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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during UNKNOWN-07 cruise from Soerabaja to Rotterdam started at 1850-11-05 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752581, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -4.133952 * Median Longitude: 11.397016 * South-bound Latitude: -35.700000 * West-bound Longitude: -47.780000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.520000 * East-bound Longitude: 114.980000
Date/Time Start: 1850-11-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1851-03-09T12:00:00
Event(s):
Unknown-07_18501105_G_REIS_N54_P90-102 * Latitude Start: -6.710000 * Longitude Start: 112.800000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1850-11-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1851-03-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Voyage: Soerabaja - Rotterdam
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
12 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
13 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
17 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2673 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
12 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
13 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
14 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
17 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1850-11-05T00:00-8.601351.01VM81ZO10000000261853
1850-11-06T04:00-8.87114.982034.61VM803ZZW30000000261854
1850-11-07T04:00-9.15114.702700.0VM8ZTO4.0000W00000000261855
1850-11-08T04:00-9.90112.871582.6VM8ZWTW20.2502ZZO20000000261856
1850-11-09T05:00-10.92110.901694.61002.430.6VM8ZWTW 1/2 W32.500387.0029.60ZTO30000000261857
1850-11-10T05:00-11.53108.4716912.31009.230.0VM8WZW 1/3 W37.000686.0029.80ZTO60000000261858
1850-11-11T05:00-12.42105.421464.630.0VM8WZW43.500386.00ZOTZ30000000261859
1850-11-12T05:00-13.68102.481444.628.3VM8ZWTW 3/4 W48.50-2383.00ZOTZ30000000261860
1850-11-13T05:00-14.8599.5712212.328.9VM8WZW44.25-2684.00ZOTO60000000261861
1850-11-14T06:00-16.2096.5214412.327.8VM8ZWTW 3/4 W47.25-2682.00ZOTZ60000000261862
1850-11-15T06:00-16.8793.901229.328.3VM8WZW 1/8 W44.00-2583.00ZOTO50000000261863
1850-11-16T06:00-18.1290.951309.327.2VM8-5581.00ZO50000000261864
1850-11-17T06:00-19.3387.531084.626.7VM8WZW52.50-5380.00OZO30000000261865
1850-11-18T06:00-20.6384.431199.326.1VM8WZW50.00-5579.00ZOTO50000000261866
1850-11-19T07:00-21.5581.6210712.326.1VM8WZW48.00-6679.00OZO60000000261867
1850-11-20T07:00-22.3378.5310712.31012.625.6VM8WZW 1/3 W48.00-6678.0029.90OZO60000000261868
1850-11-21T07:00-23.7075.251034.61019.425.0VM8WZW48.50-10377.0030.10OZO30000000261869
1850-11-22T07:00-24.2371.959012.31021.124.4VM8WTZ49.00-11676.0030.15OTZ60000000261870
1850-11-23T07:00-24.8568.6210212.31019.425.0VM8W 7/8 Z43.00-11677.0030.10OZO60000000261871
1850-11-24T08:00-25.4266.67782.61016.026.1VM8WZW 2/3 W24.00-12279.0030.00O20000000261872
1850-11-25T08:00-25.8365.603032.61012.625.0VM8ZWTW 7/8 W15.75-12277.0029.90NW20000000261873
