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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during TERNATE cruise from San Francisco to Kema started at 1852-05-19 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752453, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 14.449130 * Median Longitude: 172.534928 * South-bound Latitude: 0.630000 * West-bound Longitude: 125.300000 * North-bound Latitude: 36.800000 * East-bound Longitude: -123.480000
Date/Time Start: 1852-05-19T20:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1852-07-27T04:00:00
Event(s):
Ternate_18520519_C_REIS_1B_P7-36 * Latitude Start: 36.800000 * Longitude Start: -123.480000 * Latitude End: 1.520000 * Longitude End: 125.300000 * Date/Time Start: 1852-05-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1852-07-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Ternate (Bark), Voyage: San Francisco - Kema, 1st Observer: F.C. Cars (Kapitein), Other ship information: 520 TON. GEBOUWD IN 1831 TE KINDERDIJK. VERBOUWD IN 1841 TE KINDERDIJK. 1854 IN VEILING TE ROTTERDAM. IN 1855 GESTRAND EN VERBRIJZELD BIJ SAVANNAH IN DIKKE MIST. DE EQUIPAGE ZOOMEDE EEN KLEIN GEDEELtE DER INVENTARIS IS GEBORGEN.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
11 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
12 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
13 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
17 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 Present weatherwwWeather description
20 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
21 Cloud typeCloud type
22 ClearnessClearness
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 CommentComment
31 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1386 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
11 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
12 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
13 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
14 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
17 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
ww
(Weather description)
20 
Precip descr
21 
Cloud type
22 
Clearness
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
Comment
31 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1852-05-19T20:0036.80-123.482841.01023.817.8VM814164.0030.23W1HELDERE LUCHT0000000252180
1852-05-20T20:0035.93-124.233292.61023.417.8VM814264.0030.22NW2HELDERE LUCHT0000000252181
1852-05-21T20:0034.90-124.983522.61026.118.3VM814265.0030.30NNW2AFWISSELENDE LUCHTEN0000000252182
1852-05-22T20:0033.72-126.983621026.118.3VM81465.0030.30RONDLOPENDWOLKDRIJVENDE BETROKKEN LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252183
1852-05-23T21:0032.77-129.12362VM814RONDLOPENDBUIIGE LUCHTBETROKKEN LUCHT1000000252184
1852-05-24T21:0031.93-131.421926.7VM8124Z4STOFREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000252185
1852-05-25T21:0031.32-134.552374.6VM8123ZW3BETROKKEN LUCHT DIKKE REGENACHTIGE LUCHT0000000252186
1852-05-26T21:0030.07-135.302484.61019.419.4VM812367.0030.10ZWTW3REGENBETROKKEN OPWERKENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0100000252187
1852-05-27T21:0028.75-135.021702.61024.122.8VM812273.0030.24ZZO2REGENMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0100000252188
1852-05-28T21:0028.20-135.731702.61024.823.9VM812275.0030.26ZZO2MOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000252189
1852-05-29T21:0027.75-137.472822.61023.822.8VM812273.0030.23ZZW-W2OPWERKENDE WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252190
1852-05-30T21:0027.07-138.823482.6VM8102NNW2REGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0100000252191
1852-05-31T21:0025.75-140.22661.01025.523.9VM810175.0030.28N-NOTO1HELDERE LUCHT0000000252192
1852-06-01T21:0024.72-141.67662.6VM8102NOTO2PASSAATWEER0000000252193
1852-06-02T22:0023.88-143.57786.7VM8104ONO4PASSAATWEER0000000252194
1852-06-03T22:0022.70-146.081452.6VM8102ZO2REGENBEWOLKTE OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0100000252195
1852-06-04T22:0021.50-148.301432.6VM882ZO2WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation252196
1852-06-05T22:0020.30-150.60984.61025.525.6VM88378.0030.28O3PASSAATWEER0000000252197
1852-06-06T22:0018.93-152.80536.7VM884NO4BUIIGE LUCHTREGENHELDERE LUCHT1100000252198
1852-06-07T22:0017.65-155.25766.7VM884ONO4PASSAATWEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000252199
1852-06-08T23:0017.58-158.68776.7VM89ONOPASSAATWEERPASSAATWEER0000000252200
1852-06-09T23:0017.82-161.50886.71022.126.7VM8980.0030.18OTNPASSAATWEERPASSAATWEEROPWERKENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252201
1852-06-10T23:0017.82-164.05886.7VM894OTN4PASSAATWEER0000000252202
1852-06-11T23:0018.23-166.953626.71023.127.2VM8981.0030.21ONGELIJKPASSAATWEERPASSAATWEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252203
1852-06-12T23:0018.40-169.851006.7VM8104O4PASSAATWEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000252204
1852-06-14T00:0018.32-173.13556.7VM810O-NOPASSAATWEERPASSAATWEER0000000252205
