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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Van der Palm cruise from Nederland to Batavia started at 1847-10-01 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752630, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -6.950938 * Median Longitude: 13.191042 * South-bound Latitude: -41.400000 * West-bound Longitude: -31.200000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.930000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1847-10-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-01-05T05:00:00
Event(s):
Van_der_Palm_18471001_V_REIS_21_P201-212 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1847-10-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-01-05T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Van Der Palm, Voyage: Nederland - Batavia, 1st Observer: J.J. Muntendam (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
12 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
13 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
14 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
15 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
18 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
19 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
20 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
21 Present weatherwwWeather description
22 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
23 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
24 Cloud typeCloud type
25 ClearnessClearness
26 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
27 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
28 FogFog1 If fog was reported
29 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
30 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
31 HailHail1 If hail was reported
32 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
33 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1884 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
11 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
12 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
13 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
14 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
15 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
18 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
19 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
20 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
21 
ww
(Weather description)
22 
Precip descr
23 
State sea descr
24 
Cloud type
25 
Clearness
26 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
27 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
28 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
29 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
30 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
31 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
32 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
33 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1847-10-01T00:00119.31ANKER OP EN ONDERZEIL.5NNO, NTO5V050000000264103
1847-10-02T20:0050.931.08126.71PV8-224NOTN4V000000000264104
1847-10-03T20:0049.85-3.903629.31PV8-255VAR4/5W20V050100000264105
1847-10-04T20:0048.18-7.021214.61002.416.7PV8-25362.0029.60ZOTZ3W30V050000100264106
1847-10-05T21:0046.62-8.921679.31005.817.2PV8-24563.0029.70ZTWS015W20Z01V10, V000100000264107
