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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during UNKNOWN-10 cruise from Java to Rotterdam started at 1849-09-22 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752587, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -0.134190 * Median Longitude: 11.111143 * South-bound Latitude: -35.530000 * West-bound Longitude: -34.280000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.270000 * East-bound Longitude: 101.850000
Date/Time Start: 1849-09-22T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1850-01-04T12:00:00
Event(s):
Unknown-10_18490922_G_REIS_N51_P220-238 * Latitude Start: -7.500000 * Longitude Start: 101.850000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1849-09-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1850-01-04T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Voyage: Java - Rotterdam
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
18 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
19 FogFog1 If fog was reported
20 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
21 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
22 HailHail1 If hail was reported
23 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
24 CommentComment
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2080 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
15 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
18 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
19 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
20 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
21 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
22 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
23 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
24 
Comment
25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1849-09-22T05:00-7.50101.8513512.31019.428.9VM80684.0030.10ZO60000000262554
1849-09-23T05:00-8.9899.0813512.31019.429.4VM80685.0030.10ZO60000000262555
1849-09-24T06:00-10.2895.9513412.31043.128.9VM8-1684.0030.80ZO60000000262556
1849-09-25T06:00-11.4293.3713412.31043.128.3VM8-1683.0030.80ZO60000000262557
1849-09-26T06:00-12.6790.3513212.31019.426.7VM8-3680.0030.10ZO60000000262558
1849-09-27T06:00-13.1587.2513212.31021.126.1VM8-3679.0030.15ZO60000000262559
1849-09-28T06:00-15.6284.421329.31022.826.7VM8-3580.0030.20ZO50000000262560
1849-09-29T07:00-16.5580.9513112.31021.426.7VM8-4680.0030.16ZO60000000262561
1849-09-30T07:00-17.7577.921299.31021.424.4VM8-6576.0030.16ZO50000000262562
1849-10-01T07:00-19.2775.221289.31025.123.9VM8-7575.0030.27ZO50000000262563
1849-10-02T07:00-20.6372.631289.31024.524.4VM8-7576.0030.25ZO50000000262564
1849-10-03T07:00-20.6271.381272.61022.823.3VM8-8274.0030.20ZO20000000262565
1849-10-04T07:00-20.6570.221721.01022.821.7VM8-8171.0030.20Z10000000a trivial correction was made in this observation262566
1849-10-05T07:00-21.0768.451722.61022.825.6VM8-8278.0030.20Z20000000262567
1849-10-06T08:00-21.8066.021049.31026.122.2VM8-9572.0030.30OZO50000000262568
1849-10-07T08:00-22.5862.921019.31026.122.2VM8-12572.0030.30OZO50000000262569
1849-10-08T08:00-23.2061.73772.61026.123.3VM8-13274.0030.30O20000000262570
1849-10-09T08:00-23.6260.97771.01026.122.8VM8-13173.0030.30O10000000262571
1849-10-10T08:00-24.1359.45772.61027.526.1VM8-13279.0030.34O20000000262572
