Not logged in
PANGAEA.
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Twee Cornelissen cruise from Batavia to St. Helena started at 1844-04-19 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752553, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS CitationBibTeX CitationShow MapGoogle Earth

Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -27.667467 * Median Longitude: 39.348667 * South-bound Latitude: -38.050000 * West-bound Longitude: -6.170000 * North-bound Latitude: -7.400000 * East-bound Longitude: 102.370000
Date/Time Start: 1844-04-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1844-07-06T00:00:00
Event(s):
Twee_Cornelissen_18440419_M_REIS_24_P32-48 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1844-04-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1844-07-06T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Twee Cornelissen, Voyage: Batavia - St. Helena, 1st Observer: S. Veenstra, Company: MER
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
11 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
12 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
13 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
14 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
19 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
21 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
22 Present weatherwwWeather description
23 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
24 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
25 Cloud typeCloud type
26 Cloud direction descriptionCloud dir descr
27 ClearnessClearness
28 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
29 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
30 FogFog1 If fog was reported
31 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
32 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
33 HailHail1 If hail was reported
34 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
35 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1663 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
11 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
12 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
13 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
14 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
19 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
20 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
21 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
22 
ww
(Weather description)
23 
Precip descr
24 
State sea descr
25 
Cloud type
26 
Cloud dir descr
27 
Clearness
28 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
29 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
30 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
31 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
32 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
33 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
34 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
35 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1844-04-19T00:00232.61015.330.0ZUTPHEN EILANDZVM8286.0029.98NNO2V000000000260265
1844-04-20T00:001801.01014.630.0CRACATAMN 3/4 ZVM8186.0029.96Z1V05, V000000000260266
1844-04-21T00:001139.31015.330.6CRAKATAMWTO ZOPRINSEN PIEKZO 3/4 OVM8587.0029.98OZO5V010000000260267
1844-04-22T05:00-7.40102.3713612.31014.629.4VM81685.0029.96ZO6W001000000260268
1844-04-23T05:00-8.93100.051359.31013.328.9VM80584.0029.92ZO5V040000000260269
1844-04-24T06:00-10.3397.381129.31014.028.9VM8-1584.0029.94OZO5V010000000260270
1844-04-25T06:00-11.6894.38899.31014.029.4VM8-1585.0029.94O5V000000000260271
1844-04-26T06:00-13.3591.921109.31014.028.3VM8-3583.0029.94OZO5V010000000260272
1844-04-27T06:00-14.4789.701219.31014.028.9VM8-3584.0029.94ZOTO5V040000000260273
1844-04-28T06:00-15.5787.151109.31014.328.9VM8-3584.0029.95OZO5V010000000260274
1844-04-29T06:00-16.3784.42989.31014.628.3VM8-3583.0029.96OTZ5V04, V000000000260275
1844-04-30T07:00-17.0781.82979.31014.628.3VM8-4583.0029.96OTZ5V040000000260276
1844-05-01T07:00-18.1279.38849.31016.028.3VM8-6583.0030.00O5V000000000260277
1844-05-02T07:00-18.8877.451069.31014.627.8VM8-7582.0029.96OZO5V010000000260278
1844-05-03T07:00-19.9874.371069.31016.027.8VM8-7582.0030.00OZO5H000000000260279
1844-05-04T07:00-21.0571.75616.71017.727.8VM8-7482.0030.05ONO4V010000000260280
1844-05-05T07:00-21.9070.201174.61019.428.3VM8-7383.0030.10ZOTO3V010000000260281
1844-05-06T07:00-22.1569.1333112.31018.727.8VM8-7682.0030.08NNW6W001000000260282
1844-05-07T08:00-22.9367.102024.61018.028.3VM8-12383.0030.06ZWTZ3V04, V050000000260283
1844-05-08T08:00-23.3066.521796.71017.325.6VM8-12478.0030.04ZTW4V050000000260284
1844-05-09T08:00-23.2064.771126.71020.025.0VM8-12477.0030.12ZOTO4V05, V010000000260285
1844-05-10T08:00-23.4762.971236.71020.424.4VM8-12476.0030.13ZO4V000000000260286
