García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SYREN cruise from Spithead to Gibralter started at 1756-10-25 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752425, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 42.432903 * Median Longitude: -11.345806 * South-bound Latitude: 36.100000 * West-bound Longitude: -14.750000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.720000 * East-bound Longitude: -4.950000
Date/Time Start: 1756-10-25T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-11-25T13:00:00
Event(s):
Syren_17561025_NMM_ADM/L/S619 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: 35.970000 * Longitude End: -5.550000 * Date/Time Start: 1756-10-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-11-25T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Syren, Voyage: Spithead - Gibralter, 1st Observer: Thomas Ward (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 10 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 11 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 16 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 17 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 18 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 27 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
642 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 10 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 ww (Weather description) | 16 Precip descr | 17 State sea descr | 18 Clearness | 19 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 20 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 21 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 22 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 23 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 24 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 25 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 26 Comment | 27 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1756-10-25T12:00 | 49.72 | -4.95 | 38 | 19.0 | PORTLAND | N64:09E | 36 | 1 | S64:09W | 108.00 | -18 | ENE, NEBE | FIRST PART MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250001 | |||
| 1756-10-26T12:00 | 48.57 | -7.15 | 72 | 19.0 | PORTLAND | N57:44E | 72 | S51:36W | 111.00 | -18 | EBN, ENE, E | FIRST AND LATTER PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | LATTER FLYING SHOWERS | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250002 | |||
| 1756-10-27T13:00 | 47.32 | -9.08 | 96 | 15.4 | PORTLAND | N53:45E | 107 | S46:00W | 107.00 | -17 | EBN, ESE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER FLYING SHOWERS | MIDDLE CLOUDY | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250003 | |||
| 1756-10-28T13:00 | 45.83 | -10.57 | 141 | 19.0 | PORTLAND | N49:14E | 143 | S54:52W | 108.00 | -17 | ESE, SE, SEBS, SSE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER DITTO WITH SQUALLS | LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250004 | ||||
| 1756-10-29T13:00 | 45.20 | -11.78 | 163 | 22.6 | PORTLAND | N49:40E | 164 | S53:00W | 64.00 | -17 | SBE, SEBS, SSE, S | FIRST PART MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | MIDDLE RAIN | LATTER LARGE SEA FROM THE SW | FIRST PART HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250005 | ||
| 1756-10-30T13:00 | 45.53 | -12.18 | 152 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N52:38E | 163 | S38:00W | 26.00 | -17 | SBW, SWBS, SWBW, SSW, SBE | FIRST PART STRONG GALES, MIDDLE MORE MODERATE, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART LARGE HOLLOW SEA, LATTER TUMBLING SWELL FROM THE SW | MIDDLE PART FAIR, LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250006 | |||
| 1756-10-31T13:00 | 44.90 | -13.20 | 118 | 19.0 | PORTLAND | N52:16E | 183 | SW1/4W | 57.00 | -17 | S, SSE, SEBS, SE | FIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES, MIDDLE FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART PLEASANT | MIDDLE RAIN | LATTER HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250007 | ||
| 1756-11-01T13:00 | 44.03 | -13.93 | 84 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N50:16E | 203 | S30:00W | 60.00 | -17 | SE, SEBE, ESE, EBS | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART RAIN | FIRST PART A SWELL FROM THE SW | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250008 | |||
| 1756-11-02T13:00 | 43.25 | -14.70 | 163 | 2.6 | PORTLAND | N49:14E | 222 | S35:19W | 58.00 | -17 | SEBE, SBW, SBE, S | FIRST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER LITTLE WIND | FIRST PART RAIN | MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250009 | ||||
| 1756-11-03T13:00 | 42.92 | -14.75 | 163 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N47:59E | 226 | S8:26W | 19.00 | -17 | SBW, SSE, SE, E, S | FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE MODERATE BREEZES, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER PART FAIR, MIDDLE CLOUDY | MIDDLE SMALL SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250010 | ||||
| 1756-11-04T13:00 | 42.32 | -14.40 | 361 | 19.0 | PORTLAND | N45:10E | 233 | S23:00E | 39.00 | -16 | CALM, ESE, VARIABLE, CALM | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART LIGHT WINDS AND CALM, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | THICK FOGGY WEATHER | MIDDLE AND LATTER PART HARD RAIN | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250011 | ||||
| 1756-11-05T13:00 | 41.45 | -13.98 | 85 | PORTLAND | N41:26E | 241 | S19:00E | 55.00 | -16 | EBN, ENE, E, EBS | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH | MIDDLE THICK FOGGY WEATHER | FIRST PART FREQUENT SHOWERS OF RAIN, MIDDLE RAIN | LATTER CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250012 | ||||
