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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during UNKNOWN-01 cruise from Nederland to Batavia started at 1846-05-31 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752570, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -9.169561 * Median Longitude: 9.231140 * South-bound Latitude: -41.020000 * West-bound Longitude: -37.370000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.050000 * East-bound Longitude: 103.770000
Date/Time Start: 1846-05-31T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-09-22T05:00:00
Event(s):
Unknown-01_18460531_H_REIS_2_P26-50 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1846-05-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-09-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Voyage: Nederland - Batavia, Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
12 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
13 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
17 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 CommentComment
27 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2479 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
12 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
13 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
14 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
17 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
Comment
27 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1846-05-31T12:0051.051.42784.61013.317.81VM8ZWTW22.50-23364.0029.92OTZ30000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260918
1846-06-01T12:0050.18-2.42674.61013.319.41VM8WZW 1/2 W35.00-23367.0029.92O30000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260919
1846-06-02T12:0049.87-5.17881.01013.318.9VM8WZW 7/8 W23.50-25166.0029.92OZO10000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260920
1846-06-03T12:0048.88-7.381101.01010.219.4VM8ZW 7/8 W25.00-25167.0029.83ZO10000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260921
1846-06-04T13:0048.47-7.622660.01009.920.0VM8ZWTZ7.50-2768.0029.82WNWSTIL0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260922
1846-06-05T13:0047.95-8.083611008.518.3VM8ZZW 3/4 W9.50-2765.0029.78STIL0000000260923
1846-06-06T13:0047.75-10.252091004.818.3VM8W18.00-2765.0029.67ZWTW0000000260924
1846-06-07T05:0047.03-11.052804.61004.818.3HW8ZW 14 W16.50-24365.0029.67NWTW30000000260925
1846-06-08T13:0044.47-11.122469.31007.518.9VM8Z 3/8 W33.50-24566.0029.75W50000000260926
1846-06-09T05:0043.22-11.08361HW8-24STIL0000000260927
1846-06-10T13:0041.98-13.052112.3VM8ZW36.00-246NO60000000260928
1846-06-11T13:0039.52-15.0035912.31014.020.0VM8ZW 1/8 W40.50-24668.0029.94NNO60000000260929
1846-06-12T13:0037.28-16.07469.31011.920.6VM8ZZW33.50-22569.0029.88ONO50000000260930
1846-06-13T13:0035.10-17.00234.61010.219.4VM8ZZW31.25-22367.0029.83NO30000000260931
1846-06-14T13:0033.75-17.783412.31011.921.1VM8ZTW 7/8 W19.25-22670.0029.88NOTO60000000260932
