García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during TIGRIS cruise from St. Helena to The Downs started at 1813-03-14 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752493, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 13.194386 * Median Longitude: -23.728772 * South-bound Latitude: -14.400000 * West-bound Longitude: -36.700000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.330000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.050000
Date/Time Start: 1813-03-14T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1813-05-09T13:00:00
Event(s):
Tigris_18130314_BL_L/MAR/B/219F * Latitude Start: -15.890000 * Longitude Start: -5.750000 * Latitude End: 47.720000 * Longitude End: -5.280000 * Date/Time Start: 1813-03-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1813-05-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Tigris, Voyage: St Helena - Downs, 1st Observer: Dugald Macdougall (Captain), Company: EIC
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
922 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1813-03-14T12:00 | -14.40 | -7.05 | 116 | 9.3 | N41W | 106.00 | -19 | SE | MODERATE TRADE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255315 | ||||||
| 1813-03-15T13:00 | -13.25 | -8.10 | 129 | 6.7 | N41W | -17 | SEBS | LIGHT PLEASANT BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255316 | ||||||||
| 1813-03-16T13:00 | -12.37 | -9.20 | 129 | 6.7 | N47W | 77.00 | -17 | SE, SEBS | LIGHT BREEZES, LIGHT TRADE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255317 | ||||||
| 1813-03-17T13:00 | -11.37 | -10.22 | 118 | 6.7 | N45W | 88.00 | -17 | SE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255318 | ||||||
| 1813-03-18T13:00 | -10.15 | -11.97 | 107 | 6.7 | N45W | 101.00 | -17 | SEBE, SEBE | MODERATE | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255319 | ||||||
| 1813-03-19T13:00 | -8.65 | -13.47 | 109 | 9.3 | N40W | 110.00 | -15 | SEBE | STEADY BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255320 | ||||||
| 1813-03-20T13:00 | -7.73 | -14.13 | 143 | SUGAR LOAF HILL | SE1/4S | 12 | N55W | 77.00 | -15 | SEBE, SSE | RAIN AT TIMES | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255321 | ||||
| 1813-03-21T13:00 | -6.58 | -15.92 | 120 | 9.3 | N45W | 123.00 | -15 | SE | STEADY BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | FIRST PART RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255322 | |||||
| 1813-03-22T13:00 | -5.37 | -16.47 | 131 | 2.6 | N44W | 98.00 | -15 | SSE, SE, SEBS | LIGHT WINDS | HOT SULTRY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255323 | ||||||
| 1813-03-23T13:00 | -4.02 | -18.37 | 156 | 9.3 | N44W | 98.00 | -13 | SSE, SBE | PLEASANT TRADE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255324 | ||||||
| 1813-03-24T13:00 | -2.80 | -19.80 | 156 | 2.6 | N23W | 68.00 | -13 | SBE | LIGHT BREEZES | SULTRY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255325 | ||||||
| 1813-03-25T13:00 | -1.50 | -20.27 | 110 | 2.6 | N11W | 66.00 | -14 | SSE, SEBE | LIGHT BREEZES | SULTRY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255326 | ||||||
| 1813-03-26T13:00 | 0.10 | -20.20 | 144 | 2.6 | N | 71.00 | -14 | SEBE, SBE, SSE | LIGHT WINDS | MIDDLE SMALL RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255327 | |||||
| 1813-03-27T13:00 | 1.12 | -20.33 | 222 | 2.6 | N6W | 40.00 | -14 | SBE, SW, SWBW | LIGHT BREEZES | RAIN AT TIMES | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 255328 | |||||
| 1813-03-28T13:00 | 1.88 | -19.88 | 324 | N4E | 47.00 | -14 | SWBW, SE, SBE, NWBN, NNW | VARIABLE | UNSETTLED | MIDDLE RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255329 | |||||
| 1813-03-29T13:00 | 2.28 | -19.98 | 256 | 1.0 | N | 15.00 | -14 | NW, TO, NE, W | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CALM, LATTER LIGHT AIRS | HOT SULTRY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255330 | ||||||
