García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during VALENTINE cruise from Table Bay to Madras started at 1770-03-29 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752596, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -23.813148 * Median Longitude: 63.189444 * South-bound Latitude: -39.430000 * West-bound Longitude: 19.390000 * North-bound Latitude: 4.430000 * East-bound Longitude: 79.660000
Date/Time Start: 1770-03-29T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-05-23T00:00:00
Event(s):
Valentine_17700329_BL_L/MAR/B/452D * Latitude Start: -34.430000 * Longitude Start: 16.950000 * Latitude End: 12.100000 * Longitude End: 80.500000 * Date/Time Start: 1770-03-29T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-05-23T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Valentine, Voyage: Table Bay - Madras, 1st Observer: Charles Purvis (Captain), Company: EIC
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 16 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 17 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 18 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
999 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 ww (Weather description) | 16 Precip descr | 17 State sea descr | 18 Clearness | 19 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 20 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 21 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 22 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 23 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 24 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 25 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1770-03-29T11:00 | -36.03 | 19.39 | 317 | 19.8 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N29W | 32 | S25E | 106.00 | -21 | NW, N, NNW, NW, NNW | FRESH GALES INCREASING | LARGE CONFUSED SEA FROM NW | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263286 | |||
| 1770-03-30T11:00 | -36.23 | 22.39 | 305 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N63W | 80 | S77E | 105.00 | -21 | NWBW, WNW, NWBN | VIOLENT HARD SQUALLS | LARGE CONFUSED SEA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263287 | |||||
| 1770-03-31T10:00 | -37.18 | 23.16 | 270 | 6.7 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N56W | 110 | SEBS | 68.00 | -23 | SW, EBS, E, WNW | MODERATE WINDS | MODERATE WEATHER | SEA ABATED | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263288 | |||
| 1770-04-01T10:00 | -38.87 | 24.26 | 68 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N49W | 144 | S27E | 114.00 | -23 | EBN, ENE, E, EBN, E | SQUALLY | HIGH SEA FROM E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263289 | |||||
| 1770-04-02T10:00 | -39.27 | 25.92 | 57 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N56W | 172 | SEBE1/4E | 91.00 | -23 | NEBE, NEBN, NE, EBN | SQUALLY | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263290 | |||||
| 1770-04-03T10:00 | -39.43 | 28.91 | 21 | 22.6 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N64W | 218 | S87E | 140.00 | -24 | NEBN, NNE, NBE, NE | STRONG GALES WITH FREQUENT HARD SQUALLS | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | RAIN | LARGE SEA FROM NE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 263291 | ||
| 1770-04-04T10:00 | -38.83 | 30.12 | 362 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N69W | 239 | N58E | 67.00 | -24 | SW, SBW, ESE, ENE, VARIABLE | VARIABLE | THICK HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263292 | |||||
| 1770-04-05T10:00 | -38.28 | 30.94 | 77 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N73W | 256 | N49E | 51.00 | -24 | SE, SBE, SSE, WNW, EBS | LARGE SWELL FROM E | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263293 | |||||
| 1770-04-06T10:00 | -38.50 | 32.87 | 244 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N73W | 286 | S82E | 91.00 | -26 | NW, N, NWBW, W | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263294 | ||||||
| 1770-04-07T10:00 | -39.03 | 34.19 | 278 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N72W | 306 | S70E | 65.00 | -26 | SSE, EBN, NWBW | FIRST PART CALM | LATTER SMALL RAIN | CLOUDY AND HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263295 | ||||
| 1770-04-08T10:00 | -39.03 | 37.24 | 42 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N73W | 354 | E | 142.00 | -26 | NE, NEBN, ENE | FIRST PART SMALL RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263296 | |||||
| 1770-04-09T09:00 | -39.07 | 40.74 | 7 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N75W | 407 | S87E | 164.00 | -27 | NNE, NEBN | FAIR, LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263297 | ||||||
| 1770-04-10T09:00 | -39.08 | 44.22 | 356 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N77W | 476 | E | 162.00 | -27 | NNE | FIRST PART SQUALLY | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263298 | |||||
