31020.7PV8-13530.14O5OPW LZ01V020000000264310
1849-05-25T16:00-26.1855.353012.31022.1PV8-15630.18NO7/6W22, W21V030100000264311
1849-05-26T16:00-27.3254.172219.31021.1PV8-15530.15ZWTW5Z01V100000000264312
1849-05-27T17:00-26.6551.231416.71018.0PV8-17430.06ZZO4V040000000264313
1849-05-28T17:00-26.9749.08394.61020.0PV8-17330.12NOTO3V00H000000000264314
1849-05-29T17:00-27.4346.42269.31019.4PV8-19530.10NO5V000000000264315
1849-05-30T17:00-27.3744.65824.61019.4PV8-19330.10OTZ3V00H000000000264316
1849-05-31T17:00-27.6343.201814.61020.7PV8-22330.14ZZW3V000000000264317
1849-06-01T17:00-27.4742.1727222.61022.1PV8-21930.18WNW8/9Z01V03, V000000000264318
1849-06-02T17:00-27.7240.502019.31021.4PV8-24530.16ZW5W00Z01V001000000264319
1849-06-03T17:00-27.3538.451259.31021.4PV8-21530.16ZOTZS013/5V000000000264320
1849-06-04T18:00-27.8536.701324.61020.7PV8-26330.14ZZO3V000000000264321
1849-06-05T18:00-28.9535.68194.61019.4PV8-26330.10NO3V010000000264322
1849-06-06T18:00-29.8233.521919.01020.7PV8-26830.14NO7/8W02, W42W21V031100100264323
1849-06-07T18:00-30.2733.0316526.81022.1PV8-261030.18ZTW9/10W01W26, W20Z011100010264324
1849-06-08T18:00-30.0333.0316526.81020.7PV8-261030.14ZTW9/10Z01V110000000264325
1849-06-09T18:00-30.2233.3815415.41025.5PV8-26730.28ZS018/70000000264326
1849-06-10T18:00-30.3833.47874.61028.9PV8-26330.38OZO3V00H000000000264327
1849-06-11T18:00-31.5832.00186.71026.1PV8-27430.30NO4W420000100264328
1849-06-12T18:00-32.8731.171854.61026.1PV8-29330.30ZWTZ3H000000000264329
1849-06-13T18:00-33.3230.122414.61016.3PV8-29330.01W3V040000000264330
1849-06-14T18:00-34.1028.733549.31011.9PV8-29529.88NNO5W30V000000100264331
1849-06-15T18:00-35.3225.8226322.61011.6PV8-30929.87WNW8/9Z01V00, V040000000264332
1849-06-16T18:00-35.4325.2824026.81012.6PV8-301029.90WZWTW2810W02Z011000000264333
1849-06-17T18:00-36.0023.373081.01011.9PV8-30129.88NNW1Z01V000000000264334
1849-06-18T19:00-35.9222.472416.7PV8-294WZZW 7/8 W10.53/4W30V000000100264335
1849-06-19T18:00-35.1323.2724026.81015.3PV8-301029.98W10W021000000264336
1849-06-20T18:00-34.4823.623611028.217.8PV8-3064.0030.36STILS01V000000000264337
1849-06-21T19:00-34.5322.27614.61022.119.7PV8-29367.5030.18O3V00H000000000264338
1849-06-22T19:00-34.8320.652646.71021.118.9PV8-29466.0030.15WNW4W30, W01Z01 W1000100264339
1849-06-23T19:00-35.6819.882414.61024.818.9PV8-29366.0030.26VAR, W4/3W20Z01V100100000264340
1849-06-24T19:00-36.0518.172411.01029.5PV8-29130.40W1V000000000264341
1849-06-25T19:00-35.6317.801744.61029.520.0PV8-29368.0030.40ZZWS00 W3V000000000264342
1849-06-26T19:00-35.0215.88166.71021.418.9PV8-29466.0030.16NO4V000000000264343