1849-10-11T08:00-24.6357.95779.31027.526.7VM8-13580.0030.34O50000000262573
1849-10-12T08:00-25.9055.703012.31025.528.9VM8-15684.0030.28NO60000000262574
1849-10-13T08:00-26.4254.5730015.41024.821.1VM8-15770.0030.26NW70000000262575
1849-10-14T09:00-26.5351.631299.31030.221.7VM8-17571.0030.42ZOTZ50000000a trivial correction was made in this observation262576
1849-10-15T09:00-27.7348.60929.31031.225.6VM8-21578.0030.45OZO50000000262577
1849-10-16T09:00-28.6545.62579.31026.125.6VM8-22578.0030.30OTN50000000262578
1849-10-17T09:00-29.2842.75579.31027.825.6VM8-22578.0030.35OTN50000000262579
1849-10-18T09:00-30.0239.80559.31027.825.6VM8-24578.0030.35OTN50000000262580
1849-10-19T10:00-30.8237.15429.31028.225.0VM8-26577.0030.36ONO50000000262581
1849-10-20T10:00-31.1035.873340.01022.823.3VM8-26074.0030.20N00000000262582
1849-10-21T10:00-31.3234.680.01026.125.6VM8-2678.0030.30STIL0000000262583
1849-10-22T10:00-32.6231.8010612.31020.720.0VM8-29668.0030.14ZO60000000262584
1849-10-23T10:00-33.5030.878419.01016.025.6VM8-29878.0030.00OZO80000000262585
1849-10-24T10:00-33.6330.3819626.81032.923.9VM8-291075.0030.50ZW100000000262586
1849-10-25T10:00-33.6329.301291.01029.523.9VM8-29175.0030.40ZZO10000000262587
1849-10-26T10:00-34.9526.30609.31026.125.0VM8-30577.0030.30O50000000262588
1849-10-27T10:00-34.8223.00382.61026.122.2VM8-30272.0030.30ONO20000000262589
1849-10-28T11:00-34.9821.371069.31022.822.2VM8-29572.0030.20ZO50000000262590
1849-10-29T11:00-35.5318.1312919.01022.822.2VM8-29872.0030.20ZZO80000000262591
1849-10-30T11:00-34.9013.821294.61022.821.1VM8-29370.0030.20ZZO30000000262592
1849-10-31T11:00-31.6711.0513119.01022.820.0VM8-27868.0030.20ZZO80000000262593
1849-11-01T11:00-29.578.381314.61022.821.1VM8-27370.0030.20ZZO30000000262594
1849-11-02T12:00-28.026.251329.3VM8-265ZZO50000000262595
1849-11-03T12:00-26.534.321092.61029.521.1VM8-26270.0030.40ZO20000000262596
1849-11-04T12:00-24.982.581092.61026.121.7VM8-26271.0030.30ZO20000000262597
1849-11-05T12:00-23.721.171102.6VM8-252ZO20000000262598
1849-11-06T12:00-22.320.871112.61026.122.2VM8-24272.0030.30ZO20000000262599
1849-11-07T12:00-21.05-1.251112.61026.123.3VM8-24274.0030.30ZO20000000262600
1849-11-08T12:00-19.43-3.229012.31022.820.0VM8-23668.0030.20OZO60000000262601
1849-11-09T12:00-16.48-5.47902.61022.823.3VM8-23274.0030.20OZO20000000262602
1849-11-10T12:00-16.48-5.479012.31022.823.3VM8-23674.0030.20OZO60000000262603
1849-11-11T12:00-15.27-6.53902.61026.122.2VM8-23272.0030.30OZO20000000262604
1849-11-12T13:00-14.17-8.07922.61026.125.6VM8-21278.0030.30OZO20000000262605
1849-11-13T13:00-13.03-9.18922.61022.825.6VM8-21278.0030.20OZO20000000262606
1849-11-14T13:00-11.82-10.72922.61022.825.6VM8-21278.0030.20OZO20000000262607
1849-11-15T13:00-10.80-11.121142.61019.426.7VM8-21280.0030.10ZO20000000262608
1849-11-16T13:00-9.67-12.981162.61019.426.7VM8-19280.0030.10ZO20000000262609
1849-11-17T13:00-8.63-14.271162.61021.126.7VM8-19280.0030.15ZO20000000262610
1849-11-18T13:00-7.10-15.4511612.31021.127.2VM8-19681.0030.15ZO60000000262611
1849-11-19T13:00-5.40-17.3311612.31016.027.8VM8-19682.0030.00ZO60000000262612
1849-11-20T13:00-3.88-18.021182.61016.028.9VM8-17284.0030.00ZO20000000262613
1849-11-21T13:00-2.20-18.721419.31016.026.7VM8-17580.0030.00ZZO50000000262614
1849-11-22T13:00-0.83-20.701419.31016.028.9VM8-17584.0030.00ZZO50000000262615