1850-11-26T08:00-25.8363.372024.61020.023.9VM8W 1/2 N28.75-12375.0030.12ZWTZ30000000261874
1850-11-27T08:00-26.1361.621002.61022.124.4VM8W 7/8 Z30.50-13276.0030.18OZO20000000261875
1850-11-28T08:00-26.4860.401004.61021.125.6VM8WTZ20.00-13378.0030.15OZO30000000261876
1850-11-29T08:00-26.8558.33774.61022.824.4VM8WZW 7/8 W27.25-13376.0030.20O30000000261877
1850-11-30T08:00-27.5556.07264.61022.126.7VM8WTZ32.75-19380.0030.18NO30000000261878
1850-12-01T08:00-28.0054.27374.61021.726.7VM8W 2/3 Z23.25-19380.0030.17NOTO30000000261879
1850-12-02T09:00-28.1752.30582.61019.426.7VM8W 1/3 Z25.00-21280.0030.10OTN20000000261880
1850-12-03T09:00-28.9349.272412.31014.027.8VM8WTZ41.50-21682.0029.94NO60000000261881
1850-12-04T09:00-29.5047.752832.61014.027.2VM8ZWTW 3/4 W18.00-21281.0029.94NWTW20000000261882
1850-12-05T09:00-29.7746.68682.61014.326.7VM8WZW 3/4 W13.00-23280.0029.95O20000000261883
1850-12-06T09:00-30.1245.32231.01011.926.7VM8WZW 1/3 W13.75-23180.0029.88NO10000000261884
1850-12-07T09:00-29.7543.081584.61016.024.4VM8WNW 7/8 W28.00-23376.0030.00Z30000000261885
1850-12-08T09:00-30.0740.05774.61005.526.1VM8W 1/2 Z40.50-24379.0029.69OTZ30000000261886
1850-12-09T09:00-29.9838.9715630.91017.019.4VM8W 2/3 N14.25-241167.0030.03Z110000000261887
1850-12-10T10:00-29.9836.831092.61017.725.0VM8W27.25-26277.0030.05ZO20000000261888
1850-12-11T10:00-31.1734.001915.41007.921.1VM8WZW46.00-26770.0029.76NO70000000261889
1850-12-12T10:00-31.2732.531772.61008.523.9VM8W 1/2 Z19.75-26275.0029.78ZZW20000000261890
1850-12-13T10:00-30.7832.2822122.61017.722.2VM8NTW 7/8 W8.75-27972.0030.05WZW90000000261891
1850-12-14T10:00-31.6331.231316.71014.623.9VM8ZW 1/2 W19.75-27475.0029.96ZZO40000000261892
1850-12-15T10:00-33.1729.23502.61013.623.3VM8ZW 1/8 Z28.50-29274.0029.93OTN20000000261893
1850-12-16T10:00-34.5527.33386.71011.921.1VM8ZW 2/3 Z26.25-30470.0029.88ONO40000000261894
1850-12-17T10:00-34.6726.282404.61011.223.9VM8NW 1/2 W9.75-30375.0029.86W30000000261895
1850-12-18T10:00-34.9825.032960.01009.224.4VM8NW 1/2 W2.00-30076.0029.80NWTN00000000261896
1850-12-19T10:00-35.0723.452852.61010.622.8VM8NWTW 7/8 W10.50-30273.0029.84NW20000000261897
1850-12-20T10:00-34.6223.2822922.61016.022.2VM8NW 2/3 W7.50-30972.0030.00WTZ90000000261898
1850-12-21T10:00-34.6022.922180.01011.223.9VM8W 2/3 Z5.00-30075.0029.86WZW00000000261899
1850-12-22T10:00-35.0022.581730.01004.122.8VM8ZZW 1/8 W6.50-30073.0029.65ZZW00000000261900
1850-12-23T11:00-35.3222.2524026.8VM8Z7.75-3010W100000000261901
1850-12-24T10:00-35.4325.8729630.91009.221.7VM8NOTO 3/4 O1.75-301171.0029.80NWTN110000000261902
1850-12-25T10:00-35.4822.9024022.61007.922.8VM8NTW 3/5 W3.50-30973.0029.76W90000000261903
1850-12-26T10:00-35.0522.5825122.61009.221.1VM8NTW6.50-30970.0029.80WTN90000000261904
1850-12-27T11:00-35.6321.932182.61010.223.9VM8ZW 1/2 Z9.25-30275.0029.83WZW20000000261905
1850-12-28T11:00-35.7021.2021835.01017.021.1VM8-301270.0030.03WZW120000000261906
1850-12-29T11:00-35.5220.03152.61014.621.7VM8WNW 7/8 W14.75-30271.0029.96NO20000000261907
