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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Twee Cornelissen cruise from Texel to Batavia started at 1836-10-31 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752550, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 1.191316 * Median Longitude: 15.198596 * South-bound Latitude: -41.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -34.230000 * North-bound Latitude: 53.650000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.900000
Date/Time Start: 1836-10-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1837-03-21T00:00:00
Event(s):
Twee_Cornelissen_18361031_C_REIS_18_P237-242 * Latitude Start: 53.090000 * Longitude Start: 4.670000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1836-10-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1837-03-21T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Twee Cornelissen (Fregat), Voyage: Texel - Batavia, 1st Observer: S. Veenstra (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
11 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
12 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
13 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
14 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
19 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
21 Present weatherwwWeather description
22 Cloud typeCloud type
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2415 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
11 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
12 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
13 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
14 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
19 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
20 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
21 
ww
(Weather description)
22 
Cloud type
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1836-10-31T00:001011.66.11VM843.0029.870000000259825
1836-11-01T12:0051.923.5524912.31012.610.01VM8-21650.0029.90W60000000259826
1836-11-02T12:0052.382.352704.61007.212.21VM8-23354.0029.74WNW30000000259827
1836-11-03T12:0051.071.8822522.61006.812.81VM8-23955.0029.73WZW90000000259828
1836-11-04T12:0051.331.7022522.6992.312.21VM8-23954.0029.30WZW90000000259829
1836-11-05T12:0052.722.7827119.0980.410.01VM8-22850.0028.95WNW80000000259830
1836-11-06T12:0053.323.4322612.3988.98.91VM8-22648.0029.20WZW60000000259831
1836-11-07T12:0053.353.3327115.4992.39.41VM8-22749.0029.30WNW70000000259832
1836-11-08T12:0051.932.382254.61010.99.41VM8-23349.0029.85WZW30000000259833
1836-11-09T00:0018015.41012.610.6Z-VOORLANDWTZCALAISZZO1VM8751.0029.90Z70000000259834
1836-11-10T12:0051.923.2020415.4999.110.01VM8-21750.0029.50ZW70000000259835
1836-11-11T12:0052.252.0011219.0996.311.71VM8-23853.0029.42ZO80000000259836
1836-11-12T12:0052.873.0211319.01004.811.71VM8-22853.0029.67ZO80000000259837
1836-11-13T12:0052.353.3724926.81001.811.71VM8-211053.0029.58W100000000259838
1836-11-14T12:0053.102.9724819.0995.711.11VM8-22852.0029.40W80000000259839
1836-11-15T12:0051.432.2727019.01007.510.01VM8-23850.0029.75WNW80000000259840
1836-11-16T12:0052.002.4518019.01010.911.71VM8-23853.0029.85ZZW80000000259841
1836-11-17T12:0051.852.182252.6992.310.61VM8-23251.0029.30WZW20000000259842
1836-11-18T12:0052.723.2327122.6977.011.11VM8-22952.0028.85WNW90000000259843
1836-11-19T12:0053.652.671366.7985.58.31VM8-22447.0029.10ZZO4W30, ZW0000100259844
1836-11-20T12:0051.882.453379.31002.47.21VM8-23545.0029.60N50000000259845
1836-11-21T12:0050.30-1.302026.71016.77.81VM8-23446.0030.02ZW40000000259846
1836-11-22T12:0050.12-2.682232.61009.210.01VM8-25250.0029.80WZW20000000259847