1849-11-23T13:001.08-21.281529.31016.027.8VM8-17582.0030.00ZTO50000000a trivial correction was made in this observation262616
1849-11-24T13:002.60-21.901522.61016.028.3VM8-17283.0030.00ZTO20000000262617
1849-11-25T13:004.07-22.221181.01016.028.9VM8-17184.0030.00ZO10000000262618
1849-11-26T13:004.93-22.17731.01016.027.8VM8-17182.0030.00O10000000262619
1849-11-27T13:005.90-22.280.01016.028.9VM8-1784.0030.00STIL0000000262620
1849-11-28T13:006.27-22.280.01016.028.9VM8-1784.0030.00STIL0000000262621
1849-11-29T14:006.87-22.500.01036.326.7VM8-1780.0030.60STIL0000000262622
1849-11-30T14:007.40-23.70301.01036.327.8VM8-15182.0030.60NO10000000262623
1849-12-01T14:008.65-24.87742.61016.027.2VM8-16281.0030.00O20000000262624
1849-12-02T14:0010.13-25.53299.31016.026.7VM8-16580.0030.00NO50000000262625
1849-12-03T14:0012.60-26.887315.41016.026.7VM8-17780.0030.00O70000000262626
1849-12-04T14:0014.72-29.10309.31016.026.1VM8-15579.0030.00NO50000000262627
1849-12-05T14:0017.13-31.233012.31036.325.6VM8-15678.0030.60NO60000000262628
1849-12-06T14:0019.93-32.037312.31019.425.6VM8-17678.0030.10O60000000262629
1849-12-07T14:0022.53-33.33749.31022.825.6VM8-16578.0030.20O50000000262630
1849-12-08T14:0025.05-34.23749.31024.525.6VM8-16578.0030.25O50000000262631
1849-12-09T14:0026.92-34.28979.31026.125.6VM8-16578.0030.30OZO50000000262632
1849-12-10T14:0028.03-33.731841.01024.525.0VM8-19177.0030.25ZZW10000000262633
1849-12-11T14:0029.12-32.320.01022.822.2VM8-2072.0030.20STIL0000000262634
1849-12-12T14:0029.12-32.323182.61022.822.2VM8-20272.0030.20NNW20000000262635
1849-12-13T14:0031.10-31.702952.61019.423.3VM8-20274.0030.10NW20000000262636
1849-12-14T14:0033.08-29.7721412.31022.821.1VM8-22670.0030.20ZWTW60000000262637
1849-12-15T14:0034.15-28.982032.61022.821.1VM8-22270.0030.20ZW20000000262638
1849-12-16T14:0035.25-27.872934.61026.122.2VM8-22372.0030.30NW30000000262639
1849-12-17T14:0036.00-25.932479.31021.120.0VM8-23568.0030.15W50000000262640
1849-12-18T14:0037.15-23.3818015.41026.117.2VM8-23763.0030.30ZZW70000000262641
1849-12-19T13:0039.70-21.1020019.01019.420.0VM8-25868.0030.10ZW80000000262642
1849-12-20T13:0041.77-19.1517812.31022.819.4VM8-25667.0030.20ZZW60000000262643
1849-12-21T13:0043.93-17.051209.31022.815.6VM8-26560.0030.20ZOTZ50000000262644
1849-12-22T13:0045.98-15.6310912.31032.912.2VM8-26654.0030.50ZO60000000262645
1849-12-23T13:0048.03-15.02969.31036.312.2VM8-29554.0030.60ZOTO50000000262646
1849-12-24T13:0049.83-15.856215.41040.010.0VM8-29750.0030.71O70000000262647
1849-12-25T13:0048.78-13.80176.71040.010.0VM8-29450.0030.71NO40000000262648
1849-12-26T13:0048.15-11.621819.01036.310.6VM8-27851.0030.60NO80000000262649
1849-12-27T13:0049.12-8.5831122.61015.010.0VM8-27950.0029.97NNW90000000262650
1849-12-28T12:0049.57-7.2832522.61007.95.6VM8-24942.0029.76NTW90000000a trivial correction was made in this observation262651
1849-12-29T12:0048.87-7.1533635.01015.04.4VM8-241240.0029.97N120000000262652
1849-12-30T12:0048.92-7.1533619.01023.810.0VM8-24850.0030.23N80000000262653
1849-12-31T13:0049.58-8.05630.0VM8-270O00000000262654
1850-01-01T12:0049.50-6.953621.01034.310.0VM8-24150.0030.54VARIEREND10000000262655
1850-01-02T12:0049.75-5.032692.61029.510.01VM8-24250.0030.40WNW20000000262656
1850-01-03T12:0049.88-3.481560.01026.110.01VM8-24050.0030.30Z00000000262657
1850-01-04T12:0050.27-0.172489.31026.110.01VM8-22550.0030.30W50000000262658