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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during UNKNOWN-04 cruise from Portugal to Soerabaija started at 1845-04-27 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752576, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -10.670476 * Median Longitude: 24.432976 * South-bound Latitude: -39.180000 * West-bound Longitude: -34.270000 * North-bound Latitude: 40.020000 * East-bound Longitude: 112.080000
Date/Time Start: 1845-04-27T21:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-11-07T12:00:00
Event(s):
Unknown-04_18450427_G_REIS_41 * Latitude Start: 40.020000 * Longitude Start: -12.220000 * Latitude End: -6.710000 * Longitude End: 112.800000 * Date/Time Start: 1845-04-27T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-11-07T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Voyage: Portugal - Soerabaija
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
16 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 CommentComment
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2014 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)

Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
16 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
Comment
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1845-04-27T21:0040.02-12.222026.71019.415.6PV8Z 3/4 W10.75-23460.0030.10ZW40000000261300
1845-04-28T21:0038.87-10.472021.01023.116.1PV8OZO 1/2 O19.25-23161.0030.21ZW10000000261301
1845-04-29T21:0039.52-10.801571.01027.812.2PV8ZZW 3/4 W6.00-23154.0030.35Z EN ZTW10000000261302
1845-04-30T00:00236.71029.516.7PV8462.0030.40NNO40000000261303
1845-07-16T05:0037.78-9.922706.71036.323.3HW8ZZW 1/3-23474.0030.60WNW40000000261304
1845-07-17T21:0037.78-11.722812.61036.322.2PV8W 1/3 Z20.00-23272.0030.60NWTW20000000261305
1845-07-18T21:0036.73-12.9520322.61021.424.4PV8ZW 1/8 Z17.75-22976.0030.16ZW90000000261306
1845-07-19T21:0034.93-13.132482.61024.823.3PV8Z 1/3 W27.50-22274.0030.26W20000000261307
1845-07-20T21:0032.70-12.952269.31027.523.9PV8Z 1/3 O33.50-22575.0030.34WZW50000000261308
1845-07-21T21:0031.80-15.233176.71024.122.8PV8ZWTW 7/8 W35.50-21473.0030.24NNW40000000261309
1845-07-22T21:0030.23-17.452839.31026.823.9PV8ZW 1/4 W35.00-21575.0030.32NWTW50000000261310
1845-07-23T21:0028.02-18.553394.61022.823.9PV8ZZW10.25-21375.0030.20N30000000261311
1845-07-24T21:0025.93-19.65252.61021.123.9PV8ZZW 1/4 W34.50-20275.0030.15NO20000000261312
1845-07-25T21:0023.77-21.173404.61016.0PV8ZWTZ39.50-20330.00N30000000261313
1845-07-26T22:0021.33-22.75276.71016.0PV8ZWTZ45.50-18430.00NO40000000261314
1845-07-27T22:0018.83-25.1759.31036.324.4PV8ZW 1/2 Z52.25-18576.0030.60NNO50000000261315
1845-07-28T22:0016.30-25.65289.31022.825.6PV8Z 7/8 W39.50-17578.0030.20NO50000000261316
1845-07-29T22:0014.35-25.072319.31019.726.1PV8ZTO 1/8 O28.50-17579.0030.11WZW50000000261317
1845-07-30T22:0013.23-24.92732.61019.426.1PV8Z 3/4 O17.00-17279.0030.10O20000000261318
1845-07-31T22:0011.98-24.35972.61020.026.1PV8Z 1/3 O19.00-16279.0030.12OZO20000000261319
1845-08-01T22:0010.72-23.383442.61036.326.1PV8Z 3/4 O14.25-16279.0030.60N20000000261320