1846-06-15T13:0032.12-18.13242.61013.622.8VM8ZTW 9223.00-21273.0029.93NO20000000260933
1846-06-16T13:0030.00-19.17699.31012.623.3VM8ZZW33.75-21574.0029.90O50000000260934
1846-06-17T13:0027.42-20.38362.61010.923.3VM8ZZW 1/4 W41.50-20274.0029.85NOTO20000000260935
1846-06-18T13:0025.12-21.5334.61010.923.9VM8ZZW 1/4 W35.75-20375.0029.85NNO30000000260936
1846-06-19T14:0023.10-22.68494.61010.225.0VM8ZZW 1/2 W32.50-19377.0029.83ONO30000000260937
1846-06-20T14:0020.58-23.872712.31009.225.0VM8ZZW 1/4 W39.50-18677.0029.80NO60000000260938
1846-06-21T14:0018.08-25.123812.31009.225.6VM8ZZW 1/2 W41.50-18678.0029.80NOTO60000000260939
1846-06-22T14:0015.90-26.137312.31008.226.7VM8ZTW 7/8 W36.50-17680.0029.77O60000000260940
1846-06-23T14:0013.82-25.02624.61009.927.8VM8ZZO 1/2 O35.00-17382.0029.82OTN30000000260941
1846-06-24T14:0011.83-23.605212.31006.528.3VM8ZO 7/8 Z34.00-16683.0029.72ONO60000000260942
1846-06-25T14:0011.97-23.003624.61007.530.6VM8ZZO 1/8 O14.25-16387.0029.75VARIABEL30000000260943
1846-06-26T14:0010.53-23.133444.61008.227.8VM8ZZO 3/4 O9.25-16382.0029.77N30000000260944
1846-06-27T14:0010.15-23.372992.61008.228.3VM8ZO 3/4 Z12.75-16283.0029.77NW20000000260945
1846-06-28T13:009.58-21.981174.61008.928.3VM8ZO 3/8 Z6.25-18383.0029.79ZO30000000260946
1846-06-29T13:009.27-21.453421.01008.929.4VM8ZOTO10.75-18185.0029.79N10000000260947
1846-06-30T13:007.70-20.583204.61006.830.6VM8ZZO 1/4 O23.50-18387.0029.73NNW30000000260948
1846-07-01T13:006.78-19.472082.61006.528.9VM8ZO 1/4 Z20.25-17284.0029.72ZW20000000260949
1846-07-02T13:006.33-18.921864.61006.828.3VM8ZO 3/8 O10.25-17383.0029.73ZZW30000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260950
1846-07-03T13:006.37-17.131849.31007.528.9VM8OZO 1/4 O10.25-19584.0029.75ZZW50000000260951
1846-07-04T13:006.03-14.921724.61008.227.8VM8OZO 3/4 O28.50-19382.0029.77ZTW30000000260952
1846-07-05T13:005.62-16.4216112.31008.228.3VM8WZW 1/4 W24.00-19683.0029.77Z60000000260953
1846-07-06T13:005.08-18.9017412.31008.228.9VM8WZW 3/4 W38.50-17684.0029.77ZTW60000000260954
1846-07-07T13:004.15-21.1216319.01007.228.9VM8WZW 1/4 W38.00-17884.0029.74Z80000000260955
1846-07-08T14:003.10-23.381008.228.3VM8ZWTW 1/4 W34.50-1583.0029.770000000260956
1846-07-09T14:001.90-25.771434.61008.928.3VM8ZW 1/4 W37.00-15383.0029.79ZZO30000000260957
1846-07-10T14:000.28-27.6214612.31008.227.8VM8ZW 7/8 Z34.50-12682.0029.77ZZO60000000260958
1846-07-11T14:00-1.97-28.7212312.31008.228.3VM8ZZW 3/8 W40.00-12683.0029.77ZO60000000260959
1846-07-12T14:00-4.37-30.6312412.31008.227.8VM8ZW 5/8 Z42.00-11682.0029.77ZO60000000260960
1846-07-13T14:00-6.70-32.0312415.41008.227.8VM8ZZW 1/2 W39.00-11782.0029.77ZO70000000260961
1846-07-14T14:00-9.23-33.571286.71009.526.7VM8ZZW 1/2 W41.00-7480.0029.81ZO40000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260962
1846-07-15T14:00-9.22-33.4512822.61009.526.7VM8O 7/8 Z7.00-7980.0029.81ZO90000000260963
1846-07-16T14:00-8.55-33.0210622.61008.927.2VM8ZO 7/8 O14.25-7981.0029.79OZO90000000260964
1846-07-17T14:00-9.83-33.781284.61009.227.2VM8ZZW 3/4 W18.50-7381.0029.80ZO30000000260965