| 1813-03-30T13:00 | 2.77 | -19.43 | 362 | N48W | 45.00 | -14 | WNW, NWBN, NBW, VARIABLE | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER VARIABLE WITH SQUALLS | HEAVY WEATHER | MIDDLE RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 255331 | ||||||
| 1813-03-31T13:00 | 3.28 | -19.20 | 301 | N44E | 44.00 | -14 | VARIABLE, WBN, NWBW, NW | VARIABLE AND LIGHT AIRS | UNSETTLED | RAIN AT TIMES | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255332 | |||||
| 1813-04-01T13:00 | 4.27 | -18.97 | 279 | 1.0 | N16E | 49.00 | -14 | NWBW, SW, SE, WBN, WNW | LIGHT VARIABLE AIRS AND SQUALLY | LATTER HARD RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255333 | |||||
| 1813-04-02T13:00 | 3.95 | -19.37 | 362 | 1.0 | N51W | 42.00 | -14 | N, NBW, NE, VARIABLE | LIGHT AIRS | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255334 | |||||
| 1813-04-03T13:00 | 4.18 | -20.47 | 20 | 9.3 | N49W | 69.00 | -14 | VARIABLE, NE, NEBE, NEBN | FIRST AND MIDDL EPARTS VARIABLE WINDS AND SQUALLY, LATTER STEADY BREEZES | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255335 | |||||
| 1813-04-04T13:00 | 4.92 | -21.98 | 9 | 9.3 | N12W | 93.00 | -14 | NE, NBE, NNE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255336 | ||||||
| 1813-04-05T13:00 | 5.22 | -22.37 | 20 | N5E | 56.00 | -14 | NNE, NEBN | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255337 | ||||||||
| 1813-04-06T13:00 | 5.80 | -22.32 | 31 | 12.3 | N48W | 46.00 | -14 | NEBN, NE | FRESH TRADE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 255338 | ||||||
| 1813-04-07T14:00 | 6.13 | -23.34 | 44 | 6.7 | N53W | 102.00 | -12 | NE, NEBE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255339 | ||||||
| 1813-04-08T14:00 | 6.47 | -24.37 | 44 | 12.3 | N63W | 66.00 | -12 | NEBE, NEBE | FRESH TRADE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255340 | ||||||
| 1813-04-09T14:00 | 7.65 | -27.07 | 43 | 12.3 | N43W | 93.00 | -13 | NE, NEBE | STEADY TRADE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255341 | ||||||
| 1813-04-10T14:00 | 8.38 | -28.57 | 35 | 9.3 | N52W | 106.00 | -10 | NEBE, NE | PLEASANT TRADE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255342 | ||||||
| 1813-04-11T14:00 | 9.78 | -29.85 | 58 | 9.3 | N36W | 106.00 | -10 | NEBE, ENE | FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255343 | ||||||
| 1813-04-12T14:00 | 11.00 | -31.08 | 46 | 9.3 | N37W | 106.00 | -10 | ENE, NEBE | FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255344 | ||||||
| 1813-04-13T14:00 | 12.43 | -32.15 | 46 | 12.3 | N38W | 105.00 | -10 | ENE, NEBE | FRESH TRADE | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255345 | ||||||
| 1813-04-14T14:00 | 13.80 | -33.40 | 47 | 6.7 | N36W | 101.00 | -9 | NEBE, NEBE | MODERATE BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255346 | ||||||
| 1813-04-15T14:00 | 15.27 | -34.33 | 70 | 9.3 | N25W | 106.00 | -9 | ENE, EBN | PLEASANT TRADE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255347 | ||||||
| 1813-04-16T14:00 | 17.00 | -34.82 | 81 | 9.3 | N5W | 115.00 | -9 | EBN, E | PLEASANT TRADE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255348 | ||||||
| 1813-04-17T14:00 | 18.07 | -35.36 | 362 | 2.6 | N36W | 75.00 | -11 | EBN, ENE, VARIABLE | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255349 | ||||||
| 1813-04-18T14:00 | 18.23 | -35.90 | 362 | 1.0 | N62W | 46.00 | -11 | ENE, NEBE, VARIABLE | LIGHT AIRS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255350 | ||||||
| 1813-04-19T14:00 | 18.30 | -36.00 | 349 | 2.6 | N56W | 18.00 | -11 | NE, WNW, N | LIGHT VARIABLE WINDS AND CALMS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255351 | ||||||
| 1813-04-20T14:00 | 18.83 | -36.60 | 102 | 2.6 | N12W | 36.00 | -11 | NEBN, NE, ENE, ESE | FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255352 | |||||||
