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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during TWEED cruise from Madeira to New York started at 1770-09-10 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752555, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 29.431111 * Median Longitude: -45.742222 * South-bound Latitude: 25.730000 * West-bound Longitude: -73.900000 * North-bound Latitude: 39.620000 * East-bound Longitude: -20.850000
Date/Time Start: 1770-09-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-10-19T00:00:00
Event(s):
Tweed_17700910_NMM_ADM/L/T269 * Latitude Start: 32.130000 * Longitude Start: -16.570000 * Latitude End: 40.670000 * Longitude End: -74.040000 * Date/Time Start: 1770-09-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-10-19T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Tweed (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Madeira - New York, 1st Observer: George Collier (Captain), 2nd Observer: Walter Collheapt (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 32G 660BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2 LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3 LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4 Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5 Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6 LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
7 BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
8 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
9 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 ClearnessClearness
17 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
18 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
19 FogFog1 If fog was reported
20 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
21 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
22 HailHail1 If hail was reported
23 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
24 CommentComment
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
725 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Date/Time		2 
Latitude		3 
Longitude		4 
dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)		5 
ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)		6 
Landmark
(Name of first landmark)		7 
Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)		8 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)		9 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)		10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)		11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)		12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)		13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)		14 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)		15 
ww
(Weather description)		16 
Clearness		17 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)		18 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)		19 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)		20 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)		21 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)		22 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)		23 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)		24 
Comment		25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1770-09-10T00:0031.723621.0MADEIRANE20VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000260412
1770-09-11T13:0030.60-20.85646.7FUNCHALN58:41E82S58:41W248.00-15NNW, E, EBNMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000260413
1770-09-12T14:0030.60-24.0734719.0FUNCHALN67:21E134169.00-13NNE, NBW, NFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000260414
1770-09-13T14:0029.35-25.673476.7FUNCHALN66:37E16794.00-13NMODERATE BREEZESFAIR WEATHER0000000260415
1770-09-14T14:0029.27-26.052571.0FUNCHALN67E17224.00-13WLIGHT AIRSSULTRY WEATHER0000000260416
1770-09-15T14:0029.70-27.182576.7FUNCHALN71:27E18664.00-13WMODERATECLEAR0000000260417
1770-09-16T14:0028.25-27.031679.3FUNCHALN63E19690.00-13SFRESH BREEZESFAIR WEATHER0000000260418
1770-09-17T14:0026.48-27.132596.7FUNCHALN55E217101.00-11WMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000260419
1770-09-18T14:0025.92-28.32146.7FUNCHALN56E24174.00-9W, NNEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR WEATHER0000000260420
1770-09-19T14:0025.88-29.523512.6FUNCHALN58E25565.00-9NLIGHT BREEZESFAIR WEATHER0000000260421
1770-09-20T14:0025.73-30.58592.6FUNCHALN60E27760.00-9NE, ENELIGHT BREEZESFINE CLEAR WEATHER0000000260422
1770-09-21T14:0025.92-31.85592.6FUNCHALN62:40E29470.00-9ENELIGHT BREEZESFINE WEATHER0000000260423
1770-09-22T14:0026.13-33.20831.0FUNCHALN45E31677.00-7ELIGHT AIRSCLEAR WEATHER0000000260424
1770-09-23T14:0026.33-35.62832.6FUNCHALN69E34736.00-7ELIGHT BREEZESFINE WEATHER0000000260425
1770-09-24T15:0026.70-38.473559.3FUNCHALN72E393150.00-5NFRESH BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000260426
1770-09-25T15:0026.88-40.933556.7FUNCHALN74E434131.00-5NMODERATE BREEZESFAIR WEATHER0000000260427
1770-09-26T15:0027.12-42.053556.7BERMUDAN74:30W38876.00-5NMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000260428
1770-09-27T15:0026.60-42.95266BERMUDAN72W37959.00-4WHOT SULTRY WEATHER0000000260429
1770-09-28T15:0027.03-46.03199.3BERMUDAN70:30W325163.00-4NBE, NNEFRESH BREEZESHAZY WEATHER0000000260430
1770-09-29T15:0027.33-47.73886.7BERMUDAN69:13W29699.00-2EMODERATE BREEZES AND SQUALLY WEATHER0000000260431
1770-09-30T15:0027.33-48.62882.6BERMUDAN68:40W28048.00-2ELIGHT BREEZESFINE WEATHER0000000260432
1770-10-01T15:0027.47-48.953136.7BERMUDAN68:46W273N65W20.00-2NWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000260433
1770-10-02T15:0027.57-49.281081.0BERMUDAN68:40W268N72W19.00-5ESELIGHT AIRSFINE WEATHER, AT 9 THICK AND HAZY0000000260434
1770-10-03T15:0027.52-50.733551.0BERMUDAN66:20W244S85W77.00-5NLIGHT AIRSCLEAR WEATHER0000000260435
1770-10-04T16:0027.72-52.573576.7BERMUDAN63:55W214N83W109.00-3NMODERATE BREEZESFINE WEATHER0000000260436
1770-10-05T16:0028.08-53.82652.6BERMUDAN65W191N71W70.00-3ENELIGHT BREEZESFINE CLEAR WEATHER0000000260437
1770-10-06T16:0028.33-54.531106.7BERMUDAN62:27W178N71W42.00-3N, ESEMODERATEFINE WEATHER0000000260438
1770-10-07T16:0028.83-55.721771.0BERMUDAN62:27W154N63W71.00-3SLIGHT AIRSFINE WEATHER0000000260439
1770-10-08T16:0029.77-57.671786.7BERMUDAN63:19W118N59W119.00-2SMODERATE BREEZESLIGHTNING FROM THE WESTWARDCLOUDY0000100260440
1770-10-09T16:0031.25-60.382689.3BERMUDAN66:46W59N59W176.00-2WFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000260441
1770-10-10T16:0032.32-63.232146.7BERMUDAN74:59W8N65W151.000SW, SWBSMODERATE BREEZESFAIR WEATHER0000000260442
1770-10-11T16:0033.43-65.381766.7LONG ISLANDN38:26W189N55W106.00-4SMODERATE BREEZES, AM MODERATEHAZY WEATHER, AM CLOUDY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation260443
1770-10-12T17:0035.23-69.451789.3LONG ISLANDN24:53W113227.00-2SFRESH BREEZESCLOUSY WEATHER0000000260444
1770-10-13T17:0037.05-71.0236219.0SANDY HOOKN36:25W85134.00-2VARIABLEFRESH GALES, AT 530 SQUALLYAT 530 THUNDER AND LIGHTNINGCLOUDY WEATHER0000100260445
1770-10-14T17:0037.58-72.8235615.4SANDY HOOKN21:11W6292.00-4NMODERATE GALESCLEAR WEATHER0000000260446
1770-10-15T17:0038.60-73.422446.7SANDY HOOKN19:02W3968.00-4ENE, WSWMODERATE BREEZES, PM LIGHT AIRSFINE CLEAR WEATHER0000000260447
1770-10-16T17:0039.62-73.903569.3SANDY HOOKN1981.00-4NFRESH BREEZESFINE WEATHER0000000260448
1770-10-17T00:0040.233606.7THE EXTREMES OF THE LANDN1/2W TO SWBS21NMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000260449
1770-10-18T00:00909.3THE BLUFF END OF STATEN ISLANDNBW11EFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000260450
1770-10-19T00:001801.0NEW YORK STEEPLENE1/2ESSW, SLIGHT AIRSHAZY WEATHER0000000260451