| 1756-11-06T13:00 | 40.65 | -13.35 | 63 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N37:41E | 249 | S31:00E | 56.00 | -16 | ENE, NEBE, EBN | THE MAJOR PART MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250013 | |||||
| 1756-11-07T13:00 | 40.38 | -13.07 | 85 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N36:15E | 251 | S38:00E | 21.00 | -16 | ENE, E, NEBE, EBS | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE ND LATTER PLEASANT BREEZES | FINE WEATHER | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250014 | ||||
| 1756-11-08T13:00 | 40.98 | -13.00 | 130 | 2.6 | PORTLAND | N37:36E | 240 | N5:00E | 36.00 | -16 | ESE, SE, SEBS | THE MAJOR PART LIGHT WINDS | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250015 | |||||
| 1756-11-09T13:00 | 41.82 | -12.53 | 97 | 2.6 | PORTLAND | N38:42E | 223 | NNE | 54.00 | -16 | SE, SEBE, ESE | THESE 24 HOURS LIGHT BREEZES | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250016 | |||||
| 1756-11-10T13:00 | 42.55 | -12.08 | 107 | 2.6 | PORTLAND | N39:43E | 207 | N24:00E | 48.00 | -17 | SBE, SEBE | LIGHT BREEEZES | FIRST AN MIDDLE FINE | LATTER PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250017 | ||||
| 1756-11-11T13:00 | 42.22 | -11.47 | 163 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N36:49E | 207 | N59:00E | 26.00 | -17 | S, SBW, VARIABLE, S | FIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES, MIDDLE FRESH AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART FINE | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250018 | ||||
| 1756-11-12T13:00 | 41.82 | -10.48 | 231 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N32:36E | 206 | N61:00E | 49.00 | -17 | NW, VARIABLE, NNE, WSW | FIRST PART VARIABLE WITH LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART THICK WEATHER | FIRST PART FREQUENT SHOWERS OF RAIN, MIDDLE AND LATTER SQUALLS OF RAIN | MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250019 | |||
| 1756-11-13T13:00 | 41.88 | -10.48 | 163 | 19.0 | PORTLAND | N32:46E | 205 | N | 4.00 | -17 | W, SWBW, SW, SSW, S | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250020 | |||||
| 1756-11-14T13:00 | 42.52 | -11.17 | 163 | 6.7 | PORTLAND | N35:48E | 201 | N56:00W | 34.00 | -17 | SSW, SSE, S | THE MAJOR PART THESE 24 HOURS STRONG GALES WITH HARD SQUALLS OF WIND, AT NOON MORE MODERATE | AT NOON THUNDER | AT NOON HARD RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250021 | ||||
| 1756-11-15T13:00 | 42.25 | -11.23 | 253 | 2.6 | PORTLAND | N34:07E | 200 | N14:4W | 2.00 | -17 | SWBW, WSW, W | FIRST PART MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND,LATTER LIGHT WINDS | MIDDLE LIGHTNING TO THE EASTWARD | FIRST PART SOME HARD SHOWERS OF RAIN | LATTER LARGE SW SWELL | FIRST AND LATTER HAZY, MIDDLE CLEAR | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250022 | ||
| 1756-11-16T13:00 | 41.63 | -10.58 | 231 | 9.3 | PORTLAND | N32:26E | 210 | S38:0E | 47.00 | -17 | WBS, WSW | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES | LATTER PART THICK WEATHER | MIDDLE FREQUENT SHOWERS OF RAIN, LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250023 | |||
| 1756-11-17T00:00 | 41.13 | 338 | 6.7 | THE ENTRANCE OF OPORTO | SEBE | 4 | WBS, NWBW, NWBN, WNW, NNW | THE MAJOR PART MODERATEWITH LIGHT WINDS | FREQUENT SHOWERS OF RAIN | CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250024 | ||||||||
| 1756-11-18T13:00 | 41.05 | -9.72 | 197 | 19.0 | OPORTO | N84:0E | 15 | S84:00W | 47.00 | -17 | NNW, WNW, S, SWBS | THE FIRST PART LIGHT WINDS, MIDDLE FRESH BREEZES, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART HAZY, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250025 | |||||
| 1756-11-19T13:00 | 40.75 | -10.57 | 354 | 6.7 | OPORTO | N74:15E | 30 | S65:00W | 44.00 | -17 | SW, NNW, NBE | FIRST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART FLYING SHOWERS | LATTER CLOUDY | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250026 | ||||
| 1756-11-20T13:00 | 40.37 | -10.44 | 362 | 2.6 | OPORTO | N59:12E | 32 | S14:4E | 24.00 | -17 | NE, CALM, VARIABLE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS SLIGHT WINDS AND CALM, LATTER LITTLE WIND | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250027 | |||||
| 1756-11-21T13:00 | 40.05 | -10.34 | 231 | 6.7 | OPORTO | N49:11E | 34 | S13:00E | 20.00 | -17 | SSW, WSW | MODERATE BREEZES | MIDDLE AND LATTER FLYING SHOWERS | CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250028 | ||||
| 1756-11-22T13:00 | 39.88 | -10.60 | 242 | 15.4 | OPORTO | N49:24E | 39 | S56:00E | 19.00 | -17 | SWBS, SWBW, WBS | THE MAJOR PART MODERATE GALES WITH INTERMITTING SQUALLS | INTERMITTING RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250029 | ||||
| 1756-11-23T13:00 | 39.68 | -10.65 | 253 | OPORTO | N46:13E | 42 | S14:04W | 13.00 | -17 | WBS, WSW, W | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY SQUALLS | FIRST AND MIDDLE LIGHTNING | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250030 | |||||
| 1756-11-24T13:00 | 37.80 | -10.99 | 298 | 19.0 | OPORTO | N28:33E | 77 | S8:14W | 91.00 | -17 | W, NWBW, NWBN, NW | THE MAJOR PART FRESH GALES WITH HARD SQUALLS OF WIND | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250031 | |||||
| 1756-11-25T13:00 | 36.10 | -8.30 | 322 | 19.0 | OPORTO | N2:47W | 101 | S51:14E | 162.00 | -16 | NW, NBW, NNW | THE MAJOR PART FRESH GALES WITH HARD SQUALLS OF WIND | LIGHTNING TO THE EASTWARD | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250032 |