| 1813-04-21T14:00 | 19.52 | -36.37 | 79 | 2.6 | N13E | 45.00 | -11 | ESE, VARIABLE, E | LIGHT WINDS | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255353 | ||||||
| 1813-04-22T14:00 | 19.68 | -36.07 | 12 | 2.6 | N65E | 20.00 | -11 | NW, NNE | FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT VARIABLE WINDS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255354 | |||||||
| 1813-04-23T14:00 | 19.87 | -36.70 | 293 | 2.6 | N64W | 43.00 | -11 | NEBN, NNE, NBW, NWBW | LIGHT BREEZES | MIDDLE RAIN | HEAVY SWELL FROM NW | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255355 | ||||
| 1813-04-24T14:00 | 20.73 | -36.20 | 214 | 9.3 | N14E | 57.00 | -11 | NWBW, WBS, SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT VARIABLE AIRS, LATTER STEADY BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255356 | ||||||
| 1813-04-25T14:00 | 23.45 | -35.38 | 362 | 9.3 | N12E | 172.00 | -13 | SW, S, VARIABLE | STEADY BREEZES | MIDDLE RAIN | LONG SWELL FROM SW | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255357 | ||||
| 1813-04-26T14:00 | 25.53 | -34.68 | 212 | 8.7 | N12E | 142.00 | -13 | SW | STEADY DECREASING BREEZES WITH SQUALLS | RAIN AT TIMES | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255358 | |||||
| 1813-04-27T14:00 | 27.32 | -33.98 | 190 | 9.3 | N23E | 128.00 | -13 | SW, SSW | STEADY BREEZES | FAIR, HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255359 | ||||||
| 1813-04-28T14:00 | 29.42 | -33.42 | 210 | 9.3 | N21E | 128.00 | -15 | SW | FRESH BREEZES | SOME LIGHT SHOWERS | HAZY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255360 | |||||
| 1813-04-29T14:00 | 31.23 | -31.27 | 253 | 9.3 | N42E | 139.00 | -17 | WSW, W | STEADY BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255361 | ||||||
| 1813-04-30T14:00 | 32.40 | -28.67 | 242 | 9.3 | N63E | 158.00 | -17 | WBS | FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255362 | ||||||
| 1813-05-01T14:00 | 34.15 | -26.37 | 238 | N50E | 171.00 | -21 | W, WNW, WBS | SQUALLY | UNSETTLED | RAIN AT TIMES | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 255363 | ||||||
| 1813-05-02T14:00 | 36.25 | -23.22 | 294 | 9.3 | N50E | 166.00 | -21 | WBS, WNW, NWBW, NW | FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | FIRST PART HAZY, LATTER CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255364 | ||||||
| 1813-05-03T13:00 | 38.48 | -21.27 | 280 | 9.3 | N37E | 166.00 | -24 | WBN, WNW, WBS, NWBW | FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255365 | |||||
| 1813-05-04T13:00 | 40.68 | -19.17 | 235 | 22.6 | N36E | 154.00 | -24 | WNW, W, VARIABLE, WSW, WBS | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE INCREASING, LATTER BLOWING STRONG WITH HARD SQUALLS | LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 255366 | ||||||
| 1813-05-05T13:00 | 42.85 | -17.13 | 267 | 6.7 | N35E | 151.00 | -26 | WNW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS STRONG BREEZES, LATTER MORE MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS RAIN AT TIMES | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255367 | ||||||
| 1813-05-06T13:00 | 45.17 | -14.83 | 233 | 9.3 | N35E | 150.00 | -26 | NWBN, WBN, WBS | STEADY BREEZES | MOSTLY FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255368 | ||||||
| 1813-05-07T13:00 | 46.52 | -13.53 | 199 | 6.7 | N34E | 92.00 | -26 | W, SWBW, SW, SEBS, SW | MODERATE | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER THICK HAZY WE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255369 | ||||||
| 1813-05-08T13:00 | 47.58 | -11.90 | 153 | 6.7 | N36E | 79.00 | -27 | SWBW, WSW, S | MODERATE BREEZES | SMALL RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255370 | |||||
| 1813-05-09T13:00 | 48.33 | -10.07 | 232 | 2.6 | -27 | SBE, SSW, WSW, WBS | LIGHT BREEZES | THICK FOGGY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255371 |