1845-08-02T21:009.48-22.422072.61043.126.1PV8ZO25.50-18279.0030.80ZW20000000261321
1845-08-03T21:008.63-20.781962.61019.426.7PV8ZOTO 1/8 O24.75-18280.0030.10ZWTZ20000000261322
1845-08-04T21:007.27-19.901862.61043.126.1PV8ZO 2/3 O32.00-17279.0030.80ZZW20000000261323
1845-08-05T21:006.45-19.571979.31019.426.7PV8ZO 1/3 O22.75-17580.0030.10ZWTZ50000000a trivial correction was made in this observation261324
1845-08-06T21:005.50-18.721634.61020.726.1PV8ZW 7/8 W23.00-17379.0030.14Z30000000261325
1845-08-07T21:004.62-18.171522.61022.125.6PV8ZTO 1/3 O15.75-17278.0030.18ZTO20000000261326
1845-08-08T21:003.37-16.1519512.31022.125.0PV8ZOTO 1/8 O35.00-19677.0030.18ZWTZ60000000261327
1845-08-09T21:002.53-18.231419.31020.025.6PV8ZWTW 2/3 W32.50-17578.0030.12ZZO50000000261328
1845-08-10T21:001.15-20.271412.61019.726.1PV8ZWTW 1/8 W34.00-17279.0030.11ZZO20000000261329
1845-08-11T22:000.90-22.871446.71021.425.0PV8ZW 1/2 W48.00-14477.0030.16ZZO40000000261330
1845-08-12T22:00-3.50-25.681324.61021.424.4PV8ZW 7/8 Z47.00-14376.0030.16ZOTZ30000000261331
1845-08-13T22:00-6.43-26.3713212.31021.425.6PV8ZZW 1/2 W49.50-14678.0030.16ZOTZ60000000261332
1845-08-14T22:00-9.38-28.6712512.31021.425.6PV8ZW 3/4 Z54.00-10678.0030.16ZO60000000261333
1845-08-15T22:00-11.82-30.4512512.31016.025.0PV8ZW 1/2 Z46.00-10677.0030.00ZO60000000261334
1845-08-16T22:00-15.03-31.681259.31016.025.6PV8ZTW 3/4 W51.00-10578.0030.00ZO50000000261335
1845-08-17T22:00-17.92-33.031089.31026.825.6PV8ZZW 1/8 W48.00-5578.0030.32OZO50000000261336
1845-08-18T22:00-21.02-34.271089.31029.525.6PV8ZTW 3/4 W49.50-5578.0030.40OZO50000000261337
1845-08-19T22:00-23.72-33.90979.31027.822.2PV8Z 1/2 O41.50-4572.0030.35OTZ50000000261338
1845-08-20T22:00-26.43-33.20866.71026.123.3PV8Z 3/4 O40.50-4474.0030.30O40000000261339
1845-08-21T22:00-29.07-32.15842.61016.022.8PV8ZTO 1/3 O42.00-6273.0030.00O20000000261340
1845-08-22T22:00-31.52-28.831296.71025.522.2PV8ZO53.50-6472.0030.28ZO40000000261341
1845-08-23T22:00-33.37-24.703712.31027.221.7PV8ZOTO58.25-8671.0030.33NO60000000261342
1845-08-24T21:00-34.53-20.9335912.31031.620.6PV8OZO48.25-12669.0030.46NTO60000000261343
1845-09-04T19:00-39.1012.1824312.31016.012.8PV8O 1/8 N48.00-27655.0030.00W60000000261344
1845-09-05T19:00-39.1316.272871.01025.512.2PV8O 1/8 Z46.25-28154.0030.28NW10000000261345
1845-09-06T19:00-38.9319.372186.71027.811.7PV8OOST41.00-30453.0030.35WZW40000000261346
1845-09-07T19:00-38.8020.451502.61043.113.3PV8O 2/3 N13.75-30256.0030.80Z20000000261347
1845-09-08T18:00-38.4822.602400.01005.813.3PV8O 1/2 N28.00-30056.0029.70W00000000261348
1845-09-09T18:00-38.4427.8227312.31014.315.6PV8O 1/3 Z61.00-31660.0029.95NWTW60000000261349
1845-09-10T18:00-38.4032.732176.71015.613.9PV8O 2/3 N53.50-31457.0029.99WZW40000000261350
1845-09-11T18:00-38.9537.332626.71019.416.7PV8O 1/2 Z55.00-31462.0030.10WNW40000000261351
1845-09-12T17:00-39.1842.453089.31007.516.7PV8OOST56.50-30562.0029.75NNW50000000261352
1845-09-13T17:00-38.5346.4319622.61029.514.4PV8O 3/4 N51.00-29958.0030.40ZW90000000261353
1845-09-14T17:00-38.4349.401522.61029.514.4PV8O 1/4 N33.00-28258.0030.40Z20000000261354
1845-09-15T16:00-38.5854.0031112.31012.614.4PV8OTZ54.50-27658.0029.90NNW60000000261355