1852-06-15T00:0018.13-176.05781022.827.8VM81082.0030.20NOTO-ONOBUIIGE LUCHTREGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100000252206
1852-06-16T00:0018.30-179.13902.61022.828.9VM811284.0030.20OTN2PASSAATWEERWOLKDRIJVENDEHELDERE LUCHT0000000252207
1852-06-17T00:0018.17177.82792.61022.128.9VM811284.0030.18ONO2BUIIGE LUCHT PASSAATWEERREGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100000252208
1852-06-18T00:0018.47174.68904.61021.728.3VM811383.0030.17OTN3PASSAATWEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252209
1852-06-19T01:0018.32171.881006.7VM8104ONO-O4PASSAATWEERLIGT WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000252210
1852-06-20T01:0017.95169.381004.61021.428.9VM810384.0030.16O3PASSAATWEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252211
1852-06-21T01:0017.28166.921102.61021.428.3VM89283.0030.16OTZ2BEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252212
1852-06-22T01:0016.72164.47994.61022.829.4VM89385.0030.20O3PASSAATWEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252213
1852-06-23T01:0015.68161.88986.7VM884O4BUIIGE LUCHTREGENAFSCHONENDE LUCHT1100000252214
1852-06-24T01:0014.87159.321096.7VM884OTZ4PASSAATWEER BUIIGE LUCHTWOLKDRIJVENDE BEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1000000252215
1852-06-25T02:0014.12157.00131VM87ZOTZ-ZOTOBUIIGE LUCHTREGENOPWERKENDE LUCHT1100000252216
1852-06-26T02:0013.45154.431426.71022.829.4VM87485.0030.20ZO4BUIIGE LUCHTREGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1100000252217
1852-06-27T02:0012.33151.451529.31019.029.4VM86585.0030.09Z-ZOTZ5BUIIGE LUCHTREGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1100000252218
1852-06-28T02:0011.85148.371522.61016.029.4VM86285.0030.00ZZO-ZOTZ2MOOI WEER BUIIGE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1000000252219
1852-06-29T02:0010.98146.583621.0VM841RONDLOPEND1MOOI WEER BUIIGE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1000000252220
1852-06-30T02:0010.27144.871172.6VM842OZO2MOOI WEERLIGT WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000252221
1852-07-01T02:009.08145.83940.0VM840O0BUIIGE LUCHT DONDER WEERLIGTREGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100100252222
1852-07-02T02:008.33142.932971.01016.029.4VM84185.0030.00WNW1BUIIGE LUCHTREGENOPWERKENDE BEWOLKTE LUCHT1100000252223
1852-07-03T02:007.07142.952522.6VM842W-WZW2WEERLIGT DONDEROPWERKENDE LUCHT0000100252224
1852-07-04T03:007.10142.002961.01015.328.3VM83183.0029.98WNW1BUIIGE LUCHTREGENBEWOLKTE LUCHT1100000252225
1852-07-05T03:005.88141.702062.6VM832ZW-ZZW2GOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252226
1852-07-06T02:004.27142.622521.0VM841ZZW-WZW1BUIIGE LUCHTREGEN1100000252227
1852-07-07T03:004.48141.83481.01026.130.6VM83187.0030.30WNW-NO1GOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000252228
1852-07-08T02:003.92143.032741.01029.531.7VM84189.0030.40W1REGENBUITJEWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1100000252229
1852-07-09T02:003.38143.252741.01016.031.1VM84188.0030.00W1WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252230
1852-07-10T02:002.52143.171842.6VM842N-Z2REGENOPWERKENDE BETROKKEN LUCHT0100000252231
1852-07-11T03:002.10142.171396.7VM844ZO4BUIIGE LUCHTWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1000000252232
1852-07-12T03:001.77141.3536212.3VM846RONDLOPEND6BUIIGE LUCHTWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1000000252233
1852-07-13T03:001.43140.27491.01019.430.0VM84186.0030.10N-NO1BUIIGE LUCHTREGENRONDTREKKENDE LUCHT1100000252234
1852-07-14T03:000.98139.40492.6VM842NO2BUIIGE LUCHT DONDER BX GOED WEERREGEN1100100252235
1852-07-15T03:000.85138.001392.6VM842ZO2WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252236
1852-07-16T03:000.63136.27702.6SINT DAVIDSNOVM8BEVONDEN DE TIJDMETER 1345 TE OOSTELIJK22ONO2BUIIGE LUCHTREGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1100000252237
1852-07-17T03:000.78133.93581.01016.030.0VM82186.0030.00NO-NOTO1WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252238
1852-07-18T03:001.35131.57921.01046.528.3VM82183.0030.90O1BUIIGE LUCHTREGENHELDERE LUCHT1100000252239
1852-07-19T03:002.07129.521821.0VM821WZW-Z1BUIIGE LUCHTREGENOPWERKENDE LUCHT1100000252240
1852-07-20T03:003.03128.882721.01026.129.4VM82185.0030.30O-W1GOED WEER0000000252241
1852-07-21T03:003.07127.872502.6VM822WZW2REGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0100000252242
1852-07-22T03:002.85127.832501.0VM821Z-WZW1REGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0100000252243
1852-07-23T03:002.58127.633621.01032.929.4VM82185.0030.50RONDLOPEND1BETROKKEN WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000252244
1852-07-24T03:002.58127.573171.01016.030.0VM82186.0030.00ZO-NW1REGENBETROKKEN BEWOLKTE LUCHT0100000252245
1852-07-25T04:001.95127.273622.61016.028.3VM81283.0030.00RONDLOPEND2REGENOPWERKENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0100000252246
1852-07-26T04:001.72126.651364.6TERNATEZO1-2ZVM813Z-ZO30000000252247
1852-07-27T04:001.52125.301362.6VM812Z-ZO2WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000252248