1849-06-27T19:00-33.5813.8519615.41014.6PV8-29729.96ZW8/7Z010000000264344
1849-06-28T19:00-32.5313.681291.0PV8-291ZZO1V000000000264345
1849-06-29T19:00-32.1212.57964.6PV8-283ZOTO3V040000000264346
1849-06-30T19:00-31.0311.571314.6PV8-273ZZO3V000000000264347
1849-07-01T19:00-29.989.681424.6PV8-273ZTO3V04H000000000264348
1849-07-02T19:00-28.388.282216.7PV8-274WZW3/4W00W201100000264349
1849-07-03T19:00-26.827.582436.7PV8-274W4V040000000264350
1849-07-04T19:00-25.637.582214.6PV8-273WZW30000000264351
1849-07-05T20:00-25.177.082672.6PV8-262VAR-WNW2V050000000264352
1849-07-06T20:00-24.856.732899.3PV8-265NW5W20V100100000264353
1849-07-07T20:00-23.305.431776.7PV8-264ZZW4V04H000000000264354
1849-07-08T20:00-21.983.631554.6PV8-253Z3W20V04, V050100000264355
1849-07-09T20:00-20.932.021116.7PV8-244ZO3/4V050000000264356
1849-07-10T20:00-19.820.32896.7PV8-244OZO3/4W00W201100000264357
1849-07-11T20:00-18.82-2.92906.7PV8-234OZO4V050000000264358
1849-07-12T20:00-17.72-3.831016.7PV8-234ZOTO4W00W201100000264359
1849-07-13T20:00-16.50-5.621236.7PV8-234ZOTZ4V040000000264360
1849-07-14T20:00-15.38-7.001016.7PV8-234ZOTO3/4V040000000264361
1849-07-15T21:00-14.60-8.321254.6PV8-213ZOTZ3V040000000264362
1849-07-16T21:00-13.37-9.401254.6PV8-213ZOTZ3V040000000264363
1849-07-17T21:00-12.40-10.851036.7PV8-214ZOTO4V040000000a trivial correction was made in this observation264364
1849-07-18T21:00-10.87-12.351034.6PV8-213ZOTO3V050000000264365
1849-07-19T21:00-9.33-13.851056.7PV8-194ZOTO4V050000000264366
1849-07-20T21:00-7.98-14.921054.6PV8-193ZOTO3V000000000264367
1849-07-21T21:00-7.17-15.23944.6PV8-193OZO3V000000000264368
1849-07-22T21:00-6.22-16.631054.6PV8-193ZOTO3V000000000264369
1849-07-23T21:00-4.88-18.081186.7PV8-174ZOWZW3/4W384V04, V100000000264370
1849-07-24T21:00-3.38-20.681296.7PV8-174ZOTZWTN 1/4 N5340000000264371
1849-07-25T22:00-1.73-23.081096.7PV8-154ZOTO4H000000000264372
1849-07-26T22:001.33-23.071096.7PV8-154ZOTONW 3/4 W5.54V000000000264373
1849-07-27T22:004.13-23.731546.7PV8-154ZTO4V04, V000000000264374
1849-07-28T22:006.83-24.031766.7PV8-154ZTW4V100000000264375
1849-07-29T22:009.13-25.431644.6PV8-163Z3V050000000264376
1849-07-30T22:0010.35-26.202882.6PV8-162NWTW2H000000000264377
1849-07-31T22:0011.35-25.6374.6PV8-163NNO3V04, V100000000264378
1849-08-01T22:0012.18-26.68524.6PV8-163ONO3H000000000264379
1849-08-02T22:0013.60-27.233544.6PV8-173NTO3V040000000264380
1849-08-03T22:0015.18-29.5089.3PV8-155NNO4/5H000000000264381
1849-08-04T22:0016.80-31.42536.7PV8-154ONO4V04H000000000264382
1849-08-05T22:0018.93-33.50546.7PV8-144ONO4V04H000000000264383