1845-09-16T16:00-38.7358.252226.71019.413.9PV8O 1/4 N49.50-26457.0030.10WZW40000000261356
1845-09-17T16:00-37.9559.6715422.61009.213.9PV8-26957.0029.80Z90000000261357
1845-09-18T16:00-37.1763.2018330.91010.913.3PV8ONO 1/2 O41.00-201156.0029.85ZZW110000000261358
1845-09-19T16:00-36.1365.871386.71020.013.3PV8ONO 1/2 O35.00-20456.0030.12ZZO40000000261359
1845-09-20T15:00-35.1369.371169.31024.515.0PV8ONO1/4 O45.25-19559.0030.25ZO50000000261360
1845-09-21T15:00-34.5371.621394.61021.115.0PV8ONO 1/4 O30.50-19359.0030.15ZZO30000000261361
1845-09-22T15:00-34.5573.921282.61026.116.1PV8O 1/4 N28.50-18261.0030.30ZOTZ20000000261362
1845-09-23T15:00-34.9075.821629.31021.115.0PV8O 1/3 W23.75-18559.0030.15Z50000000261363
1845-09-24T15:00-35.2576.321409.31022.116.1PV8ZTO 3/4 O18.00-18561.0030.18ZZO50000000261364
1845-09-25T15:00-35.1280.051639.31028.914.4PV8OOST47.00-17558.0030.38Z50000000261365
1845-09-26T15:00-34.7082.021634.61031.214.4PV8O 7/8 N58.00-17358.0030.45Z30000000261366
1845-09-27T14:00-34.5585.933002.61028.915.6PV8O 1/4 N48.00-15260.0030.38NW20000000261367
1845-09-28T14:00-34.4590.2335712.31023.416.1PV8O 1/8 N54.50-14661.0030.22NTO60000000261368
1845-09-29T14:00-34.1393.9735822.61014.316.1PV8-13961.0029.95NTO90000000261369
1845-09-30T14:00-32.2796.022836.71022.815.6PV8NO 1/4 N38.50-10460.0030.20WNW40000000261370
1845-10-01T13:00-30.4598.222629.31024.516.7PV8NO40.50-8562.0030.25W50000000261371
1845-10-02T13:00-29.2599.252174.61026.116.7PV8NO 1/3 N23.50-8362.0030.30ZW30000000261372
1845-10-03T13:00-28.53100.102172.61024.517.2PV8NO 3/4 N-8263.0030.25ZW20000000261373
1845-10-04T13:00-26.18101.671522.61026.117.8PV8NO 3/4 N41.00-6264.0030.30ZZO20000000261374
1845-10-05T13:00-23.93103.181302.61026.117.8PV8NNO 1/3 O40.50-5264.0030.30ZO20000000261375
1845-10-06T13:00-20.63104.331326.71022.819.4PV8NTO 1/2 O55.00-3467.0030.20ZO40000000261376
1845-10-07T13:00-17.32104.721112.61021.121.1PV8N 3/4 O50.00-2270.0030.15OZO20000000261377
1845-10-08T13:00-14.02105.301119.31019.423.3PV8N 3/4 O49.75-2574.0030.10OZO50000000261378
1845-10-09T13:00-11.03105.621139.31043.125.0PV8N 1/2 O44.750577.0030.80OZO50000000261379
1845-10-10T13:00-7.82105.171359.31016.025.6PV8N 2/3 W47.500578.0030.00ZO50000000261380
1845-10-11T00:001356.71016.026.1PV8NNW 1/3 W13.75479.0030.00ZO40000000261381
1845-10-12T00:002250.01019.427.8PV8082.0030.10ZW00000000261382
1845-10-13T00:002931.01043.126.7PV8180.0030.80WNW10000000261383
1845-10-30T13:00-5.75108.550.01016.029.4PV8OOST20.501085.0030.0000000000261384
1845-10-31T13:00-5.52109.301362.61032.928.3PV8O 3/4 N14.001283.0030.50ZO20000000261385
1845-11-01T13:00-5.78110.03461.01043.129.4PV8OZO11.501185.0030.80NO10000000261386
1845-11-02T00:001351.01043.130.6PV8187.0030.80ZO10000000261387
1845-11-03T00:002251.01032.930.0PV8186.0030.50ZW10000000261388
1845-11-04T00:00-5.92231.01022.830.0PV8OTZ4.50186.0030.20NNO10000000261389
1845-11-05T00:001131.01016.028.3PV8ZO 1/3 Z3.50183.0030.00OZO10000000261390
1845-11-06T13:00-6.58112.081591.01016.030.0PV8ZZO 1/8 O10.001186.0030.00ZZO10000000261391
1845-11-07T12:00112.57459.31016.029.4PV8585.0030.00NO50000000261392