1836-11-23T12:0050.28-2.5524522.6995.010.01VM8-25950.0029.38W90000000259848
1836-11-24T12:0050.32-2.082926.7997.411.71VM8-23453.0029.45NW40000000259849
1836-11-25T12:0050.33-2.9320012.31004.111.11VM8-25652.0029.65ZW60000000259850
1836-11-26T12:0049.90-3.4820015.4990.611.71VM8-25753.0029.25ZW70000000259851
1836-11-27T12:0049.93-3.2020015.4997.412.21VM8-25754.0029.45ZW70000000259852
1836-11-28T12:0050.18-3.4220030.9988.915.01VM8-251159.0029.20ZW110000000259853
1836-11-29T12:0050.18-1.3218019.0985.513.31VM8-23856.0029.10ZZW80000000259854
1836-11-30T00:001VM80000000259855
1836-12-23T00:00236.71005.88.31VM8447.0029.70NNO40000000259856
1836-12-24T12:0048.17-7.03206.71002.47.2VM8-25445.0029.60NO40000000259857
1836-12-25T13:0045.15-10.7535812.31005.87.2VM8-25645.0029.70NNO60000000259858
1836-12-26T13:0041.97-13.133156.71005.88.9VM8-23448.0029.70NNW40000000259859
1836-12-27T13:0039.47-14.423156.71005.88.9VM8-23448.0029.70NNW40000000259860
1836-12-28T13:0037.33-15.052714.61004.18.9VM8-22348.0029.65WNW30000000259861
1836-12-29T13:0035.53-16.431134.61007.912.8VM8-22355.0029.76ZO30000000259862
1836-12-30T13:0033.07-17.501139.31009.215.6VM8-22560.0029.80ZO50000000259863
1836-12-31T13:0030.07-19.001836.7999.120.0VM8-20468.0029.50ZZW40000000259864
1837-01-01T13:0030.17-19.452504.6995.721.1VM8-20370.0029.40W30000000259865
1837-01-02T13:0027.68-19.103402.61014.321.1VM8-20270.0029.95N20000000259866
1837-01-03T05:0026.95-19.5020615.41016.021.1HW8-19770.0030.00ZW70000000259867
1837-01-04T13:0025.32-20.702069.31010.921.1VM8-19570.0029.85ZW50000000259868
1837-01-05T13:0022.90-20.233419.31014.321.1VM8-19570.0029.95N5GRENS DER NO-PASSAAT OM DE NOORD.0000000259869
1837-01-06T13:0020.45-20.28279.31019.423.3VM8-18574.0030.10NO50000000259870
1837-01-07T13:0017.25-20.4759.31014.323.3VM8-18574.0029.95NNO50000000259871
1837-01-08T13:0013.90-20.43279.31014.323.3VM8-18574.0029.95NO50000000259872
1837-01-09T13:0010.80-20.45289.31012.626.7VM8-17580.0029.90NO50000000259873
1837-01-10T13:008.13-20.42289.31012.627.8VM8-17582.0029.90NO50000000259874
1837-01-11T13:005.57-19.771429.31010.227.8VM8-16582.0029.83ZZO50000000259875
1837-01-12T13:004.58-20.82749.31010.927.8VM8-16582.0029.85O50000000259876
1837-01-13T13:004.22-21.751872.61010.928.9VM8-16284.0029.85ZZW20000000259877
1837-01-14T13:003.87-22.32741.01012.629.4VM8-16185.0029.90O10000000259878
1837-01-15T13:003.27-21.801192.61012.629.4VM8-16285.0029.90ZO20000000259879
1837-01-16T14:002.38-22.751444.61012.628.9VM8-14384.0029.90ZZO30000000259880
1837-01-17T14:000.38-24.371449.31012.628.9VM8-14584.0029.90ZZO50000000259881
1837-01-18T14:00-2.43-26.421449.31012.627.8VM8-14582.0029.90ZZO50000000259882
1837-01-19T14:00-5.00-28.651259.31012.627.8VM8-10582.0029.90ZO50000000259883
1837-01-20T14:00-8.28-30.451499.31011.227.2VM8-9581.0029.86ZZO50000000259884
1837-01-21T14:00-11.37-32.331049.31014.328.9VM8-9584.0029.95OZO50000000259885
1837-01-22T14:00-14.30-33.081089.31015.028.9VM8-5584.0029.97OZO50000000259886
1837-01-23T14:00-17.22-34.00859.31012.628.9VM8-5584.0029.90O50000000259887
1837-01-24T14:00-19.50-34.23869.31012.628.9VM8-4584.0029.90O50000000259888
1837-01-25T14:00-22.52-33.88879.31012.628.9VM8-3584.0029.90O50000000259889
1837-01-26T14:00-25.33-32.03386.71012.627.8VM8-7482.0029.90NO40000000259890
1837-01-27T14:00-27.38-31.373314.61012.627.8VM8-7382.0029.90NNW3V04. BEWOLKT0000000259891
1837-01-28T14:00-29.00-29.50186.71012.627.8VM8-5482.0029.90NNO40000000259892
1837-01-29T14:00-30.67-27.303296.71012.627.8VM8-9482.0029.90NNW40000000259893
1837-01-30T14:00-32.58-23.682864.61014.326.7VM8-7380.0029.95WNW30000000259894
1837-01-31T13:00-33.73-20.731704.61022.825.6VM8-10378.0030.20Z30000000259895
1837-02-01T13:00-34.18-17.271454.61024.121.1VM8-13370.0030.24ZZO30000000259896