| 1770-04-11T09:00 | -38.93 | 47.09 | 344 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N79W | 532 | N88E | 133.00 | -27 | NEBN, NNE, NBE | SOUTHERLY | LATTER RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263299 | ||||
| 1770-04-12T09:00 | -39.05 | 50.29 | 7 | 26.8 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | WBN | 595 | E1/4S | 149.00 | -27 | NNE, WNW, NEBN | HARD GALES WITH SOME VIOLENT SQUALLS | SOME SQUALLS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263300 | ||||
| 1770-04-13T09:00 | -39.05 | 52.37 | 243 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | WBN | 636 | E | 97.00 | -27 | SBW, NE, N, W | MIDDLE CALM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263301 | |||||
| 1770-04-14T08:00 | -38.90 | 56.22 | 334 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N79W | 710 | N86E | 180.00 | -26 | WNW, N, NWBW, N | MIDDLE RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263302 | |||||
| 1770-04-15T08:00 | -38.82 | 59.57 | 279 | 19.0 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | W10N | 777 | N88E | 156.00 | -25 | WBS, W, NNE, NWBW | FRESH GALES WITH SOME HARD SQUALLS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263303 | |||||
| 1770-04-16T08:00 | -37.62 | 61.99 | 335 | 22.6 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N81W | 825 | N57E | 136.00 | -25 | WNW, WBS, SWBW, N | STRONG GALES WITH VIOLENT SQUALLS | LARGE CONFUSED SEA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263304 | ||||
| 1770-04-17T08:00 | -37.45 | 63.14 | 183 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N82W | 847 | N87E | 56.00 | -20 | SBE, NEBN, NNE, SSW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263305 | ||||||
| 1770-04-18T08:00 | -37.22 | 65.86 | 3 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N85W | 901 | E | 130.00 | -20 | NWBN, NW, WNW, NNE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263306 | ||||||
| 1770-04-19T07:00 | -37.30 | 67.87 | 275 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N85W | 941 | E | 97.00 | -18 | NW, NNW, WNW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263307 | ||||||
| 1770-04-20T07:00 | -37.42 | 71.07 | 320 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N85W | 1005 | S88E | 153.00 | -18 | N, NNW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263308 | ||||||
| 1770-04-21T07:00 | -36.80 | 74.22 | 343 | 22.6 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | N87W | 1068 | N75E | 157.00 | -17 | NBE, WNW, WBN, N | STRONG GALES | VERY HEAVY SEA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263309 | ||||
| 1770-04-22T07:00 | -34.22 | 74.52 | 287 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | W2S | 1075 | N6E | 154.00 | -17 | W, SW, SSW, NWBW | SQUALLY | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263310 | |||||
| 1770-04-23T07:00 | -32.97 | 74.71 | 186 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | W3S | 1077 | N8E | 64.00 | -17 | S, SSW | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263311 | ||||||
| 1770-04-24T07:00 | -31.90 | 74.91 | 191 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | W3S | 948 | NBE | 54.00 | -12 | NWBW, NWBN, WSW, SSW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263312 | ||||||
| 1770-04-25T07:00 | -29.30 | 75.41 | 281 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S84W | 969 | NBE | 132.00 | -12 | W, WSW, SSW, WNW | CLOUDY AND HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263313 | ||||||
| 1770-04-26T07:00 | -27.37 | 75.89 | 194 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S81W | 949 | N12E | 119.00 | -9 | SBE, SSE, SSW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263314 | ||||||
| 1770-04-27T07:00 | -24.82 | 76.51 | 194 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S79W | 1023 | N13E | 150.00 | -9 | W, SSW, SSW | FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263315 | ||||||
| 1770-04-28T07:00 | -22.10 | 77.14 | 197 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S77W | 1063 | NBE1/2E | 172.00 | -6 | S, SSE, SE, SSW | MIDDLE SQUALLY | LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263316 | |||||
| 1770-04-29T07:00 | -18.88 | 77.86 | 141 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S73W | 1084 | N12E | 193.00 | -5 | SEBE, SEBS | SQUALLY | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263317 | |||||
| 1770-04-30T07:00 | -16.63 | 78.04 | 121 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S71W | 1129 | N5E | 136.00 | -3 | EBS, E, NEBE, NE, SEBE | VARIABLE AND SQUALLY | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263318 | |||||
| 1770-05-01T07:00 | -15.90 | 78.09 | 20 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S71W | 1137 | N9E | 22.00 | -3 | NEBN, NBE, N, NNE | LATTER SQUALLY | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263319 | |||||