1849-08-06T22:0020.65-35.20544.6PV8-143ONO3V040000000264384
1849-08-07T22:0022.83-36.87524.6PV8-163ONO3V000000000264385
1849-08-08T23:0025.27-38.45656.7PV8-144OTN4V000000000264386
1849-08-09T23:0027.67-38.85624.6PV8-173OTN4/30000000264387
1849-08-10T23:0029.77-40.72624.6PV8BIJ AFSTAND ZON EN MAAN 40° 46 W V GREENWICH-173OTN30000000264388
1849-08-11T23:0030.42-40.723439.3PV8-175N3/5W00W20V04, V001100000264389
1849-08-12T23:0030.88-40.90514.6PV8BIJ AFSTAND ZON EN MAAN 41° 2 VAN GREENWICH-173ONO3H000000000264390
1849-08-13T23:0032.62-41.65704.6PV8BIJ AFSTAND ZON EN MAAN 41° 50 VAN GREENWICH-203O3H000000000264391
1849-08-14T23:0034.12-41.35364.6PV8-203NOTO3V040000000264392
1849-08-15T23:0035.75-41.78934.6PV8-203OZO30000000264393
1849-08-16T23:0037.22-40.951494.6PV8-203ZTO3V010000000264394
1849-08-17T23:0038.52-40.551456.7PV8-244ZTO4V040000000264395
1849-08-18T23:0040.95-37.771799.3PV8-245ZZW4/5V04H000000000264396
1849-08-19T22:0042.72-34.531746.71026.8PV8-29430.32ZZW4H000000000264397
1849-08-20T22:0044.28-30.801856.71028.5PV8-29430.37ZWTZ4V050000000264398
1849-08-21T22:0044.87-28.722192.6PV8-292WZW2V040000000264399
1849-08-22T22:0046.18-28.00501.01031.6PV8-29130.46OTN1H100000000264400
1849-08-23T22:0046.43-27.57841.01035.322.8PV8-29173.0030.57OZO1V04H100000000264401
1849-08-24T22:0046.67-27.521741.01034.621.7PV8-29171.0030.55ZZW1V000000000264402
1849-08-25T22:0047.02-26.131971.01034.322.2PV8-28172.0030.54ZW3/1V050000000264403
1849-08-26T22:0047.13-25.122421.0PV8-281WSTIL, 1V050000000264404
1849-08-27T22:0047.48-23.672422.6PV8-282W3/2V040000000264405
1849-08-28T21:0047.62-21.251509.31019.4PV8-30530.10Z4/5V050000000264406
1849-08-29T21:0048.27-16.871414.61016.0PV8-29330.00ZTO3V040000000264407
1849-08-30T21:0048.40-15.353551.01016.0PV8-29130.00NNO1V040000000264408
1849-08-31T21:0048.25-13.633106.7PV8-294NNW3/4W200100000264409
1849-09-01T21:0048.40-12.403611.01000.4PV8-27129.54VAR, STIL1V050000000264410
1849-09-02T21:0048.47-10.2028819.0PV8-278NW8W011000000264411
1849-09-03T20:0049.25-7.005519.0PV8-248OTN5/8V04, V00, V100000000264412
1849-09-04T20:0049.50-6.253364.6PV8-243N3V000000000264413
1849-09-05T20:0049.83-5.23446.7PV8-244ONO4H010000000264414
1849-09-06T20:0049.83-4.20664.61PV8-243O5/3Z01V050000000264415
1849-09-07T20:0050.12-3.45441.01019.41PV8-24130.10ONO5/1Z01V04, V000000000264416
1849-09-08T20:0050.38-3.303611022.81PV8-2430.20STILV000000000264417
1849-09-09T20:0050.35-2.101696.71PV8-224ZTW4V050000000264418
1849-09-10T00:001134.6996.3DOVERNW 1/2 WHET VUURSCHIP VAN SOUTH SANT?HEADNNO 1/2 O1PV8329.42OZO3V040000000264419