1837-02-02T13:00-34.90-14.272124.61022.820.0VM8-13368.0030.20ZW30000000259897
1837-02-03T13:00-36.87-10.281869.31011.919.4VM8-17567.0029.88ZZW50000000259898
1837-02-04T13:00-37.48-7.622539.31022.820.6VM8-17569.0030.20W50000000259899
1837-02-05T12:00-37.95-4.882974.61016.017.8VM8-18364.0030.00NW30000000259900
1837-02-06T12:00-38.37-2.752756.71016.020.0VM8-18468.0030.00WNW40000000259901
1837-02-07T12:00-38.651.632049.31016.016.1VM8-21561.0030.00ZW50000000259902
1837-02-08T12:00-38.905.072696.71017.715.6VM8-24460.0030.05WNW40000000259903
1837-02-09T11:00-39.258.3228912.31016.018.9VM8-26666.0030.00NW60000000259904
1837-02-10T11:00-39.8213.9028712.31009.218.9VM8-28666.0029.80NW60000000259905
1837-02-11T11:00-40.0319.371964.61012.619.4VM8-29367.0029.90ZW30000000259906
1837-02-12T10:00-39.8823.082639.31016.721.1VM8-30570.0030.02WNW50000000259907
1837-02-13T10:00-39.8026.972854.61014.318.9VM8-30366.0029.95NW30000000259908
1837-02-14T10:00-39.9730.431286.71017.718.9VM8-30466.0030.05ZZO40000000259909
1837-02-15T10:00-38.4033.67389.31019.419.4VM8-30567.0030.10ONO50000000259910
1837-02-16T10:00-40.3736.7315012.31008.520.6VM8-30669.0029.78LOOPT DE WIND IN ZEER KORTE TIJD N-Z.60000000259911
1837-02-17T09:00-40.0741.103812.31012.618.9VM8-30666.0029.90ONO60000000259912
1837-02-18T09:00-40.0343.693099.31007.520.0VM8-29568.0029.75NNW50000000259913
1837-02-19T09:00-40.5746.28611004.120.6VM8-2969.0029.65O0000000259914
1837-02-20T09:00-40.8749.532879.31000.718.9VM8-28566.0029.55NW50000000259915
1837-02-21T08:00-40.0052.771319.31016.018.9VM8-27566.0030.00ZZO50000000259916
1837-02-22T08:00-38.4555.678612.31026.115.6VM8-27660.0030.30OZO60000000259917
1837-02-23T08:00-38.4056.63634.61022.818.9VM8-27366.0030.20O30000000259918
1837-02-24T08:00-39.7056.08632.61021.118.3VM8-27265.0030.15O20000000259919
1837-02-25T08:00-40.3258.252896.71019.420.0VM8-26468.0030.10NW40000000259920
1837-02-26T08:00-40.6561.552899.31016.021.7VM8-26571.0030.00NW50000000259921
1837-02-27T08:00-41.0066.422459.31010.921.1VM8-25570.0029.85W50000000259922
1837-02-28T07:00-40.6870.102014.61012.618.9VM8-24366.0029.90ZW30000000259923
1837-03-01T07:00-40.6772.052919.31017.718.3VM8-24565.0030.05NW50000000259924
1837-03-02T07:00-40.3576.352929.31012.617.2VM8-23563.0029.90NW50000000259925
1837-03-03T07:00-39.4879.3331712.31019.420.0VM8-21668.0030.10NNW60000000259926
1837-03-04T06:00-38.2284.052959.31022.820.0VM8-20568.0030.20NW50000000259927
1837-03-05T06:00-37.4087.003239.31022.820.0VM8-15568.0030.20NNW50000000259928
1837-03-06T06:00-36.5890.503019.31019.422.2VM8-14572.0030.10NW50000000259929
1837-03-07T06:00-34.0094.002126.71009.221.7VM8-13471.0029.80ZW40000000259930
1837-03-08T06:00-30.5795.681046.71013.323.3VM8-9474.0029.92OZO40000000259931
1837-03-09T06:00-27.9796.00596.71020.422.2VM8-9472.0030.13ONO40000000259932
1837-03-10T05:00-25.4797.67624.61019.422.2VM8-6372.0030.10ONO30000000259933
1837-03-11T05:00-22.7298.001079.31018.023.3VM8-6574.0030.06OZO50000000259934
1837-03-12T05:00-20.3599.031094.61016.724.4VM8-4376.0030.02OZO30000000259935
1837-03-13T05:00-18.30100.071096.71014.624.4VM8-4476.0029.96OZO40000000259936
1837-03-14T05:00-15.92101.381116.71009.225.6VM8-2478.0029.80OZO40000000259937
1837-03-15T05:00-13.07102.601116.71009.228.9VM8-2484.0029.80OZO40000000259938
1837-03-16T05:00-10.68103.13909.31009.930.0VM80586.0029.82O50000000259939
1837-03-17T05:00-8.42103.82904.61011.230.0VM80386.0029.86O30000000259940
1837-03-18T05:00-7.03104.23916.71010.930.0VM81486.0029.85O40000000259941
1837-03-19T05:00-6.28104.901146.71010.631.1VM81488.0029.84OZO40000000259942
1837-03-20T00:00-6.08684.61010.630.6KRAKATAUO1/2ZPRINSENEILANDZTO1/2OVM8387.0029.84ONO30000000259943
1837-03-21T00:001009.930.6VM887.0029.820000000259944