1844-05-11T08:00-24.2360.40559.31020.425.6VM8-13578.0030.13ONO5V050000000260287
1844-05-12T08:00-25.3357.9734712.325.6VM8-13678.00NS00, Z6W41W20V060100100260288
1844-05-13T10:00-26.4735.171574.61018.025.6VM8-23378.0030.06WZW, Z3V05, V010000000260289
1844-05-14T08:00-27.5554.032062.61015.324.4VM8-19276.0029.98ZW2V060000000260290
1844-05-15T08:00-27.0252.631886.71019.423.9VM8-15475.0030.10ZO, ZZW4V000000000260291
1844-05-16T09:00-26.6350.85629.31022.824.4VM8-17576.0030.20OTN5V01, V000000000260292
1844-05-17T09:00-26.9049.08519.31022.824.4VM8-17576.0030.20ONO5V000000000260293
1844-05-18T09:00-27.4746.90496.71023.425.0VM8-19477.0030.22ONO4V000000000260294
1844-05-19T09:00-28.3344.471914.61022.124.4VM8-23376.0030.18NTW, ZWTZ3W20V01, V000100000260295
1844-05-20T09:00-28.8242.581462.61019.425.0VM8-23277.0030.10ZTO2V010000000260296
1844-05-21T09:00-28.9541.50896.71022.825.0VM8-24477.0030.20OZO4V04, V050000000260297
1844-05-22T09:00-29.3239.773622.61022.826.7VM8-24280.0030.20VARIABLE2V050000000260298
1844-05-23T09:00-29.0738.632019.31019.425.0VM8-24577.0030.10ZW5V04, V000000000260299
1844-05-24T10:00-28.2536.701546.71018.725.6VM8-26478.0030.08Z4V000000000260300
1844-05-25T10:00-28.2734.98539.31019.424.4VM8-26576.0030.10OTN5V05, V010000000260301
1844-05-26T10:00-29.9234.1333419.01022.823.9VM8-26875.0030.20NNO-N8V10, V03, OPW LNW0000000260302
1844-05-27T10:00-32.2532.001982.61016.025.0VM8-27277.0030.00ZZO, ZW2W01V031000000260303
1844-05-28T10:00-32.5831.452861.01019.423.9VM8-29175.0030.10NW1V000000000260304
1844-05-29T10:00-32.4230.722434.61021.124.4VM8-27376.0030.15W3V01, V06, OPW L0000000260305
1844-05-30T10:00-33.4530.5512919.01016.723.9VM8-29875.0030.02ZZO8W01V05, OPW L IN T ZUIDEN1000000260306
1844-05-31T10:00-33.4830.2017419.01011.923.9VM8-29875.0029.88ZZWS01, Z8V030000000260307
1844-06-01T10:00-33.2030.3836212.31026.123.9VM8-29675.0030.30VARIABLE6V010000000260308
1844-06-02T10:00-34.1828.653621018.718.3VM8-2965.0030.08VARIABLEV01, V000000000260309
1844-06-03T10:00-34.3027.7220712.31022.818.9VM8-29666.0030.20ZWTW6V00, V050000000260310
1844-06-04T10:00-35.5323.8335412.31017.319.4VM8-29667.0030.04NNO6V000000000260311
1844-06-05T11:00-35.6822.4527512.31017.721.1VM8-29670.0030.05NWTW6W01W20V051100000260312
1844-06-06T11:00-37.1021.0027522.61005.821.7VM8-29971.0029.70NWTW9W02Z011000000260313
1844-06-07T11:00-37.5720.4224019.01007.921.1VM8-30870.0029.76W8Z00V030000000260314
1844-06-08T11:00-38.0019.7827422.61011.618.9VM8-30966.0029.87NWTW9W01Z01STORMLUCHT1000000260315
1844-06-09T11:00-38.0319.3826326.8997.418.3VM8-301065.0029.45WNW10W31, W01W20, W26Z02V131100110260316
1844-06-10T11:00-38.0519.9724019.0995.717.8VM8-30864.0029.40W8V03, V010000000260317
1844-06-11T11:00-37.5819.0729619.01009.216.7VM8-30862.0029.80NWTN8V10, V04, V000000000260318
1844-06-12T11:00-36.2320.0026419.01014.315.6VM8-29860.0029.95WNW8V00H010000000260319
1844-06-13T11:00-35.7520.9025219.01010.918.3VM8-29865.0029.85WTN8V050000000260320
1844-06-14T11:00-35.0221.0724119.01014.318.3VM8-29865.0029.95W8W20V060100000260321
1844-06-15T11:00-35.7520.9819622.61011.217.8VM8-29964.0029.86ZW9W00V031000000260322
1844-06-16T11:00-35.6820.781964.61017.718.3VM8-29365.0030.05ZW3V010000000260323
1844-06-17T11:00-35.2219.8524115.41027.818.3VM8-29765.0030.35WTN, W7V050000000260324
1844-06-18T11:00-35.0819.802522.61022.818.3VM8-29265.0030.20WTN2V000000000260325
1844-06-19T11:00-35.6319.871511.01024.117.8VM8-29164.0030.24Z1V000000000260326
1844-06-20T11:00-35.7319.672646.71022.817.8VM8-29464.0030.20NO, WNW4V050000000260327
1844-06-21T11:00-35.6717.153216.71020.017.8VM8-28464.0030.12NTW4V050000000260328
1844-06-22T11:00-35.9216.4728712.31022.818.9VM8-28666.0030.20NW6V05, V030000000260329
1844-06-23T11:00-35.9315.801074.61020.018.3VM8-28365.0030.12W, ZO3W20V050100000260330
1844-06-24T11:00-35.2015.68859.31026.118.3VM8-28565.0030.30OZO5V000000000260331
1844-06-25T11:00-34.1013.532651029.518.3VM8-2865.0030.40WNWV000000000260332
1844-06-26T11:00-32.9710.882666.71019.419.4VM8-27467.0030.10WNW4V04, V000000000260333
1844-06-27T11:00-30.8311.281769.31022.818.9VM8-27566.0030.20ZZW5V050000000260334
1844-06-28T11:00-28.079.021199.31022.818.9VM8-27566.0030.20ZOTZ5W20V05, V100100000260335
1844-06-29T12:00-26.536.201209.31022.818.9VM8-26566.0030.20ZOTZ5V05, V010000000260336
1844-06-30T12:00-25.023.601099.31024.118.3VM8-26565.0030.24ZO5V01, V00, V050000000260337
1844-07-01T12:00-23.301.671119.31024.119.4VM8-24567.0030.24ZO5V050000000260338
1844-07-02T12:00-21.43-0.0211112.31026.121.1VM8-24670.0030.30ZO6W00V05, V101000000260339
1844-07-03T12:00-19.98-2.4211112.31026.121.1VM8-24670.0030.30ZO6W00V05, V101000000260340
1844-07-04T12:00-17.92-4.631021026.122.8VM8-2273.0030.30ZOTOV050000000260341
1844-07-05T12:00-16.02-6.171131026.823.3VM8-2274.0030.32ZO0000000260342
1844-07-06T00:001VM80000000260343