1846-07-18T14:00-12.02-34.721179.31010.927.8VM8ZTW 3/433.00-7582.0029.85ZOTO50000000260966
1846-07-19T14:00-14.13-35.521186.71012.326.1VM8ZTW 3/8 W34.00-6479.0029.89ZOTO40000000260967
1846-07-20T14:00-16.32-36.0212922.61014.325.6VM8Z 5/8 W33.00-6978.0029.95ZO90000000260968
1846-07-21T14:00-18.38-36.651074.61015.325.0VM8ZTW 1/8 W31.00-6377.0029.98OZO30000000260969
1846-07-22T14:00-20.25-37.371299.31015.625.0VM8ZTW 1/4 W31.00-6577.0029.99ZO50000000260970
1846-07-23T14:00-19.85-36.851079.31014.324.4VM8O 5/8 N13.75-6576.0029.95OZO50000000260971
1846-07-24T14:00-21.50-37.22849.31013.624.4VM8Z 5/8 W25.00-6576.0029.93O50000000260972
1846-07-25T14:00-23.05-35.9326615.41005.823.3VM8ZO 7/8 Z31.50-4774.0029.70W70000000260973
1846-07-26T14:00-24.05-33.451996.71008.922.8VM8ZO 3/4 O41.50-4473.0029.79ZZW40000000260974
1846-07-27T14:00-25.35-30.9821722.61008.221.1VM8ZO 1/4 O36.00-8970.0029.77ZW90000000260975
1846-07-28T14:00-26.78-28.7721722.61007.220.6VM8ZO 3/8 Z39.00-8969.0029.74ZW90000000260976
1846-07-29T14:00-28.22-26.4521515.41008.920.6VM8ZO 3/4 Z40.75-10769.0029.79ZW70000000260977
1846-07-30T14:00-29.07-23.951709.31013.618.9VM8ZO 3/4 O34.00-10566.0029.93Z50000000260978
1846-08-01T13:00-31.43-20.4223512.31014.318.3VM8ZO 1/8 O37.00-13665.0029.95WZW60000000260979
1846-08-02T13:00-32.78-20.2830322.61008.918.3VM8ZO 1/8 O37.00-12965.0029.79NW90000000260980
1846-08-03T13:00-34.50-18.0528126.81000.118.3VM8ZO 3/4 Z39.50-121065.0029.53WNW100000000260981
1846-08-04T13:00-33.97-16.143114.6994.017.2VM8ZOTO 1/4 O38.00-15363.0029.35NWTN30000000260982
1846-08-05T13:00-34.19-14.2314326.81002.115.6VM8O 3/4 N20.00-151060.0029.59ZZO100000000260983
1846-08-06T13:00-34.42-12.321179.31008.213.9VM8O21.00-18557.0029.77ZO50000000260984
1846-08-07T13:00-35.68-13.4514312.31010.613.3VM8ZW 7/8 Z22.00-15656.0029.84ZZO60000000260985
1846-08-08T13:00-35.92-13.4312022.61013.312.8VM8Z 1/4 O8.25-15955.0029.92ZO90000000260986
1846-08-09T13:00-35.95-11.521512.61016.013.3VM8OZO 1/4 O22.25-18256.0030.00ZTO20000000260987
1846-08-10T13:00-36.30-11.382974.61020.013.3VM8ZO 7/8 Z10.50-18356.0030.12NW30000000260988
1846-08-11T13:00-37.38-10.2733112.31019.012.8VM8ZO 1/8 O44.00-18655.0030.09NTW60000000260989
1846-08-12T13:00-38.47-9.153441.01015.313.9VM8OTZ46.50-16157.0029.98N10000000260990
1846-08-13T12:00-38.52-0.2333812.31013.614.4VM8O 3/4 Z46.25-22658.0029.93N60000000260991
1846-08-14T12:00-38.804.723581011.214.4VM8OTZ42.75-2558.0029.86NNO0000000260992
1846-08-15T11:00-39.039.3227722.6999.114.4VM8OZO 3/4 O47.00-27958.0029.50NWTW90000000260993
1846-08-16T11:00-39.2712.9726530.91002.114.2VM8O40.25-281157.5029.59WNW110000000260994
1846-08-17T11:00-39.6716.9228712.31005.814.4VM8OZO 7/8 O40.50-28658.0029.70NW60000000260995
1846-08-18T11:00-39.7021.4821822.61004.515.6VM8O 1/4 Z46.50-30960.0029.66WZW90000000260996
1846-08-19T10:00-39.4724.1519512.31002.414.4VM8O 3/8 Z26.50-30658.0029.60ZW60000000260997
1846-08-20T10:00-39.2327.172639.31012.615.0VM8OTZ40.25-30559.0029.90WNW50000000260998
