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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during UNKNOWN-11 cruise from Rotterdam to Java started at 1843-04-18 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752588, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -10.708020 * Median Longitude: 14.368812 * South-bound Latitude: -39.670000 * West-bound Longitude: -31.680000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.870000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.530000
Date/Time Start: 1843-04-18T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1843-07-28T05:00:00
Event(s):
Unknown-11_18430418_G_15-16_P240-261 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -7.500000 * Longitude End: 101.850000 * Date/Time Start: 1843-04-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1843-07-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Voyage: Rotterdam - Java, 1st Observer: D. Hofker (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
12 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
13 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
17 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 CommentComment
27 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2193 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
12 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
13 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
14 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
17 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
Comment
27 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1843-04-18T12:0049.87-3.231102.61VM8Z 6 1/2 W22.25-252ZO20000000262659
1843-04-19T12:0049.37-5.752004.6984.514.2VM8Z 6 1/3 W21.75-25357.5029.07ZW30000000262660
1843-04-20T12:0049.00-5.551789.3984.812.8VM8N 7 1/3 W7.75-25555.0029.08ZZW50000000262661
1843-04-21T12:0047.95-6.922456.71016.312.8VM8Z 3/4 W17.50-25455.0030.01W40000000262662
1843-04-22T13:0046.18-7.5522312.3VM8Z 2/3 W26.00-256WZW60000000262663
1843-04-23T13:0044.38-7.732236.71038.713.9VM8-25457.0030.67WZW40000000262664
1843-04-24T12:0044.45-7.1329226.81019.412.8VM8N 2 3/4 O6.00-231055.0030.10NW100000000262665
1843-04-25T13:0042.83-10.322909.31017.013.3VM8Z 4 3/4 W30.00-25556.0030.03NW50000000262666
1843-04-26T13:0040.48-12.503156.71016.314.4VM8Z 6 3/4 W42.25-23458.0030.01NNW40000000262667
1843-04-27T13:0038.30-13.603144.61019.415.0VM8Z 2 1/2 W4.75-24359.0030.10NNW30000000262668
1843-04-28T13:0036.02-15.252939.31017.715.6VM8Z 2 1/4 W33.75-22560.0030.05NW50000000262669
1843-04-29T13:0033.58-15.43234.6985.216.7VM8Z 1 1/4 W33.50-22362.0029.09NO30000000262670
1843-04-30T13:0030.98-17.182724.6985.217.8VM8Z 2 1/4 W38.00-21364.0029.09WNW30000000262671
1843-05-01T13:0029.50-17.752944.6985.218.9VM8Z 1 7/8 W20.00-21366.0029.09NW30000000262672
1843-05-02T13:0029.02-17.883390.01014.319.4VM8Z 1/3 W5.00-21067.0029.95N00000000262673
1843-05-03T13:0028.62-18.971822.6985.220.0VM8Z 5/8 W13.50-21268.0029.09ZZW20000000262674
1843-05-04T13:0027.43-17.822054.6985.222.2VM8-20372.0029.09ZW30000000262675
1843-05-05T13:0026.62-17.982282.61016.023.3VM8Z 1 1/8 W12.50-20274.0030.00WZW20000000262676
1843-05-06T13:0024.37-19.032732.61014.322.2VM8Z 2 1/8 W48.00-20272.0029.95WNW20000000262677
1843-05-07T13:0022.03-20.333419.3VM8Z 2 1/2 W40.25-195N50000000262678
1843-05-08T13:0018.87-21.5349.31016.022.2VM8Z 1 3/8 W49.00-19572.0030.00NNO50000000262679
1843-05-09T13:0015.43-22.2059.3VM8Z 2/3 W53.75-185NNO50000000262680
1843-05-10T13:0012.42-22.033549.31013.624.4VM8Z 1/2 O43.75-17576.0029.93NTO50000000262681