1847-10-06T21:0046.32-10.373596.71005.117.2PV8-24463.0029.68NNOS014V04, V100000000264108
1847-10-07T21:0044.38-13.623611015.319.4PV8-2667.0029.98STILW20V00, V04, V050100000264109
1847-10-08T21:0044.47-15.5717719.01005.818.3PV8-26865.0029.70ZZW7/8V040000000264110
1847-10-09T21:0044.75-15.781776.71005.820.0PV8-26468.0029.70ZZW4Z01V04, V00, V010000000264111
1847-10-10T21:0042.83-13.651999.31009.220.0PV8-26568.0029.80ZW5W20V00, V050100000264112
1847-10-11T21:0041.08-10.632039.31043.120.6PV8-23569.0030.80ZW4/5W20Z01 NWV100100000264113
1847-10-12T21:0041.00-11.332379.31018.021.1PV8-23570.0030.06WTZ4/5V100000000264114
1847-10-13T21:0038.00-12.852579.31014.620.0PV8-24568.0029.96WTN4/5W20V100100000264115
1847-10-14T21:0034.85-15.372934.6PV8-223NW3V04H000000000264116
1847-10-15T21:0032.02-16.6021.01019.420.6PV8-21169.0030.10NNO3/1W20V050100000264117
1847-10-16T21:0030.65-17.782724.6PALMAPV8-213WNW3V05, V000000000264118
1847-10-17T21:0029.93-18.57471.0PV8-211ONO1H000000000264119
1847-10-18T21:0029.00-18.5024.6PV8-213NNO3V000000000264120
1847-10-19T21:0027.38-19.8334.6PV8-203NNO, ONO, NNO3V04, V000000000264121
1847-10-20T21:0026.52-20.97481.01019.421.1PV8-20170.0030.10ONO3/1V050000000264122
1847-10-21T21:0025.68-21.202506.71019.421.7PV8-20471.0030.10W3/4V040000000264123
1847-10-22T21:0023.87-20.572056.7PV8-204ZW4V00H000000000264124
1847-10-23T21:0021.38-20.902514.6PV8-193W3V040000000264125
1847-10-24T21:0019.23-20.972852.61019.422.2PV8-19272.0030.10NWTWO2V04H000000000264126
1847-10-25T21:0018.45-21.171051.01019.422.2PV8-19172.0030.10ZOTOO1V00H000000000264127
1847-10-26T21:0017.45-21.873534.61016.022.8PV8-18373.0030.00NTO3V040000000264128
1847-10-27T21:0015.13-22.00164.61018.023.3PV8-18374.0030.06NOTN3V000000000264129
1847-10-28T21:0013.17-22.20162.6PV8-182NOTN2V040000000264130
1847-10-29T21:0011.75-22.253611.0PV8-181NOTN-STILS011OPW L0000000264131
1847-10-30T21:0010.93-22.33271.01019.427.8PV8-18182.0030.10NO1OPW LH000000000264132
1847-10-31T21:0010.42-22.233204.61016.026.1PV8-18379.0030.00NNW3OPW L0000000264133
1847-11-01T21:009.23-22.123621.0PV8-181VAR2/1V05, V100000000264134
1847-11-02T21:008.07-21.921511.0PV8-181ZTO1V07, V030000000264135
1847-11-03T21:007.90-21.833624.6PV8-183VAR3V04, V10H000000000264136
1847-11-04T21:006.67-22.17PV8-17V04H000000000264137
1847-11-05T22:005.95-22.751761.0PV8-151ZTW10000000264138
1847-11-06T22:005.55-22.621544.6PV8-153ZTO3V00H000000000264139
1847-11-07T22:005.23-22.801434.6PV8-153ZZO3V04, V00, V100000000264140
1847-11-08T22:004.05-23.953626.71015.328.3PV8-15483.0029.98VAR5/4W21V04, V050100000264141
1847-11-09T22:002.15-25.421436.7PV8-154ZZO4V04H000000000264142
1847-11-10T22:000.27-27.551346.71012.627.8PV8-12482.0029.90ZOTZ4V000000000264143
1847-11-11T22:00-2.50-29.221239.3PV8-125ZO4/5V00, V04H000000000264144
1847-11-12T22:00-5.77-30.551136.71012.626.7PV8-11480.0029.90ZOTO4V00H000000000264145
1847-11-13T22:00-9.27-30.971136.71016.026.7PV8-11480.0030.00ZOTO4W20V10, V04H000100000264146
1847-11-14T22:00-12.48-31.201026.7PV8-114OZO4V01, V00H000000000264147
1847-11-15T22:00-15.92-31.10919.3PV8-105OTZO4/5V04, V100000000264148
1847-11-16T22:00-19.87-30.57369.3PV8-95NO4/5V04H000000000264149
1847-11-17T22:00-23.52-29.78156.71015.621.1PV8-8470.0029.99NNO4V05H000000000264150
1847-11-18T22:00-26.90-28.483304.6PV8-83NNW3Z01V04, V000000000264151
1847-11-19T22:00-29.50-26.922949.31014.021.1PV8-10570.0029.94NWTW5W00V041000000264152
1847-11-20T22:00-32.03-23.821816.71014.016.7PV8-10462.0029.94ZTW4V04H000000000264153