| 1770-05-02T07:00 | -15.55 | 78.29 | 357 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S71W | 1142 | N58E | 15.00 | -3 | NBW, NNW, NBW, N | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263320 | ||||||
| 1770-05-03T07:00 | -14.58 | 78.29 | 98 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S73W | 1151 | N | 55.00 | -3 | E, ENE, EBN, EBS | FIRST PART CALM | RAIN AT TIMES | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263321 | ||||
| 1770-05-04T07:00 | -13.22 | 78.39 | 87 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S69W | 1166 | N4E | 85.00 | -3 | EBS, E, E | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263322 | ||||||
| 1770-05-05T07:00 | -11.80 | 78.61 | 78 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S67W | 1201 | N3/4E | 89.00 | -1 | EBS, EBN, EBN | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263323 | ||||||
| 1770-05-06T07:00 | -9.78 | 78.91 | 67 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S66W | 1219 | N3/4E | 123.00 | -1 | EBN, EBS, ENE | LATTER SQUALLY | RAIN AT TIMES | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263324 | ||||
| 1770-05-07T07:00 | -7.93 | 79.34 | 112 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S65W | 1241 | NBE | 133.00 | -1 | ESE | MIDDLE SQUALLY | MIDDLE RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263325 | ||||
| 1770-05-08T07:00 | -7.18 | 79.47 | 101 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S64W | 1251 | NBE | 43.00 | 0 | SEBE, EBS | LATTER RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263326 | |||||
| 1770-05-09T07:00 | -6.15 | 79.49 | 135 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S63W | 1263 | N1E | 61.00 | 0 | EBN, SE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263327 | ||||||
| 1770-05-10T07:00 | -5.77 | 79.42 | 362 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S63W | 1268 | N10W | 22.00 | 0 | SSE, SE, NWBN, VARIABLE | LATTER RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263328 | |||||
| 1770-05-11T07:00 | -5.25 | 79.36 | 158 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S63W | 1271 | N | 23.00 | 0 | SWBS, SSE | FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE VARIABLE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263329 | |||||
| 1770-05-12T07:00 | -5.05 | 79.42 | 191 | 0.0 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S63W | 1274 | N | 12.00 | 0 | SBW | MOSTLY CALM | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263330 | ||||
| 1770-05-13T07:00 | -4.78 | 79.42 | 293 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S62W | 1277 | N | 21.00 | 0 | SEBS, WNW | FIRST PART CALM | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263331 | |||||
| 1770-05-14T07:00 | -3.95 | 79.42 | 158 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S62W | 1287 | N | 51.00 | 0 | SSE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263332 | ||||||
| 1770-05-15T07:00 | -3.35 | 79.42 | 135 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S61W | 1295 | N | 40.00 | 0 | E, SE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263333 | ||||||
| 1770-05-16T07:00 | -2.65 | 79.56 | 191 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S61W | 1306 | NBE | 43.00 | 0 | SBW | VARIABLE AND CALM | FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263334 | |||||
| 1770-05-17T07:00 | -2.07 | 79.66 | 113 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S61W | 1312 | NBE | 30.00 | 0 | VARIABLE, EBS, EBN, ESE | VARIABLE AND CALM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263335 | ||||||
| 1770-05-18T07:00 | -1.62 | 79.66 | 362 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S60W | 1317 | N | 26.00 | 0 | WNW, NWBW, VARIABLE | VARIABLE AND CALM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263336 | |||||
| 1770-05-19T07:00 | -0.10 | 79.66 | 270 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S59W | 1337 | N | 99.00 | 0 | WNW, W | MIDDLE SQUALLY | MIDDLE RAIN | FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263337 | ||||
| 1770-05-20T07:00 | 1.92 | 79.66 | 236 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S58W | 1359 | N | 136.00 | 0 | SWBS, SWBW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263338 | ||||||
| 1770-05-21T07:00 | 4.43 | 79.66 | 225 | CAPE GOOD HOPE | S56W | 1391 | N | 164.00 | 0 | SW | LATTER SQUALLY | LIGHTNING AT 8PM | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 263339 | ||||
| 1770-05-22T00:00 | 6.40 | 293 | CHIMEY HILL, CEYLON | NW | 6 | W, WBS, WNW | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263340 | ||||||||||
| 1770-05-23T00:00 | 7.75 | 225 | FRYERS HOOD | SW1/2W | 7 | SSW, SW, SW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263341 |