1843-05-11T13:0011.08-22.003542.61016.026.1VM8Z 5/8 O13.25-17279.0030.00NTO20000000262682
1843-05-12T13:009.53-21.923099.31015.326.7VM8Z 3/4 O24.00-17580.0029.98NWTN50000000262683
1843-05-13T13:007.70-21.553431.0983.128.3VM8Z 1 1/3 O23.00-17183.0029.03N10000000262684
1843-05-14T13:005.95-21.0369.3985.227.8VM8Z 1 1/2 O28.00-17582.0029.09NNO50000000262685
1843-05-15T13:005.73-21.201860.0985.227.2VM8Z 5 W6.00-17081.0029.09ZZW00000000262686
1843-05-16T13:005.03-21.171861.0985.227.2VM8Z 1/4 O10.25-17181.0029.09ZZW10000000262687
1843-05-17T13:004.67-21.183431.01014.627.2VM8Z 2/3 O6.00-17181.0029.96N10000000262688
1843-05-18T13:003.62-21.002081.01012.927.2VM8Z 1/8 O15.75-17181.0029.91ZW10000000262689
1843-05-19T13:003.78-18.680.0985.227.8VM8Z 4 1/4 W1.00-1782.0029.09STIL0000000262690
1843-05-20T13:003.07-18.931181.01012.627.8VM8Z 2 1/2 W11.75-17182.0029.90ZO10000000262691
1843-05-21T13:001.58-20.981189.31014.028.9VM8Z 4 1/8 W33.00-17584.0029.94ZO50000000262692
1843-05-22T14:00-0.35-23.221444.6985.228.3VM8Z 3 3/4 W42.00-14383.0029.09ZZO30000000262693
1843-05-23T14:00-2.18-24.651104.6985.228.9VM8Z 1 1/8 W33.75-14384.0029.09ZOTO30000000262694
1843-05-24T14:00-4.48-25.921104.61016.029.4VM8Z 2 1/2 W37.00-14385.0030.00ZOTO30000000262695
1843-05-25T14:00-6.92-27.151212.61012.328.9VM8Z 2 2/3 W39.50-14284.0029.89ZO20000000262696
1843-05-26T14:00-9.00-28.751149.3985.228.9VM8Z 2 1/2 W48.50-10584.0029.09ZOTO50000000262697
1843-05-27T14:00-12.40-30.3012512.31016.027.8VM8Z 2 3/4 W46.50-10682.0030.00ZO60000000262698
1843-05-28T14:00-14.75-30.701042.61016.027.8VM8Z 7/8 W37.00-9282.0030.00OZO20000000262699
1843-05-29T14:00-16.63-30.471049.31017.028.3VM8Z 1/2 O29.75-9583.0030.03OZO50000000262700
1843-05-30T14:00-17.68-31.680.01019.427.8VM8Z 1 O18.50-9082.0030.10STIL0000000262701
1843-05-31T14:00-20.18-29.47361.01016.027.2VM8Z 7/8 O39.00-9181.0030.00NO10000000262702
1843-06-01T14:00-23.33-26.4033812.31016.026.1VM8Z 3 1/2 O52.00-11679.0030.00NTW60000000262703
1843-06-02T14:00-24.32-25.402146.71016.021.1VM8-11470.0030.00ZW40000000262704
1843-06-03T14:00-24.52-24.021926.71016.323.3VM8Z 7 O22.25-11474.0030.01ZZW40000000262705
1843-06-04T13:00-24.72-21.971774.61016.321.7VM8Z 7 1/2 O27.75-14371.0030.01ZTW30000000a trivial correction was made in this observation262706
1843-06-05T13:00-24.47-19.9814412.31016.722.8VM8N 7 1/2 O27.25-14673.0030.02ZZO60000000262707
1843-06-06T13:00-25.97-20.481219.31033.621.7VM8Z 2 3/8 W28.00-14571.0030.52ZO50000000262708
1843-06-07T13:00-27.65-20.68662.61016.322.2VM8Z 2 1/8 O27.25-13272.0030.01OTN20000000262709
1843-06-08T13:00-30.15-16.623449.31016.023.3VM8Z 4 1/8 O56.25-16574.0030.00N50000000262710
1843-06-09T13:00-31.40-13.2832212.31022.822.2VM85 2/3 O43.00-16672.0030.20NNW60000000262711
1843-06-10T13:00-30.80-13.0714212.3VM8Z 4 1/8 O13.00-166ZZO60000000262712
1843-06-11T13:00-30.92-11.2811612.31017.020.6VM8Z 7 1/2 O14.25-19669.0030.03ZO60000000262713
1843-06-12T13:00-33.02-10.0259.31016.318.3VM8Z 2 2/3 O37.00-18565.0030.01NNO50000000262714
1843-06-13T12:00-34.62-6.3534012.31016.320.0VM8Z 5 1/8 O55.50-20668.0030.01N60000000262715
1843-06-14T12:00-35.67-2.2530312.31017.719.4VM8Z 6 1/2 O53.00-23667.0030.05NWTN60000000262716
1843-06-15T12:00-36.08-1.2718012.31032.614.4VM8Z 7 1/4 O43.00-23658.0030.49ZZW60000000262717
1843-06-16T12:00-35.282.6216626.81017.012.8VM8N 4 7/8 O19.50-251055.0030.03ZTW100000000262718
1843-06-17T12:00-35.472.671102.61016.715.0VM8Z 7/8 O3.25-25259.0030.02ZO20000000262719
1843-06-18T12:00-36.025.622451.01016.015.0VM8Z 6 1/4 O29.50-25159.0030.00W10000000262720