1847-11-21T21:00-31.97-19.8014519.01019.415.6PV8-13860.0030.10ZZO8H010000000264154
1847-11-22T21:00-30.73-17.7013315.4PV8-137ZOTZ7Z01V10, V000000000264155
1847-11-23T21:00-30.17-15.871309.3PV8-165ZOTZ5V040000000264156
1847-11-24T21:00-30.05-15.55854.6PV8-163OTZ3H000000000264157
1847-11-25T21:00-31.47-15.20189.31017.719.4PV8-16567.0030.05NOTN4/5W00V04H001000000264158
1847-11-26T21:00-34.25-12.202976.71014.320.0PV8-18468.0029.95NW4W20V050100000264159
1847-11-27T21:00-35.27-8.752864.6PV8-183NWTW3V00H000000000264160
1847-11-28T20:00-36.73-6.372726.71017.320.0PV8-21468.0030.04WNW4V01, V03H100000000264161
1847-11-29T20:00-37.67-2.252596.71021.120.0PV8-22468.0030.15WTN4V00, V04H000000000264162
1847-11-30T20:00-38.130.802714.61027.220.0PV8-22368.0030.33WNW3V04, V00H000000000264163
1847-12-01T20:00-38.004.25206.71024.816.7PV8-25462.0030.26NO4V00H000000000264164
1847-12-02T19:00-38.309.532669.31014.615.6PV8-27560.0029.96WNW5V00, V010000000264165
1847-12-03T19:00-38.7014.271859.3PV8-295ZWTZ4/50000000264166
1847-12-04T19:00-39.2518.032966.7PV8-304NWTN5/4V00, V04H000000000264167
1847-12-05T18:00-39.6823.573194.61007.516.7PV8-30362.0029.75NTW4/3V00H000000000264168
1847-12-06T18:00-39.8026.47156.71005.817.8PV8-30464.0029.70NO3/4V050000000264169
1847-12-07T18:00-40.1029.581276.71005.816.7PV8-31462.0029.70ZZO3/4W10V050010000264170
1847-12-08T18:00-39.9831.9226212.31005.816.7PV8-31662.0029.70WNW7/8/6W21V01, V030100000264171
1847-12-09T18:00-39.9536.653186.71014.317.8PV8-31464.0029.95NTW4V00, V05H000000000264172
1847-12-10T17:00-40.1741.153089.31010.2PV8-30529.83NNW5V00H000000000264173
1847-12-11T17:00-40.0346.281741.0PV8-291ZZW1V04H000000000264174
1847-12-12T17:00-39.9248.47404.61014.3PV8-28329.95ONO3V040000000264175
1847-12-13T17:00-40.9251.1029822.6987.2PV8-28929.15NWTN9W02W20Z01V05, V001100000264176
1847-12-14T16:00-41.4055.6024326.8980.1PV8-271028.94W10W02W20Z01V05, V041100000264177
1847-12-15T16:00-41.2760.5824419.0PV8-268W6/8W01W26Z011000010264178
1847-12-16T16:00-40.2864.032454.6PV8-253W3V00H000000000264179
1847-12-17T15:00-38.8567.922466.7PV8-244W4V00H000000000264180
1847-12-18T15:00-38.3872.131111.0PV8-241ZO1V04H000000000264181
1847-12-19T15:00-37.9374.022476.7PV8-234W4V04H000000000264182
1847-12-20T15:00-38.2376.372476.7PV8-234W3/4H100000000264183
1847-12-21T15:00-38.2580.002036.7PV8-224ZW4V05H000000000264184
1847-12-22T14:00-36.4283.981196.7PV8-164ZO4V04H000000000264185
1847-12-23T14:00-35.2086.781194.6PV8-163ZO3V00H000000000264186
1847-12-24T14:00-34.4288.552004.6PV8-143ZWTZ3V04, V05H100000000264187
1847-12-25T14:00-32.8092.051326.7PV8-144ZOTZ4V04H000000000264188
1847-12-26T14:00-30.4794.221596.71020.021.1PV8-10470.0030.12ZTO4V04H000000000264189
1847-12-27T14:00-27.6796.181596.71020.021.7PV8-10471.0030.12ZTO4V04, V050000000264190
1847-12-28T13:00-24.3898.271299.3PV8-65ZO5V04, V100000000264191
1847-12-29T13:00-21.25100.20976.7PV8-44OTZ4V00, V04, V10H000000000264192
1847-12-30T13:00-17.50101.171426.7PV8-44ZOTZ4V04, V10H000000000264193
1847-12-31T13:00-13.88101.77996.7PV8-24ZO, OTZ4V00H000000000264194
1848-01-01T13:00-11.27101.823624.6PV803VAR3V04H000000000264195
1848-01-02T13:00-9.83101.821804.6PV803Z3V00, V040000000264196
1848-01-03T13:00-7.50102.672251.0PV801ZW1W20V100100000264197
1848-01-04T13:00-6.30104.582044.6ST NICOLAASPUNTDWARSPV813ZZW3W20V04, V10, OPSCHONENDE LUCHT0100000264198
1848-01-05T05:00-6.10106.86110000000264199