1846-08-21T10:00-40.1330.303079.31003.515.6VM8ZO 5/8 O42.00-31560.0029.63NNW50000000260999
1846-08-22T10:00-41.0233.7817212.31012.616.1VM8O 1/8 N39.00-31661.0029.90ZZW60000000261000
1846-08-23T10:00-40.9236.0839.31007.515.0VM8O 1/4 N27.00-31559.0029.75NOTN50000000261001
1846-08-24T09:00-41.0240.053531006.815.6VM8O 1/4 N44.25-3060.0029.73NNO0000000261002
1846-08-25T09:00-40.7543.7759.31009.215.0VM8O 3/4 N34.00-29559.0029.80NOTN50000000261003
1846-08-26T09:00-40.5247.171961.01009.215.6VM8O 5/8 N46.00-29160.0029.80ZW10000000261004
1846-08-27T09:00-40.2850.571754.61022.811.7VM8OTN30.00-28353.0030.20ZZW30000000261005
1846-08-28T08:00-40.0052.88181025.112.8VM8ONO 1/2 O20.75-2755.0030.27NO0000000261006
1846-08-29T08:00-40.4556.0534430.91015.314.4VM8O 1/2 N30.00-271158.0029.98NTO110000000261007
1846-08-30T08:00-40.1259.6517726.81006.513.9VM8ONO 1/2 O40.00-261057.0029.72ZZW100000000261008
1846-08-31T08:00-39.4863.2525630.91001.813.3VM8ONO 1/2 O41.00-251156.0029.58WTN110000000261009
1846-09-01T08:00-38.9066.382689.31013.312.8VM8ONO 3/4 O42.00-25555.0029.92WNW50000000261010
1846-09-02T07:00-38.0770.3731412.31008.513.9VM8NOTO 7/8 O42.00-24657.0029.78NNW60000000261011
1846-09-03T07:00-37.6874.2020235.0993.314.4VM8O 5/8 N42.50-231258.0029.33N, ZW120000000261012
1846-09-04T07:00-37.2877.0818530.91006.511.7VM8O 3/4 N14.00-181153.0029.72ZZW110000000261013
1846-09-05T07:00-35.4879.7517426.81013.312.2VM8NO 3/4 O42.50-171054.0029.92ZTW100000000261014
1846-09-06T06:00-33.8782.6318812.31011.913.9VM8NOTO 1/4 O42.50-16657.0029.88ZZW60000000261015
1846-09-07T06:00-32.5785.722339.31011.914.2VM8NOTO 5/8 O44.00-16557.5029.88WZW50000000261016
1846-09-08T06:00-30.7387.451472.61018.415.3VM8NO 1/8 N35.00-11259.5030.07ZZO20000000261017
1846-09-09T06:00-29.1788.50794.61020.416.1VM8NO 5/8 N33.00-11361.0030.13O30000000a trivial correction was made in this observation261018
1846-09-10T06:00-27.7289.521244.61018.417.2VM8NO 7/8 N27.00-11363.0030.07ZO30000000261019
1846-09-11T06:00-25.8590.27831014.018.6VM8NNO 1/8 O32.00-765.5029.94O0000000261020
1846-09-12T06:00-24.4890.97722.61012.620.6VM8NTO 5/8 O24.00-7269.0029.90OTN20000000261021
1846-09-13T06:00-22.6091.421174.61013.320.0VM8NTO 3/4 O28.00-7368.0029.92ZOTO30000000261022
1846-09-14T06:00-20.5593.2013112.31011.621.1VM8NO 1/8 O39.50-4670.0029.87ZO60000000261023
1846-09-15T06:00-18.4595.1313119.01009.222.8VM8NO 3/4 N41.00-4873.0029.80ZO80000000261024
1846-09-16T06:00-16.0896.9813312.31008.924.4VM8NO 1/4 N46.25-2676.0029.79ZO60000000261025
1846-09-17T05:00-13.9298.5013319.01007.526.1VM8ZO 1/2 N40.50-2879.0029.75ZO80000000261026
1846-09-18T05:00-12.1299.5711312.31007.927.5VM8NOTN35.500681.5029.76OZO60000000261027
1846-09-19T05:00-9.93100.531241005.527.8VM8NOTN36.00082.0029.69ZOTO0000000261028
1846-09-20T05:00-8.08101.8011312.31009.229.4VM8NO 1/4 N33.500685.0029.80OZO60000000261029
1846-09-21T05:00-6.77102.7211412.31008.529.7VM8NO 3/8 N27.001685.5029.78OZO60000000261030
1846-09-22T05:00-6.13103.771362.61007.530.0VM8NO 7/8 O18.001286.0029.75ZO20000000a trivial correction was made in this observation261031