1843-06-19T11:00-37.259.052219.31010.915.6VM8Z 5 1/3 O46.00-27560.0029.85WZW50000000262721
1843-06-20T11:00-38.1713.0022022.61009.216.1VM8Z 5 7/8 O49.00-28961.0029.80WZW90000000262722
1843-06-21T11:00-38.7015.371972.61010.214.4VM8Z 6 O35.25-28258.0029.83ZW20000000262723
1843-06-22T11:00-39.6720.5027530.9992.314.4VM8Z 6 1/3 O64.00-291158.0029.30NWTW110000000262724
1843-06-23T11:00-39.1522.0521935.0999.114.4VM8N 3 1/8 O19.75-291258.0029.50WZW120000000262725
1843-06-24T10:00-39.1223.6325130.91005.816.7VM8N 7 O49.25-301162.0029.70WTN110000000262726
1843-06-25T10:00-38.7728.4030712.3VM8N 7 1/2 O48.50-316NNW60000000262727
1843-06-26T10:00-38.5533.6733012.31002.417.2VM8N 7 3/4 O50.50-31663.0029.60N60000000262728
1843-06-27T10:00-38.2836.6719512.31009.216.1VM8N 7 1/2 O35.50-31661.0029.80ZW60000000262729
1843-06-28T09:00-36.9540.3311930.91022.813.1VM8N 5 1/8 O34.25-271155.5030.20ZOTZ110000000262730
1843-06-29T09:00-35.6342.15976.71030.913.9VM8N 4 1/8 O30.50-27457.0030.44ZOTO40000000262731
1843-06-30T09:00-35.0541.75632.6VM8N 1 1/8 O7.25-272O20000000262732
1843-07-01T09:00-35.8344.55641.0VM8Z 3 1/2 O15.00-261O10000000262733
1843-07-02T09:00-36.4345.4889.31022.817.5VM8Z 6 3/4 O36.50-26563.5030.20NOTN50000000262734
1843-07-03T09:00-36.5850.103149.31019.418.3VM8N 7 1/2 O50.25-24565.0030.10NNW50000000262735
1843-07-04T08:00-36.3853.881579.31027.813.9VM8N 7 2/3 O48.00-23557.0030.35Z50000000262736
1843-07-05T08:00-36.1758.271599.31028.916.7VM8N 7 1/2 O53.75-21562.0030.38Z50000000262737
1843-07-06T08:00-35.2761.2315912.31047.814.7VM8N 6 1/2 O40.50-21658.5030.94Z60000000262738
1843-07-07T08:00-34.7262.67816.71032.914.4VM8N 2 7/8 O10.00-20458.0030.50OTZ40000000262739
1843-07-08T08:00-34.8862.173621.01026.115.0VM8Z 6 1/8 O9.25-21159.0030.30VARIABEL10000000262740
1843-07-09T08:00-35.5865.933189.31036.316.1VM8Z 7 1/3 O52.50-20561.0030.60NNW50000000262741
1843-07-10T07:00-35.7069.472859.31024.515.0VM8O43.50-19559.0030.25NWTW50000000262742
1843-07-11T07:00-35.8272.571859.31026.114.2VM8N 7 1/2 O33.50-18557.5030.30ZZW50000000262743
1843-07-12T07:00-35.9275.802309.31022.815.0VM8O36.75-18559.0030.20WZW50000000262744
1843-07-13T07:00-35.9079.652544.61009.215.8VM8N 7 1/3 O51.00-16360.5029.80W30000000262745
1843-07-14T06:00-35.4883.302336.71014.313.9VM8N 7 1/2 O48.00-15457.0029.95WZW40000000262746
1843-07-15T06:00-35.0386.982446.71026.114.2VM8N 7 1/2 O47.25-15457.5030.30WTZ40000000262747
1843-07-16T06:00-34.7088.922560.01024.514.4VM8N 7 1/2 O23.00-14058.0030.25W00000000262748
1843-07-17T06:00-34.0093.0832512.31016.015.3VM8N 6 3/4 O50.75-13659.5030.00NNW60000000262749
1843-07-18T06:00-32.9896.9232519.01006.511.1VM8N 6 1/2 O50.50-13852.0029.72NNW80000000262750
1843-07-19T05:00-30.9399.9021722.61032.913.6VM8N 4 2/3 O51.50-8956.5030.50ZW90000000262751
1843-07-20T05:00-28.72101.552282.61019.415.6VM8N 3 O40.75-8260.0030.10ZWTW20000000262752
1843-07-21T05:00-27.27102.521531.01019.415.8VM8N 3 1/4 O25.25-5160.5030.10ZZO10000000262753
1843-07-22T05:00-25.83103.272201.01021.116.9VM8N 1 2/3 O-5162.5030.15ZW10000000262754
1843-07-23T05:00-22.65103.981084.6VM8N 1 1/3 O49.75-53OZO30000000262755
1843-07-24T05:00-19.22104.4311012.31034.622.2VM8N 1/2 O54.50-3672.0030.55OZO60000000262756
1843-07-25T05:00-16.17104.878822.61014.324.2VM8N 1/4 O46.50-2975.5029.95O90000000262757
1843-07-26T00:00-13.4210122.61012.625.0VM8N 1/3 O977.0029.90OTZ90000000262758
1843-07-27T05:00-10.42105.4310122.61015.6VM8N 1/4 O44.000929.99OTZ90000000262759
1843-07-28T05:00-8.10105.53909.31010.927.5VM8N 1/8 O0581.5029.85O50000000262760