García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during TWEED cruise from Portsmouth to Funchal started at 1827-09-17 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752563, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 40.941000 * Median Longitude: -11.441000 * South-bound Latitude: 32.600000 * West-bound Longitude: -15.570000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.570000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.880000
Date/Time Start: 1827-09-17T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1827-09-26T13:00:00
Event(s):
Tweed_18270917_NMM_LOG/N/B/2 * Latitude Start: 50.750000 * Longitude Start: -0.980000 * Latitude End: 32.270000 * Longitude End: -16.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1827-09-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1827-09-26T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Tweed (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Portsmouth - Funchal, 1st Observer: Lord John Spencer Churchill (Captain), 2nd Observer: J.D. Ramsay (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 28G 499BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 17 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 18 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 19 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 20 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 21 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 22 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 23 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 24 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
197 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 Clearness | 17 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 18 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 19 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 20 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 21 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 22 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 23 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 24 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1827-09-17T12:00 | 49.57 | -5.88 | 268 | 1.0 | CAPE FINISTERRE | S30W | 141 | S49W | 37.00 | -25 | VARIABLE, WNW | AM LIGHT BREEZES 4AM LIGHT WINDS NOON LIGHT AIRS 4PM LIGHT BREEZES 6PM MODERATE MIDNIGHT LIGHT WINDS | AM FINE NOON CLEAR 6PM FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260605 | ||
| 1827-09-18T12:00 | 48.73 | -6.42 | 20 | 2.6 | USHANT | S82E | 19 | S22W | 54.00 | -25 | NE, NEBE | AM LIGHT AIRS NOON LIGHT BREEZES 4PM MODERATE 8PM FRESH BREEZES | AM CLOUDY NOON FINE 4PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260606 | ||
| 1827-09-19T13:00 | 45.92 | -7.97 | 20 | 9.3 | CAPE FINISTERRE | S16W | 16 | S22W | 174.00 | -25 | NE | AM FRESH BREEZES 6PM MODERATE | AM CLOUDY 10AM FINE NOON CLOUDY PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260607 | ||
| 1827-09-20T13:00 | 45.45 | -9.80 | 20 | 6.7 | FUNCHAL | S28W | 246 | S22W | 165.00 | -25 | NE | AM MODERATE 2PM LIGHT BREEZES 6PM LIGHT AIRS 8PM MODERATE MIDNIGHT MODERATE BREEZES | 2AM FINE 4AM CLOUDY 8AM FINE PM FINE MIDNIGHT CLO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260608 | ||
| 1827-09-21T13:00 | 41.68 | -10.70 | 22 | 6.7 | PORTO SANTO | S27W | 192 | S58W | 119.00 | -23 | NE, NNE | AM MODERATE BREEZES NOON MODERATE 2PM MODERATE BREEZES 8PM FRESH BREEZES | AM CLOUDY NOON FINE 8PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260609 | ||
| 1827-09-22T13:00 | 39.13 | -12.17 | 22 | 2.6 | PORTO SANTO | S25W | 134 | SSW1/4W | 164.00 | -23 | NNE, NE | 2AM MODERATE BREEZES 6AM MODERATE NOON LIGHT BREEZES PM MODERATE BREEZES MIDNIGHT MODERATE | 3AM SQUALLY | AM CLOUDY 2PM FINE 6PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260610 | |
| 1827-09-23T13:00 | 37.02 | -15.37 | 293 | 6.7 | PORTO SANTO | S33W | 76 | SSW1/4W | 140.00 | -22 | NW | 2AM MODERATE BREEZES 8AM MODERATE PM MODERATE | 1AM SQUALLY | AM CLOUDY 8AM FINE MIDNIGHT CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260611 | |
| 1827-09-24T13:00 | 35.54 | -15.43 | 362 | 2.6 | PORTO SANTO | S84W | 35 | S30W | 130.00 | -22 | WSW, VARIABLE, N | AM LIGHT BREEZES 4PM MODERATE 8PM LIGHT BREEZES | NOON SQUALLY | NOON RAIN AT INTERVALS MIDNIGHT RAIN | AM CLOUDY PM FINE 8PM CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260612 |
| 1827-09-25T13:00 | 33.77 | -15.10 | 338 | 2.6 | PORTO SANTO | 35 | S30W | 130.00 | -22 | N | AM MODERATE NOON LIGHT BREEZES 4PM MODERATE 8PM LIGHT BREEZES | 4AM SQUALLY | 4AM RAIN AT TIMES MIDNIGHT RAIN | AM CLOUDY NOON FINE 4PM CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260613 | |
| 1827-09-26T13:00 | 32.60 | -15.57 | 271 | 6.7 | SOUTH DESERTER | N82W | 17 | S71W | 75.00 | -22 | N, WNW, VARIABLE, NW | 4AM LIGHT BREEZES 8AM MODERATE PM LIGHT BREEZES | NOON SQUALLY | 2AM RAIN | 4AM CLOUDY 8AM FINE 8PM CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 260614 |