1850-12-30T11:00-34.8518.3217315.41017.020.0VM8NWTW 7/8 W20.00-30768.0030.03ZZW70000000261908
1850-12-31T11:00-33.2815.601746.71017.022.2VM8NWTW 1/4 W40.00-29472.0030.03ZZW40000000261909
1851-01-01T11:00-31.8012.301756.71018.021.7VM8NWTW 1/8 W49.00-28471.0030.06ZZW40000000261910
1851-01-02T11:00-30.389.571414.61011.221.7VM8NWTW41.25-28371.0029.86ZTO30000000261911
1851-01-03T11:00-28.858.252532.61017.322.2VM8NW 2/3 N27.00-28272.0030.04WTN20000000261912
1851-01-04T12:00-27.576.301324.61020.722.8VM8NW32.00-26373.0030.14ZZO30000000261913
1851-01-05T12:00-26.254.371544.61022.422.8VM8NW28.25-26373.0030.19Z30000000261914
1851-01-06T12:00-24.832.571434.61019.423.3VM8NW31.50-26374.0030.10ZTO30000000261915
1851-01-07T12:00-23.431.001444.61020.423.3VM8NW 1/2 N30.25-25374.0030.13ZTO30000000261916
1851-01-08T12:00-21.73-0.531442.61019.423.3VM8NWTN30.00-25274.0030.10ZTO20000000261917
1851-01-09T12:00-20.02-2.051334.61019.023.9VM8NW 7/8 N32.25-25375.0030.09ZZO30000000261918
1851-01-10T12:00-18.50-3.481464.61018.023.3VM8NWTN33.25-23374.0030.06ZTO30000000261919
1851-01-11T12:00-16.88-4.921352.61017.724.4VM8NWTN33.25-23276.0030.05ZZO20000000261920
1851-01-12T12:00-15.27-6.131352.61016.023.3VM8NW 1/4 W7.50-23274.0030.00ZZO20000000261921
1851-01-13T13:00-13.58-8.421259.31015.623.3VM8NW 1/4 N39.00-21574.0029.99ZOTZ50000000261922
1851-01-14T13:00-11.97-10.171254.61015.324.4VM8NW 1/4 N36.75-21376.0029.98ZOTZ30000000261923
1851-01-15T13:00-10.33-11.731379.31013.325.6VM8NW 1/4 N35.25-21578.0029.92ZZO50000000261924
1851-01-16T13:00-8.82-13.481394.61016.026.1VM8NW 1/3 N37.25-19379.0030.00ZZO30000000261925
1851-01-17T13:00-7.15-14.931394.61014.327.2VM8NW 7/8 N38.50-19381.0029.95ZZO30000000261926
1851-01-18T13:00-5.38-16.681394.626.7VM8NW 1/2 N38.75-19380.00ZZO30000000261927
1851-01-19T13:00-3.50-18.171294.628.3VM8NNW 1/2 W54.75-17383.00ZOTZ30000000261928
1851-01-20T13:00-1.68-19.631414.628.9VM8NNW 1/2 W33.25-17384.00ZZO30000000261929
1851-01-21T13:00-0.37-20.701412.630.0VM8NTW 3/4 W30.75-17286.00ZZO20000000261930
1851-01-22T13:002.08-21.501632.6VM8N 3/4 W25.75-172Z20000000261931
1851-01-23T13:002.39-21.883622.61011.627.8VM8NNW 3/4 W7.00-17282.0029.87OMLOPEND20000000261932
1851-01-24T13:002.70-22.253620.030.6VM8NTW 3/4 W5.50-18087.00OMLOPEND00000000261933
1851-01-25T14:003.22-23.131420.029.4VM8NW 1/3 N10.25-16085.00ZZO00000000261934
1851-01-26T14:005.10-24.00742.61011.229.4VM8NW 3/4 N30.00-16285.0029.86O20000000261935
1851-01-27T14:006.80-25.95409.31012.628.9VM8NW 3/4 W36.50-16584.0029.90NOTO50000000261936
1851-01-28T14:008.55-27.90319.31011.928.3VM8NW 1/2 W44.00-14583.0029.88NO50000000261937
1851-01-29T14:0010.48-29.635415.41012.627.2VM8NW39.00-14781.0029.90ONO70000000261938
1851-01-30T14:0012.48-31.534212.31014.326.1VM8NW 1/4 N40.75-14679.0029.95NOTO60000000261939
1851-01-31T14:0014.48-33.305519.01015.625.6VM8NW 1/4 N42.50-13878.0029.99ONO80000000261940
1851-02-01T14:0016.87-34.825515.41016.024.4VM8NW 7/8 N43.25-13776.0030.00ONO70000000261941
1851-02-02T14:0018.95-35.90536.71016.026.1VM8NNW 1/4 W35.25-15479.0030.00ONO40000000261942
1851-02-03T14:0020.23-36.87642.61017.326.7VM8NW 2/3 N22.50-15280.0030.04OTN20000000261943
1851-02-04T15:0020.95-37.97444.61019.426.1VM8NW 1/2 N17.25-12379.0030.10NOTO30000000261944
1851-02-05T15:0021.82-38.85334.61020.426.1VM8NW17.25-12379.0030.13NO30000000261945
1851-02-06T15:0022.52-39.17422.61020.726.1VM8NW 3/4 N14.25-14279.0030.14NOTO20000000261946
1851-02-07T15:0023.58-39.77422.61021.726.1VM8NNW 1/2 W18.50-14279.0030.17NOTO20000000261947
1851-02-08T15:0025.13-39.78762.61023.825.6VM8N23.00-14278.0030.23O20000000261948
1851-02-09T15:0026.57-41.17312.61024.1VM8NW24.50-14230.24NO20000000261949
1851-02-10T15:0028.12-43.504112.3VM8NW 2/3 W37.50-156NOTO60000000261950
1851-02-11T15:0029.35-44.974122.61028.523.3VM8NW 1/2 W27.50-15974.0030.37NOTO90000000261951
1851-02-12T15:0030.03-45.5335615.41024.521.1VM8NW 3/4 N9.50-15770.0030.25NTO70000000261952
1851-02-13T15:0030.70-46.553015.41022.421.7VM8NW 3/4 W19.50-15771.0030.19NO70000000261953
1851-02-14T15:0030.72-45.573564.61019.718.3VM8O 2/3 Z11.50-15365.0030.11NTO30000000261954
1851-02-15T15:0030.93-46.103022.61024.517.2VM8WNW 1/2 W11.00-15963.0030.25NO90000000261955
1851-02-16T15:0031.58-47.424119.01030.519.4VM8NW 1/2 W18.00-15867.0030.43NOTO80000000261956
1851-02-17T15:0032.10-47.78782.61029.521.1VM8NW 3/4 N8.25-12270.0030.40O20000000261957
1851-02-18T15:0032.78-47.372964.6VM8-193NW30000000261958
1851-02-19T15:0033.37-47.502915.41028.218.9VM8N6.25-16766.0030.36NO70000000261959
1851-02-20T15:0033.42-46.10159.31028.917.2VM8O 1/4 N11.75-19563.0030.38NOTN50000000261960
1851-02-21T15:0033.40-46.174922.61029.517.2VM8N2.50-19963.0030.40ONO90000000261961
1851-02-22T15:0034.08-44.673412.61026.118.9VM8NOTO 1/2 O18.25-19266.0030.30N20000000261962
1851-02-23T15:0034.65-42.93266.71021.118.3VM8ONO 7/8 O25.75-19465.0030.15NO40000000261963
1851-02-24T15:0036.75-40.822494.61002.419.4VM8NO 1/2 N42.00-21367.0029.60W30000000261964
1851-02-25T15:0037.58-39.2031419.0997.713.9VM8ONO 1/8 O27.50-25857.0029.46NNW80000000261965
1851-02-26T14:0039.05-36.9526826.81001.815.0VM8NOTO33.00-251059.0029.58WNW100000000261966
1851-02-27T14:0040.50-34.4324515.41010.217.8VM8NOTO 1/4 O35.00-25764.0029.83W70000000261967
1851-02-28T14:0041.89-30.9417822.61007.516.7VM8ONO47.75-25962.0029.75ZZW90000000261968
1851-03-01T14:0043.28-27.452209.31013.315.6VM8NOTO 7/8 O37.50-28560.0029.92WZW50000000261969
1851-03-02T14:0044.67-24.7819712.31017.714.4VM8NOTO 1/2 O33.25-28658.0030.05ZW60000000261970
1851-03-03T13:0046.06-21.932214.61017.314.4VM8NOTO 7/8 O32.75-27358.0030.04WZW30000000261971
1851-03-04T13:0047.45-20.982669.31012.612.8VM8ONO37.25-27555.0029.90WNW50000000261972
1851-03-05T13:0048.20-17.6334115.41016.014.4VM8OTN35.00-30758.0030.00NTO70000000261973
1851-03-06T13:0047.88-15.95404.6VM8OZO 1/3 O14.75-283ONO30000000261974
1851-03-07T13:0048.70-12.551979.31015.612.2VM8ONO 3/4 O34.00-28554.0029.99ZW50000000261975
1851-03-08T13:0049.28-8.8331215.41012.311.1VM8ONO 7/8 O40.00-26752.0029.89NNW70000000261976
1851-03-09T12:0049.52-6.231561.01004.111.1VM8O 1/2 N22.50-24152.0029.65Z EN OMLOPEND10000000261977